Journals / Karaelmas Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

ONTOLOGICAL POSITIONINGS AND THEORETICAL ORIENTATIONS IN THE LITERATURE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATION

YAPAY ZEKÂ VE İLETİŞİM LİTERATÜRÜNDE ONTOLOJİK KONUMLANIŞLAR VE KURAMSAL YÖNELİMLER

Can Cengiz(ZONGULDAK BÜLENT ECEVİT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-3938-9506
Pages
59–72
Publication Date
2026-06-30
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings reveal that the literature is primarily centered on ethical risks, institutional regulation, professional adaptation, and communication education, while AI is predominantly conceptualized within an instrumentalist ontological framework.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study investigates how the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and the field of communication is conceptualized in contemporary academic literature, with particular attention to ontological positions and theoretical orientations.
📊
Key Findings & Data:It further argues that this expansion has not generated a corresponding transformation in the ontological and theoretical assumptions of the discipline.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The findings reveal that the literature is primarily centered on ethical risks, institutional regulation, professional adaptation, and communication education, while AI is predominantly conceptualized within an instrumentalist ontological framework.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Yapay zekâ · İletişim literatürü · Kuramsal yönelimler

Abstract

This study investigates how the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and the field of communication is conceptualized in contemporary academic literature, with particular attention to ontological positions and theoretical orientations. The research proceeds from the assumption that academic production on AI in communication studies has expanded quantitatively and diversified thematically. It further argues that this expansion has not generated a corresponding transformation in the ontological and theoretical assumptions of the discipline. The study comparatively analyzes 63 articles: 26 open-access articles indexed in the Communication category of the Web of Science database and including the terms “Artificial Intelligence” and “Communication” in their titles, and 37 articles from DergiPark including the terms “Yapay Zekâ” and “İletişim” in their titles. The dataset was examined through qualitative document analysis and analyzed using MAXQDA with a multi-layered coding scheme designed to evaluate thematic priorities, types of AI, ontological statuses, and theoretical frameworks. The findings reveal that the literature is primarily centered on ethical risks, institutional regulation, professional adaptation, and communication education, while AI is predominantly conceptualized within an instrumentalist ontological framework. Although studies positioning AI as an actor/agent are more visible in the Web of Science literature, the instrumentalist approach remains markedly dominant in the DergiPark corpus. Ultimately, the study argues that the thematic expansion of AI-communication literature has not yet produced a substantive theoretical rupture, and that the field continues to operate largely within anthropocentric boundaries.

Özet

Bu çalışma, yapay zekâ ile iletişim alanı arasındaki ilişkinin güncel akademik literatürde nasıl kavramsallaştırıldığını, özellikle ontolojik konumlanışlar ve kuramsal yönelimler ekseninde incelemektedir. Araştırma, iletişim alanında yapay zekâya ilişkin akademik üretimin nicel olarak genişlediği ve tematik olarak çeşitlendiği varsayımından hareket etmektedir. Buna karşılık söz konusu genişlemenin, iletişim disiplininin ontolojik ve kuramsal kabullerinde aynı ölçüde bir dönüşüm üretmediği öne sürülmektedir. Çalışma, Web of Science veri tabanında, başlığında “Artificial Intelligence” ve “Communication” ifadelerini birlikte içeren 26 açık erişimli makale ile DergiPark’ta başlığında “Yapay Zekâ” ve “İletişim” ifadelerini birlikte taşıyan 37 makaleyi karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmektedir. Toplam 63 makaleden oluşan veri seti, nitel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında doküman analizi tekniğiyle incelenmiş; MAXQDA programı aracılığıyla çok katmanlı bir kodlama cetveli doğrultusunda çözümlenmiştir. Analizde tematik öncelikler, yapay zekâ türleri, ontolojik statüler ve kuramsal çerçeveler birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, literatürün ağırlıklı olarak etik riskler, kurumsal düzenleme, mesleki uyum ve iletişim eğitimi etrafında yoğunlaştığını; yapay zekânın ise çoğunlukla araçsal bir ontoloji içinde kavrandığını göstermektedir. Web of Science literatüründe yapay zekânın aktör/fail olarak konumlandırıldığı çalışmalar daha sık görünürken, DergiPark literatüründe araçsalcı yaklaşım belirgin biçimde baskındır. Çalışma, iletişim çalışmaları çerçevesinde yer alan yapay zekâ literatüründe tematik genişlemenin kuramsal bir kırılmaya tam olarak eşlik etmediğini ve alanın hâlâ güçlü biçimde insan-merkezci sınırlar içinde kaldığını ortaya koymaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Cengiz, C. (2026). ONTOLOGICAL POSITIONINGS AND THEORETICAL ORIENTATIONS IN THE LITERATURE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATION. Karaelmas Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 59–72. https://doi.org/10.70819/kares.1918917

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (29)

