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Journals / Bozok Veterinary Sciences / 2026 / Sayı: 2026

Surgical Diseases, Anesthetic Management, and Pharmacological Treatment Strategies in Laboratory Rodents: Rats, Mice, and Hamsters – A Comprehensive Review

Laboratuvar Hayvanlarda Cerrahi Hastalıklar, Anestezik Yönetim ve Farmakolojik Tedavi Stratejileri: Rat, Fare ve Hamsterlerde Kapsamlı Bir Derleme

Nimet Kılıç(Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Aydın Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu)0000-0003-2149-388X
Nuh Kılıç(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-8452-161X
Seren Yiğit(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0007-2581-7227
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-06-22
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This review is intended to provide clinicians and researchers with a practical and evidence-based resource for the diagnosis and management of surgical diseases in laboratory rodents.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Laboratory rodents, particularly rats, mice, and hamsters, are among the most commonly used experimental animals worldwide and are increasingly maintained as companion animals.
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Key Findings & Data:Surgical diseases in small rodents present significant challenges for veterinarians because of their small body size, high metabolic rates, rapid physiological changes, and sensitivity to stress and anesthesia.
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Conclusion & Impact:This review is intended to provide clinicians and researchers with a practical and evidence-based resource for the diagnosis and management of surgical diseases in laboratory rodents.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:analjezi · anestezi · antimkrobiyel tedavi

Abstract

Laboratory rodents, particularly rats, mice, and hamsters, are among the most commonly used experimental animals worldwide and are increasingly maintained as companion animals. Due to their unique anatomical, physiological, and behavioral characteristics, these species require specialized clinical and surgical approaches. Surgical diseases in small rodents present significant challenges for veterinarians because of their small body size, high metabolic rates, rapid physiological changes, and sensitivity to stress and anesthesia. The present review aims to summarize the most frequently encountered surgical diseases in laboratory rodents, with particular emphasis on rats, mice, and hamsters. Important anatomical and physiological characteristics relevant to surgical practice are discussed together with restraint techniques, sample collection methods, anesthesia and analgesia protocols, and perioperative management. In addition, commonly encountered ophthalmic, dental, gastrointestinal, dermatological, reproductive, thoracic, and orthopedic disorders are comprehensively reviewed. Current diagnostic approaches and treatment options, including both medical and surgical interventions, are evaluated in light of contemporary veterinary literature. This review is intended to provide clinicians and researchers with a practical and evidence-based resource for the diagnosis and management of surgical diseases in laboratory rodents.

Özet

Laboratuvar hayvanları, özellikle rat, fare ve hamsterler, hem biyomedikal araştırmalarda deneysel model olarak yaygın kullanılmaları hem de evcil hayvan olarak giderek daha fazla tercih edilmeleri nedeniyle veteriner hekimlikte önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu türlerin anatomik, fizyolojik ve davranışsal özellikleri; tanı, anestezi, cerrahi girişim ve postoperatif bakım süreçlerinde özel yaklaşımlar gerektirmektedir. Küçük vücut yapıları, yüksek metabolizma hızları, sınırlı kan hacimleri ve strese duyarlılıkları nedeniyle cerrahi uygulamalar sırasında komplikasyon gelişme riski yüksektir. Bu derlemede rat, fare ve hamsterlerde sık karşılaşılan cerrahi hastalıklar ile güncel tedavi seçenekleri kapsamlı şekilde değerlendirilmiştir. Türlere özgü anatomi ve fizyolojik özellikler, tutma ve muayene teknikleri, örnek toplama yöntemleri, hematolojik ve biyokimyasal değerlendirmeler ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca inhalasyon ve enjeksiyon anestezisi, multimodal analjezi, perioperatif destek uygulamaları ve kemirgenlerde farmakolojik tedavi stratejileri ayrıntılı biçimde incelenmiştir. Özellikle antibiyotik kullanımı, kemirgen türleri arasındaki gastrointestinal flora farklılıkları ve enterotoksemi riskleri açısından değerlendirilmiş; güvenli ve kontrendike antibiyotikler, doz aralıkları, endikasyonlar ve olası advers etkiler detaylı olarak açıklanmıştır. Oftalmolojik hastalıklar, diş hastalıkları, apseler, prolapsuslar, deri tümörleri, ürogenital hastalıklar ve ortopedik olgular gibi sık görülen cerrahi patolojiler için tanısal ve terapötik yaklaşımlar güncel literatür ışığında sunulmuştur. Bu derlemenin, laboratuvar hayvanları ve egzotik hayvan hekimliği alanında çalışan veteriner hekimler, araştırmacılar ve lisansüstü öğrenciler için kapsamlı bir kaynak oluşturması amaçlanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

Kılıç, N., Kılıç, N., Yiğit, S. (2026). Surgical Diseases, Anesthetic Management, and Pharmacological Treatment Strategies in Laboratory Rodents: Rats, Mice, and Hamsters – A Comprehensive Review. Bozok Veterinary Sciences, Sayı: 2026. https://doi.org/10.58833/bozokvetsci.1950312

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