Journals / EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / 2026 / Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Clinical Effectiveness of Stabilization Splint Therapy in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Retrospective Observational Study

Temporomandibular Bozuklukları Olan Hastalarda Stabilizasyon Splinti Tedavisinin Klinik Etkinliği: Retrospektif Gözlemsel Bir Çalışma

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Publication Date
2026-09-27
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Keywords: Temporomandibular disorder, stabilization splint, pain

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Objective & Hypothesis:ABSTRACT (English) Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the pre- and post-treatment clinical parameters of patients treated with stabilization splints for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) Materials and Methods: This retrospective clinical study included 30 patients treated with hard acrylic stabilization splints at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Başkent University Adana Turgut Noyan Research and Practice Hospital (Ethics Committee No: KA26/26).
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Key Findings & Data:Patients were categorized into three diagnostic groups based on clinical findings: arthralgia (n=17), myogenic TMD (n=8), and mixed TMD (n=5).
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Conclusion & Impact:Keywords: Temporomandibular disorder, stabilization splint, pain
🔬Design:Clinical Research
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:temporomandibular disorder · stabiliziation splint · pain

Abstract

ABSTRACT (English) Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the pre- and post-treatment clinical parameters of patients treated with stabilization splints for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) Materials and Methods: This retrospective clinical study included 30 patients treated with hard acrylic stabilization splints at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Başkent University Adana Turgut Noyan Research and Practice Hospital (Ethics Committee No: KA26/26). Patients were categorized into three diagnostic groups based on clinical findings: arthralgia (n=17), myogenic TMD (n=8), and mixed TMD (n=5). The primary outcome was the change in pain intensity measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), with maximum mouth opening (MMO), muscle, and joint tenderness assessed as secondary outcomes. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Fisher's exact test, and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Of the patients, 73.3% were female with a mean age of 30.0 ± 4.1 years. The mean VAS score decreased from 7.50 ± 1.04 at baseline to 2.57 ± 1.28 at final follow-up (p<0.0001). Mean VAS reduction was 65.3 ± 17.8%, and 93.3% of patients were classified as treatment responders (≥30% pain reduction). Maximum mouth opening increased from 29.5 ± 4.6 mm to 35.5 ± 1.8 mm (p<0.0001). Clinical improvement was observed in 68.0% of patients with muscle tenderness and 66.7% with TMJ tenderness. No statistically significant difference was found in VAS reduction among diagnostic groups (p=0.780). A moderate negative correlation was identified between symptom duration and VAS reduction (Spearman rho=−0.453, p=0.012). Conclusion: Stabilization splint therapy is an effective conservative treatment for reducing pain intensity and improving functional outcomes across different TMD subgroups. Keywords: Temporomandibular disorder, stabilization splint, pain

Özet

ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, temporomandibular rahatsızlık (TMR) ilişkili semptomlar nedeniyle stabilizasyon splinti uygulanan hastaların tedavi öncesi ve sonrası klinik parametrelerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif klinik çalışmaya, Başkent Üniversitesi Adana Turgut Noyan Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi Kliniği'ne başvuran ve sert akrilik stabilizasyon splinti uygulanan 30 hasta dahil edilmiştir (Etik Kurul No: D-KA26/26). Hastalar klinik bulgulara göre artralji (n=17), miyojenik TMB (n=8) ve mikst TMB (n=5) olmak üzere üç tanı grubuna ayrılmıştır. Primer sonuç ölçütü Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) ile değerlendirilen ağrı şiddetindeki değişim olup, maksimum ağız açıklığı (MAA), kas ve eklem hassasiyeti sekonder sonuç ölçütleri olarak incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel analizde Wilcoxon signed-rank testi, paired t-test, Kruskal-Wallis testi, Fisher's Exact testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların %73,3'ü kadın olup yaş ortalaması 30,0 ± 4,1 yıl idi. Başlangıç VAS skoru 7,50 ± 1,04'ten final kontrolde 2,57 ± 1,28'e geriledi (p<0,0001). Ortalama VAS azalması %65,3 ± 17,8 olup hastaların %93,3'ü ≥%30 ağrı azalması kriteri ile tedaviye yanıtlı olarak sınıflandırıldı. Maksimum ağız açıklığı 29,5 ± 4,6 mm'den 35,5 ± 1,8 mm'ye yükseldi (p<0,0001). Kas hassasiyeti olan hastaların %68,0'inde, TME hassasiyeti olan hastaların %66,7'sinde klinik düzelme saptandı. Tanı grupları arasında VAS azalma yüzdesi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p=0,780). Semptom süresi ile VAS azalma yüzdesi arasında orta düzeyde negatif korelasyon saptandı (Spearman rho=−0,453, p=0,012). Sonuç: Stabilizasyon splint tedavisi, farklı TMR alt gruplarında ağrı şiddetini azaltmada ve fonksiyonel iyileşme sağlamada etkili bir konservatif tedavi seçeneğidir.

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Cite This Article

Tamer, Y., Parmaksız, M. E. (2026). Clinical Effectiveness of Stabilization Splint Therapy in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Retrospective Observational Study. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume: 5 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.66702/ejoms.1970567

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