  1. Anani-Bossman, A., Nutsugah, N. & Abudulai, J. I. (2024). Artificial intelligence in public relations and communication management: Perspectives of Ghanaian professionals. Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa, 43(1), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v43i1.2506
  2. Ayub, A. (2025). Exploring human-AI communication in the digital era: a need to develop new theories for human-aı communication. International Social Sciences and Education Journal, 2(2), 30-36. https://doi.org/ 10.61424/issej.v2i2.181
  3. Bjork, C. (2025). Extractive artificial ıntelligence and its challenge to technical communication. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 39(4), 504-515. https://doi.org/10.1177/10506519251348462
  4. Dias, P., Krolow, P. & Andrade, J. G. (2025). Torn between practicality and fear: How strategic communication professionals are adopting artificial intelligence. Internatıonal Journal Of Marketıng Communıcatıon And New Media, (16), 6-27. https://doi.org/1 0.54663/2182-9306.2025.SpecialIssueMBP.6-27
  5. Ergül, N. (2025). Voice-activated AI and the evolution of communication etiquette. Intermedia International E-journal, 12(22), 266-282. https://doi.org/10.56133/intermedia.1614189
  6. Esposito, E. (2017). Artificial Communication? The production of contingency by algorithms. Zeitschrift für Soziologie, 46(4), 249-265. https://doi.org/ 10.1515/zfsoz-2017-1014
  7. Gil De Zúñiga, H., Goyanes, M. & Durotoye, T. (2024). A scholarly definition of artificial ıntelligence (AI): Advancing AI as a conceptual framework in communication research. Political Communication, 41(2), 317-334. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/10584609.2023.2290497
  8. Gunkel, D. J. (2023). Duty now and for the future: Communication, ethics and artificial ıntelligence. Journal of Media Ethics, 38(4), 198-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2023.2264854
  9. Guzman, A. L. & Lewis, S. C. (2020). Artificial intelligence and communication: A Human–Machine communication research agenda. New Media & Society, 22(1), 70-86. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/1461444819858691
  10. Hancock, J. T., Naaman, M. & Levy, K. (2020). AI-Mediated communication: Definition, research agenda and ethical considerations. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 25(1), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmz022
  11. Joyce, K. & Cruz, T. M. (2024). A sociology of artificial ıntelligence: Inequalities, power, and data justice. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 10, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231241275393
  12. Kalpokas, I. (2021). Agglomerations, relationality, and in-betweenness: Re-learning to research agency in digital communication. Central European Journal of Communication, 13(27), 426-440. https://doi.org/ 10.51480/1899-5101.13.3(27).7
  13. Kırık, A. M. & Özkoçak, V. (2023). Medya ve iletişim bağlamında yapay zekâ tarihi ve teknolojisi: Chatgpt ve deepfake ile gelen dijital dönüşüm. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, (58), 73-99. https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1308471
  14. Kuşku Özdemir, E. (2024). Qualitative evaluation of the academic reflections of artificial ıntelligence applications in the fields of communication and public relations. Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (12), 381-409. https://doi.org/10.56720/mevzu.1486625
  15. Molina, O., Rincon-Flores, E. & Mena, J. (2026). Artificial intelligence and communication: Critical and educommunicative mediation. Index Comunication, 16(1), 13-35. https://doi.org/10.62008/ixc/16/01Artifi
  16. Natale, S. (2021). Communicating through or communicating with: Approaching artificial intelligence from a communication and media studies perspective. Communication Theory, 31(4), 905-910. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qtaa022
  17. Nawaz, H. & Abdul Siraj, S. (2025). Generative AI in media communication: A critical review of themes, ethics and research gaps. ACADEMIA International Journal for Social Sciences, 4(4), 491-503. https://doi.org/10.63056/ACAD.004.04.0907
  18. Öze, N. (2025). Tr Dizin’de Taranan İletişim Alanı İle İlgili Dergilerde "Yapay Zekâ" İçerikli Makalelerin Sistematik Literatür Analizi. Yeni Yüzyıl’da İletişim Çalışmaları, 3(12), 14-32. https://izlik.org/JA23XE27GF
  19. Özmelek Taş, N. (2025). Yapay zeka ve kişilerarası iletişim: 2015-2024 döneminde Web of Science (WoS) ve Scopus yayınlarının bibliyometrik ve metin madenciliği analizi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi 28(2), 595-614. https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1798710
  20. Revolusi, P. & Febriandy, R. K. (2025). Human AI communication (HA-C): Transforming the role of technology in human interaction. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 8(3), 2026201. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026201
  21. Russell, S. J. & Norvig, P. (2003). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach. Prentice Hall series in artificial intelligence (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall/Pearson Education.
  22. Sak, R., Şahi̇n Sak, İ. T., Öneren Şendi̇l, Ç. & Nas, E. (2021). Bir araştırma yöntemi olarak doküman analizi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 4(1), 227-256. https://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.843306
  23. Setianingrum, V. M., Paramana, Utari, P. & Aziz, R. A. (2025). Disrupting the communicator paradigm: Systematic mapping of artificial ıntelligence in contemporary communication theory. Forum for Linguistic Studies. 7(11), 1225-1241. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i11.11618
  24. Sönmez, G. (2025). Türkiye’de iletişim alanında yapay zekâ kullanımı sorunlar ve çözümler. Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 9(2), 309-330. https://doi.org/10.30692/sisad.1628299
  25. Sundar, S. S. (2020). Rise of machine agency: A framework for studying the psychology of Human–AI interaction (HAII). Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 25(1), 74-88. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmz026
  26. Süzmen Yalçınkaya, A. (2025). Yapay zekâ çağında moda iletişimi: Guess reklamı üzerine Barthes ve Baudrillard okumaları. İnterdisipliner Medya ve İletişim Çalışmaları, 2(4), 96-125. https://izlik.org/JA25LA65EK
  27. Utari, P., Pramana, P. & Alkhajar, E. N. S. (2025). AI and communication research: Reassessing theory and methodology in the age of automation. Jurnal ASPIKOM, 10(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v10i2.1670
  28. Wilson, T., Provaznik, W. & Cook, W. (2024). Using framing to introduce the responsible use of text-based generative artificial intelligence (TGENAI) in business communication. Communication Teacher, 38(3), 242-252. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/17404622.2024.2360988
  29. Yeniceler K. İ. (2024). İletişim ve medya çalışmalarında yeni gelişmeler: Yapay zekâ ve gazetecilik araştırmalarına dair bibliyometrik bir analiz. Moment Dergi, 11(1), 81-108. https://doi.org/10.17572/mj2024.1.81-108