Journals / EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / 2026 / Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Reliability, Educational Quality, and Technical Completeness of YouTube Videos on Extraoral Approaches to the Temporomandibular Joint and Mandibular Condyle

Temporomandibular Eklem ve Mandibular Kondile Ekstraoral Yaklaşımlara İlişkin YouTube Videolarının Güvenilirliği, Eğitimsel Kalitesi ve Teknik Bütünlüğü

Aydın Onur Gerçek(HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL, DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL DISEASES)0000-0002-4424-706X
Salih Eren Meral(HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL, DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL DISEASES)0000-0002-5855-4570
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-09-27
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Objective: To evaluate the reliability, overall educational quality, and procedure-specific technical completeness of publicly available YouTube videos demonstrating extraoral surgical approaches to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular condyle, and to compare findings across approaches.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: To evaluate the reliability, overall educational quality, and procedure-specific technical completeness of publicly available YouTube videos demonstrating extraoral surgical approaches to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular condyle, and to compare findings across approaches.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: This cross-sectional content analysis screened the first 30 videos retrieved for each of four search terms: "preauricular approach," "Al-Kayat Bramley approach," "endaural approach TMJ," and "retromandibular approach." Eligible videos were independently evaluated by two investigators using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, Global Quality Score (GQS), and a newly developed 10-item Temporomandibular Joint Extraoral Approach Educational Score (TMJ-EAES), with videos depicting more than one approach assessed separately per approach (20 unique videos yielding 23 assessment entries).
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Conclusion & Impact:YouTube should therefore be used as a supplementary resource alongside structured surgical training and peer-reviewed references.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Temporomandibular Joint · YouTube · Education

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the reliability, overall educational quality, and procedure-specific technical completeness of publicly available YouTube videos demonstrating extraoral surgical approaches to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular condyle, and to compare findings across approaches. Methods: This cross-sectional content analysis screened the first 30 videos retrieved for each of four search terms: "preauricular approach," "Al-Kayat Bramley approach," "endaural approach TMJ," and "retromandibular approach." Eligible videos were independently evaluated by two investigators using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, Global Quality Score (GQS), and a newly developed 10-item Temporomandibular Joint Extraoral Approach Educational Score (TMJ-EAES), with videos depicting more than one approach assessed separately per approach (20 unique videos yielding 23 assessment entries). Scores were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn's test with Bonferroni correction. Results: Of 120 retrieved videos, 20 videos met the eligibility criteria and yielded 23 approach-specific assessment entries. Mean JAMA, GQS, and TMJ-EAES scores were 2.22 ± 0.85, 3.96 ± 0.71, and 6.22 ± 2.81, respectively. Interobserver agreement was excellent, with intraclass correlation coefficients of at least 0.87. JAMA and GQS scores did not differ significantly among approaches (p = 0.207 and p = 0.398, respectively). TMJ-EAES scores differed significantly (p = 0.027), with lower scores for the Al-Kayat Bramley approach than for the retromandibular approach (1.00 ± 1.73 versus 8.00 ± 1.41; adjusted p = 0.021). Conclusion: The videos showed relatively high GQS scores but only limited-to-moderate adherence to the JAMA benchmark criteria, and procedure-specific technical completeness varied across approaches, with lower scores observed among the limited number of Al-Kayat Bramley videos in this sample. YouTube should therefore be used as a supplementary resource alongside structured surgical training and peer-reviewed references.

Özet

Amaç: Temporomandibular eklem (TME) ve mandibular kondile ekstraoral cerrahi yaklaşımları gösteren, herkese açık YouTube videolarının güvenilirliğini, genel eğitimsel kalitesini ve prosedüre özgü teknik bütünlüğünü değerlendirmek ve bulguları yaklaşımlar arasında karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel içerik analizinde, dört arama terimi ("preauricular approach," "Al-Kayat Bramley approach," "endaural approach TMJ" ve "retromandibular approach") için getirilen ilk 30'ar video taranmıştır. Uygunluk kriterlerini karşılayan videolar, Amerikan Tıp Birliği Dergisi (JAMA) kriterleri, Global Kalite Skoru (GQS) ve yeni geliştirilen 10 maddelik Temporomandibular Eklem Ekstraoral Yaklaşım Eğitim Skoru (TMJ-EAES) kullanılarak iki araştırmacı tarafından bağımsız olarak değerlendirilmiş; birden fazla yaklaşım gösteren videolar her yaklaşım için ayrı değerlendirilmiştir (20 benzersiz videodan 23 değerlendirme kaydı elde edilmiştir). Skorlar Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Bonferroni düzeltmeli Dunn testi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Getirilen 120 videodan 20'si uygunluk kriterlerini karşılamış ve 23 yaklaşıma özgü değerlendirme kaydı elde edilmiştir. Ortalama JAMA, GQS ve TMJ-EAES skorları sırasıyla 2,22 ± 0,85, 3,96 ± 0,71 ve 6,22 ± 2,81 olarak bulunmuştur. Gözlemciler arası uyum, en az 0,87 sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı ile mükemmel düzeyde saptanmıştır. JAMA ve GQS skorları yaklaşımlar arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir (sırasıyla p = 0,207 ve p = 0,398). TMJ-EAES skorları anlamlı farklılık göstermiş (p = 0,027); Al-Kayat Bramley yaklaşımı retromandibular yaklaşıma kıyasla daha düşük skorlara sahip olmuştur (1,00 ± 1,73'e karşı 8,00 ± 1,41; düzeltilmiş p = 0,021). Sonuç: Videolar genel olarak nispeten yüksek GQS skorları göstermiş, ancak JAMA kriterlerine uyumu sınırlı-orta düzeyde kalmıştır; prosedüre özgü teknik bütünlük yaklaşımlar arasında farklılık göstermiş ve bu örneklemdeki sınırlı sayıdaki Al-Kayat Bramley videosunda daha düşük skorlar gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle YouTube, yapılandırılmış cerrahi eğitim ve hakemli kaynaklarla birlikte yalnızca tamamlayıcı bir kaynak olarak kullanılmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

Gerçek, A. O., Meral, S. E. (2026). Reliability, Educational Quality, and Technical Completeness of YouTube Videos on Extraoral Approaches to the Temporomandibular Joint and Mandibular Condyle. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume: 5 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.66702/ejoms.1986589

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