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Journals / ETÜ Sentez İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Sayı: 17

Reshaping Europe: The Policy and Role of the United States in the Foundation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

Avrupa'nın Yeniden Şekillenmesi: Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin, Avrupa Kömür ve Çelik Topluluğu'nun (AKÇT) Oluşturulmasındaki Politikası ve Rolü

Uğur Baran Hanağası(PİRİ REİS ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-3515-8855
Pages
93–103
Publication Date
2026-06-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This article concludes that the ECSC was an institutional framework whose design reflected American strategic preferences and was actively shaped by American policymakers and their transatlantic networks.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:The establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951 is generally considered an in-house European move to Franco-German reconciliation.
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Key Findings & Data:Apart from this approach, this paper claims that the ECSC was essentially shaped by foreign policy makers of the United States of America (US), the era’s hegomonic power, and transatlantic policy networks.
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Conclusion & Impact:This article concludes that the ECSC was an institutional framework whose design reflected American strategic preferences and was actively shaped by American policymakers and their transatlantic networks.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:European Integration · Schuman Plan · US Hegemony

Abstract

The establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951 is generally considered an in-house European move to Franco-German reconciliation. Apart from this approach, this paper claims that the ECSC was essentially shaped by foreign policy makers of the United States of America (US), the era’s hegomonic power, and transatlantic policy networks. Following the aftermath of World War II, the US took advantage of the Schuman Plan to address the German question by combining the German industrial capacity into a Western supranational system. Washington exported its anti-cartel model of economy and gained a systemic bulwark against Soviet expansionism through transatlantic policy networks led by French Jean Monnet and the US officials such as Dean Acheson and John J. McCloy. Using structural economic leverage and diplomatic pressure through the Marshall plan, the US led the French and German elites take a decision to embrace supranational integration over national sovereignty. This article concludes that the ECSC was an institutional framework whose design reflected American strategic preferences and was actively shaped by American policymakers and their transatlantic networks.

Özet

1951'de, Avrupa Kömür ve Çelik Topluluğu'nun (AKÇT) kurulması, geleneksel olarak, Avrupa'nın, Fransa-Almanya uzlaşmasına yönelik içsel bir hamlesi olarak kabul edilir. Bu yaklaşımın dışında, bu makale AKÇT’nin, esas olarak dönemin hegomonik gücü olan ABD ve transatlantik siyaset ağları tarafından şekillendirildiğini iddia etmektedir. II. Dünya Savaşı'nın ardından ABD, Alman sanayi kapasitesini Batı'nın uluslarüstü sistemine dâhil ederek, Alman sorununu ele almak için Schuman Planı'ndan yararlanmıştır. Washington, kartel karşıtı ekonomi modelini ihraç etti ve Fransız Jean Monnet ile Dean Acheson ve John J. McCloy gibi ABD yetkililerinin önderliğindeki transatlantik politika ağları aracılığıyla Sovyet yayılmacılığına karşı sistemik bir kalkan elde etmiş oldu. ABD, yapısal ekonomik dengeleme ve diplomatik baskı aracı olan Marshall Planı ile, Fransız ve Alman elitlerini ulusal egemenlik yerine uluslarüstü entegrasyonu seçmeleri doğrultusunda yön verdi. Bu makale, AKÇT'nin, tasarımı Amerikan stratejik tercihlerini yansıtan ve Amerikan siyaset yapıcılar ile onların transatlantik ağları tarafından aktif olarak şekillendirilen kurumsal bir çerçeve olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Hanağası, U. B. (2026). Reshaping Europe: The Policy and Role of the United States in the Foundation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). ETÜ Sentez İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, Sayı: 17, 93–103. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21045743

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