Journals / Telakki Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 5 Sayı: 8

Intergenerational Identity Among Immigrant Families in Western Europe: A Comparative Analytical Review

Batı Avrupa'daki Göçmen Ailelerde Kuşaklararası Kimlik: Karşılaştırmalı Çözümsel İnceleme

Narges Bahrami(Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi)0009-0001-0227-1782
Onur Yamaner(Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi)0000-0002-8715-2060
Pages
101–120
Publication Date
2026-08-26
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Ultimately, the review demonstrates that identity formation is a structurally embedded process; sustainable social cohesion in diverse societies depends less on forced cultural uniformity than on systemic recognition and institutional accommodation of plural belongings.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This comparative narrative review examines how national integration regimes influence intergenerational identity formation among first- and second-generation immigrant families in Germany, France, and the Netherlands.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Germany illustrates a transitional model, moving toward institutional recognition while maintaining subtle symbolic boundaries.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Ultimately, the review demonstrates that identity formation is a structurally embedded process; sustainable social cohesion in diverse societies depends less on forced cultural uniformity than on systemic recognition and institutional accommodation of plural belongings.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:göçmen kimliği · kuşaklararası entegrasyon · iki kültürlü kimlik bütünleşmesi

Abstract

This comparative narrative review examines how national integration regimes influence intergenerational identity formation among first- and second-generation immigrant families in Germany, France, and the Netherlands. Moving beyond purely individual psychological or adaptation-focused models, the study synthesizes classical perspectives—such as cultural adaptation models, bicultural identity integration, and segmented assimilation—with contemporary frameworks including transnationalism, super-diversity, digital diasporas, everyday multiculturalism, and recognition theory. The comparative analysis reveals that while first-generation immigrants primarily rely on heritage-cultural retention and selective adaptation to ensure stability during resettlement, second-generation individuals predominantly navigate complex, bicultural, or hybrid identities. However, the stability and cohesion of these hybrid identities are strongly contingent upon the host country's institutional and symbolic environment. France’s republican assimilationist model often intensifies inner identity conflicts by constraining public expressions of cultural difference, whereas the historically pluralist framework of the Netherlands provides a more flexible space for negotiating dual identification. Germany illustrates a transitional model, moving toward institutional recognition while maintaining subtle symbolic boundaries. Ultimately, the review demonstrates that identity formation is a structurally embedded process; sustainable social cohesion in diverse societies depends less on forced cultural uniformity than on systemic recognition and institutional accommodation of plural belongings.

Özet

Bu karşılaştırmalı anlatısal derleme, ulusal entegrasyon rejimlerinin Almanya, Fransa ve Hollanda’daki birinci ve ikinci kuşak göçmen ailelerin kuşaklararası kimlik oluşumunu nasıl şekillendirdiğini incelemektedir. Bireysel psikolojik uyum modellerinin ötesine geçen çalışma; kültürel uyum, çift kültürlü kimlik bütünleşmesi ve parçalı asimilasyon gibi klasik kuramları; ulusötesilik, süper-çeşitlilik, dijital diyaspora, gündelik çokkültürlülük ve tanınma teorisi gibi güncel yaklaşımlarla sentezlemektedir. Karşılaştırmalı analiz, birinci kuşak göçmenlerin yerleşim sürecinde süreklilik ve istikrar sağlamak amacıyla ağırlıklı olarak kültürel bağları koruma ve seçici uyum stratejilerine başvurduğunu; ikinci kuşağın ise daha karmaşık, çift kültürlü veya hibrit kimlikler geliştirdiğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, bu hibrit kimliklerin kapsayıcı ve dengeli bir biçimde yerleşmesi, ev sahibi ülkenin kurumsal ve sembolik yapısıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Fransa’nın cumhuriyetçi asimilasyon modeli, kamusal alanda farklılıkların ifadesini kısıtlayarak içsel kimlik çatışmalarını derinleştirebilirken; Hollanda’nın tarihsel olarak daha çoğulcu yaklaşımı çift kimlikli süreçlerin daha esnek müzakere edilmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Almanya ise kurumsal tanınmaya doğru kademeli bir dönüşüm geçirmekle birlikte sembolik sınırların varlığını koruduğu ara bir model sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, kimlik inşasının toplumsal yapılardan bağımsız düşünülemeyeceğini; heterojen toplumlarda kalıcı toplumsal uyumun tekdüzeci bir asimilasyondan ziyade, çoğul aidiyetlerin kurumsal ve simgesel düzeyde tanınmasıyla mümkün olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Bahrami, N., Mirlohi, M. S., Yamaner, O. (2026). Intergenerational Identity Among Immigrant Families in Western Europe: A Comparative Analytical Review. Telakki Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 8, 101–120. https://ajindex.com/articles/1630484

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (36)

