Journals / Animal Health Production and Hygiene / 2026 / Cilt: 15 Sayı: 4

Effects of packing density and homofermentative microbial inoculant on the physical quality, chemical composition, and estimated nutritive value of maize silage

Mısır silajının fiziksel kalitesi, kimyasal bileşimi ve tahmini yem değeri üzerine sıkıştırma yoğunluğu ve homofermentatif mikrobiyal inokülantın etkileleri

Murat Er(İZMİR BAKIRÇAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-6623-1539
Hulusi Akçay(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-9759-1035
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-10-26
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These findings indicate that, the fermentation and nutritive characteristics of maize silage were governed primarily by inoculant application rather than packing density and suggest that homofermentative inoculants should be applied with consideration of substrate characteristics rather than as a routine practice.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study evaluated the effects of packing density (500, 650, and 800 g/L fresh weight) and a homofermentative microbial inoculant (containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium; 0 or 500 mg/kg) on the physical quality, chemical composition, and estimated nutritive value of maize (Zea mays L.) silage.
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Key Findings & Data:A completely randomised design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement was used, with each of the six treatment combinations replicated four times (n = 24).
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Conclusion & Impact:These findings indicate that, the fermentation and nutritive characteristics of maize silage were governed primarily by inoculant application rather than packing density and suggest that homofermentative inoculants should be applied with consideration of substrate characteristics rather than as a routine practice.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Sıkıştırma yoğunluğu · homofermentatif laktik asit bakterileri · mısır silajı

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of packing density (500, 650, and 800 g/L fresh weight) and a homofermentative microbial inoculant (containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium; 0 or 500 mg/kg) on the physical quality, chemical composition, and estimated nutritive value of maize (Zea mays L.) silage. A completely randomised design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement was used, with each of the six treatment combinations replicated four times (n = 24). Forage harvested at the ½ milk line stage was ensiled in 2-L glass jar silos and stored for 42 days. Packing density had no significant effect on silage pH, physical quality scores (colour, odour, structure), or any chemical or nutritive value parameter (P > 0.05). However, inoculant application significantly reduced organic matter, starch, and non-structural carbohydrate concentrations, while increasing ash, neutral detergent fibre, and hemicellulose contents (P < 0.05). Lower estimated dry matter intake, relative feed value, and metabolizable energy values were observed in inoculant-treated silage (P < 0.05), whereas digestible dry matter, total digestible nutrients, and net energy for lactation were unaffected. Significant interactions between packing density and inoculant application were observed for organic matter and ash, with the greatest differences occurring at the lowest packing density (500 g/L). These findings indicate that, the fermentation and nutritive characteristics of maize silage were governed primarily by inoculant application rather than packing density and suggest that homofermentative inoculants should be applied with consideration of substrate characteristics rather than as a routine practice.

Özet

Bu çalışmada, sıkıştırma yoğunluğunun (500, 650 ve 800 g/L taze ağırlık) ve homofermentatif mikrobiyal inokülantın (Lactobacillus plantarum ve Enterococcus faecium içeren; 0 veya 500 mg/kg) mısır (Zea mays L.) silajının fiziksel kalitesi, kimyasal bileşimi ve tahmini besleme değeri üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma, 3 × 2 faktöriyel düzende tamamen rastgele deneme desenine göre yürütülmüş ve altı uygulama kombinasyonunun her biri dört tekerrürle gerçekleştirilmiştir (n = 24). Yarım süt çizgisi (½ milk line) döneminde hasat edilen mısır materyali, 2 L hacmindeki cam kavanoz silolarda silolanmış ve 42 gün süreyle depolanmıştır. Sıkıştırma yoğunluğu, silaj pH'sı, fiziksel kalite puanları (renk, koku ve yapı) ile kimyasal bileşim ve tahmini besleme değerine ilişkin parametrelerin hiçbirini istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde etkilememiştir (P > 0,05). Buna karşılık, inokülant uygulaması organik madde, nişasta ve yapısal olmayan karbonhidrat konsantrasyonlarını önemli düzeyde azaltırken; kül, nötr deterjan lifi (NDF) ve hemiselüloz içeriklerini artırmıştır (P < 0,05). İnokülant uygulanan silajlarda tahmini kuru madde tüketimi, nispi yem değeri ve metabolik enerji değerleri önemli düzeyde daha düşük bulunmuştur (P < 0,05). Buna karşın, sindirilebilir kuru madde, toplam sindirilebilir besin maddeleri ve laktasyon için net enerji değerleri uygulamalardan etkilenmemiştir. Sıkıştırma yoğunluğu ile inokülant uygulaması arasında organik madde ve kül içerikleri bakımından önemli interaksiyonlar belirlenmiş olup, en belirgin farklılıklar en düşük sıkıştırma yoğunluğunda (500 g/L) gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, mısır silajında fermantasyon ve besleme özelliklerinin sıkıştırma yoğunluğundan ziyade esas olarak inokülant uygulaması tarafından belirlendiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca sonuçlar, homofermentatif inokülantların rutin bir uygulama olarak kullanılmasından ziyade, silolanan materyalin özellikleri dikkate alınarak uygulanmasının daha uygun olacağını göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

Er, M., Akçay, H. (2026). Effects of packing density and homofermentative microbial inoculant on the physical quality, chemical composition, and estimated nutritive value of maize silage. Animal Health Production and Hygiene, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 4. https://doi.org/10.53913/aduveterinary.2000636

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