AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightHowever, longer follow-up studies with CP-specific functional assessments are needed to confirm the durability of correction and recurrence rates.
📌 3 Key Takeaways
Abstract
Aims: Pes planovalgus (PPV) deformity is a common deformity in ambulatory patients with cerebral palsy (CP), and progressive cases may require surgery. This study aimed to evaluate short- to mid-term radiological and functional outcomes following individualized combined surgical treatment in ambulatory CP patients. Methods: Twenty-five ambulatory patients with CP who underwent surgical treatment for PPV were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic characteristics, surgical procedures, radiological parameters, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot scores were assessed. Preoperative and postoperative values were compared using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Surgical strategy was individualized based on deformity severity, flexibility and associated muscle tendon imbalance. Results: The mean age was 15.16±3.80 years (range, 9-25 years), and the mean follow-up duration was 1.67±0.77 years. The most common surgical approach was achilloplasty combined with midfoot or calcaneal osteotomy (72%). Significant postoperative improvements were observed in calcaneal pitch (p=0.006), Kite angle (p=0.015), lateral talocalcaneal angle (p=0.022), Gissane angle (p=0.039), and Simons angle (p=0.007). The AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot score significantly improved from 40.88±12.88 to 83.52±8.34 (p<0.001). Other parameters showed trends toward improvement without statistical significance. Conclusion: Individualized combined surgical treatment may provide short- to mid-term radiological correction and functional improvement in ambulatory patients with CP-related PPV. However, longer follow-up studies with CP-specific functional assessments are needed to confirm the durability of correction and recurrence rates.