  1. Alba, R., & Nee, V. (2003). *Remaking the American mainstream: Assimilation and contemporary immigration*. Harvard University Press.
  2. Beauchemin, C., Ichou, M., Simon, P., & The TeO2 Survey Design Team. (2023). Trajectories and Origins 2 (2019–2020): A survey on population diversity in France. *Population, 78*(1), 11–28. https://doi.org/10.3917/popu.2301.0011
  3. Benet-Martínez, V., & Haritatos, J. (2005). Bicultural identity integration (BII): Components and psychosocial antecedents. *Journal of Personality, 73*(4), 1015–1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00337.x
  4. Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. *Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46*(1), 5–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01087.x
  5. Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. *International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29*(6), 697–712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.013
  6. Brinkerhoff, J. M. (2009). *Digital diasporas: Identity and transnational engagement*. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511805158
  7. Celeste, L., Meeussen, L., Verschueren, K., & Phalet, K. (2016). Minority acculturation and peer rejection: Costs of acculturation misfit with peer-group norms. *British Journal of Social Psychology, 55*(3), 544–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12147
  8. Crul, M., & Doomernik, J. (2003). The Turkish and Moroccan second generation in the Netherlands: Divergent trends between and polarization within the two groups. *International Migration Review, 37*(4), 1039–1064. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00169.x
  9. Crul, M., & Schneider, J. (2010). Comparative integration context theory: Participation and belonging in new diverse European cities. *Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33*(7), 1249–1268. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419871003624068
  10. Crul, M., Schneider, J., & Lelie, F. (Eds.). (2012). *The European second generation compared: Does the integration context matter?* Amsterdam University Press.
  11. Fleischmann, F., & Phalet, K. (2016). Identity conflict or compatibility? A comparison of Muslim minorities in five European cities. *Political Psychology, 37*(4), 447–463. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12278
  12. Georgiou, M. (2006). *Diaspora, identity and the media: Diasporic transnationalism and mediated spatialities*. Hampton Press.
  13. Honneth, A. (1995). *The struggle for recognition: The moral grammar of social conflicts*. Polity Press.
  14. Karataş, S., Crocetti, E., Schwartz, S. J., & Rubini, M. (2023). Developmental trajectories of ethnic and national identities in adolescents from migrant families: The role of social identification with family and classmates. *European Journal of Personality, 37*(6), 705–722. https://doi.org/10.1177/08902070221149602
  15. Laguerre, M. S. (2010). Digital diaspora: Definition and models. In A. Alonso & P. J. Oiarzabal (Eds.), *Diasporas in the new media age: Identity, politics, and community* (pp. 49–64). University of Nevada Press.
  16. Levitt, P., & Glick Schiller, N. (2004). Conceptualizing simultaneity: A transnational social field perspective on society. *International Migration Review, 38*(3), 1002–1039. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00227.x
  17. Maehler, D. B., & Schmidt-Denter, U. (2013). The role of parental cultural orientation for identity development in adolescents with migration background. *Journal of Adolescence, 36*(2), 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.12.002
  18. Nguyen, A. M. D., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2013). Biculturalism and adjustment: A meta-analysis. *Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44*(1), 122–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022111435097
  19. Phinney, J. S., Horenczyk, G., Liebkind, K., & Vedder, P. (2001). Ethnic identity, immigration, and well-being: An interactional perspective. *Journal of Social Issues, 57*(3), 493–510. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00225
  20. Portes, A., & Rumbaut, R. G. (2001). *Legacies: The story of the immigrant second generation*. University of California Press.
  21. Portes, A., & Zhou, M. (1993). The new second generation: Segmented assimilation and its variants. *The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 530*(1), 74–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716293530001006
  22. Piwoni, E. (2024). Comprehending and sensing racism: How Germans of migrant background make sense of experiences of ethnoracial exclusion. *Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 50*(12), 2783–2802. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2024.2316635
  23. Sabatier, C., & Berry, J. W. (2008). The role of family acculturation, parental style, and perceived discrimination in the adaptation of second-generation immigrant youth in France and Canada. *European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 5*(2), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620701608739
  24. Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. *Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5*(4), 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610373075
  25. Simon, P. (2012). French national identity and integration: Who belongs to the national community? *Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35*(8), 1301–1320. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2011.607507
  26. Slootman, M., & Duyvendak, J. W. (2015). Feeling Dutch: The culturalization and emotionalization of citizenship and second-generation belonging in the Netherlands. In N. Foner & P. Simon (Eds.), *Fear, anxiety, and national identity: Immigration and belonging in North America and Western Europe* (pp. 147–168). Russell Sage Foundation.
  27. Solano, G., & Huddleston, T. (2020). *Migrant Integration Policy Index 2020*. Migration Policy Group.
  28. Taylor, C. (1994). The politics of recognition. In A. Gutmann (Ed.), *Multiculturalism: Examining the politics of recognition* (pp. 25–73). Princeton University Press.
  29. Veerman, G. J., & Platt, L. (2021). School composition and multiple ethnic identities of migrant-origin adolescents in the Netherlands. *Ethnic and Racial Studies, 44*(16), 106–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2021.1887503
  30. Veerman, G. J. M., Heizmann, B., & Schachner, M. K. (2022). Conditions for cultural belonging among youth of immigrant descent in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom: Comparative analysis of intergroup experiences and classroom contexts. *Ethnic and Racial Studies, 45*(16), 659–683. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2022.2136010
  31. Verkuyten, M., & Yildiz, A. A. (2007). National (dis)identification and ethnic and religious identity: A study among Turkish-Dutch Muslims. *Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33*(10), 1448–1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167207304276
  32. Vermeulen, F., & Kranendonk, M. (2021). Intergenerational transmission of social identity: Dual identification among Turkish immigrant parents and their adult children in Western Europe. *Ethnic and Racial Studies, 44*(16), 194–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2021.1939090
  33. Vertovec, S. (2004). Migrant transnationalism and modes of transformation. *International Migration Review, 38*(3), 970–1001. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00226.x
  34. Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-diversity and its implications. *Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30*(6), 1024–1054. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870701599465
  35. Wise, A., & Velayutham, S. (Eds.). (2009). *Everyday multiculturalism*. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230244474
  36. Yuval-Davis, N. (2006). Belonging and the politics of belonging. *Patterns of Prejudice, 40*(3), 197–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313220600769331