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Journals / Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research / 2026 / Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Comparison of ethanol and tween 20 as solubilizers in clove oil anesthesia of carassius auratus on anesthetic stages and histopathology

Merve Pekince Özöner(SİİRT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-5378-2726
Bahadır Emin Babacan(SİİRT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ)0009-0001-1072-6927
Özgür Özöner(SIIRT UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE)0000-0001-7354-0655
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-10-24
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusion Because the fish recovers quickly after surgery or measurement and minimizes the risk of post-anesthetic death, the alcohol-clove oil combination offers a clinically safer option for short-term routine procedures; however, due to causing less histopathological damage, the Tween 20+ clove oil formulation suggests that it can be safely used in long and extensive surgical procedures.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Clove oil is a water-insoluble substance commonly used in fish anesthesia, usually diluted in ethanol.
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Key Findings & Data:The aim of this study is to determine the effects of using Tween 20, a non-ionic surfactant, instead of ethanol in clove oil anesthesia, on anesthesia induction and recovery phases, as well as its potential histopathological effects on the liver, kidneys, and gills.
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Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion Because the fish recovers quickly after surgery or measurement and minimizes the risk of post-anesthetic death, the alcohol-clove oil combination offers a clinically safer option for short-term routine procedures; however, due to causing less histopathological damage, the Tween 20+ clove oil formulation suggests that it can be safely used in long and extensive surgical procedures.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Anesthesia · Carassius auratus · Ethanol

Abstract

Clove oil is a water-insoluble substance commonly used in fish anesthesia, usually diluted in ethanol. Due to the lipophilic nature of clove oil, the use of ethanol to dissolve it can cause adverse effects such as tissue irritation and stress in fish, necessitating the investigation of alternative dispersing agents. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of using Tween 20, a non-ionic surfactant, instead of ethanol in clove oil anesthesia, on anesthesia induction and recovery phases, as well as its potential histopathological effects on the liver, kidneys, and gills. Materials and Methods In this study, a total of 21 Carassius auratus fish were divided into three equal groups of seven fish each. The groups were: Control group with no treatment; Tween 20+clove oil group anesthetized with 100 mg/L clove oil dissolved in 0.1% Tween 20; and an Ethyl alcohol+clove oil group anesthetized with 100 mg/L clove oil prepared by dissolving it in ethyl alcohol. Results Recovery times from anesthesia were found to be significantly longer in the Tween 20 group compared to the alcohol group. In our study, hyperemia and focal cellular infiltration in the liver, and hyperemia in the kidneys and gills were observed in the alcohol-clove oil combination. In the Tween 20 group, hyperemia occured less frequently, and histopathological damage was reduced. Conclusion Because the fish recovers quickly after surgery or measurement and minimizes the risk of post-anesthetic death, the alcohol-clove oil combination offers a clinically safer option for short-term routine procedures; however, due to causing less histopathological damage, the Tween 20+ clove oil formulation suggests that it can be safely used in long and extensive surgical procedures.

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Cite This Article

Özöner, M. P., Babacan, B. E., Özöner, Ö. (2026). Comparison of ethanol and tween 20 as solubilizers in clove oil anesthesia of carassius auratus on anesthetic stages and histopathology. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, Volume: 10 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.2010004

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