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Journals / Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1

Comparison Of Inflammatory Markers and Pressure Ulcer In Intensive Care Unit Patients With and Without Covid-19 Infection

COMPARISON OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AND PRESSURE INJURIES IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT COVID-19 INFECTION

Aysenur Ata(UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, İSTANBUL KARTAL DR. LÜTFİ KIRDAR HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER)0000-0002-4670-9731
Rabia Koca(UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, İSTANBUL KARTAL DR. LÜTFİ KIRDAR HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER)0000-0001-5681-9240
Kemal Tolga Saraçoğlu(Qatar University College of Medicine)0000-0002-6320-1403
Pages
45–54
Publication Date
2025-04-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusion: This study found that COVID-19 (+) patients had higher procalcitonin levels, lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages, and lower monocyte percentages with increasing pressure injury stages.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and pressure injuries in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with and without COVID-19 infection.
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Key Findings & Data:This research took place from April 2020 to February 2021 in a city hospital in Istanbul affiliated with the Turkish Ministry of Health.
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Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: This study found that COVID-19 (+) patients had higher procalcitonin levels, lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages, and lower monocyte percentages with increasing pressure injury stages.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Pressure injury · COVID-19 · infection

Abstract

aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and pressure injuries in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with and without COVID-19 infection. Material and Method: Conducted as a retrospective case-control study at a single center. This research took place from April 2020 to February 2021 in a city hospital in Istanbul affiliated with the Turkish Ministry of Health. Following the acquisition of ethical approval, the researchers assessed patients’ ICU records and laboratory findings. Results: This study found that the mean age of COVID-19 (+) patients was significantly higher compared to COVID-19 (-) patients. In this study, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most prevalent comorbidities in both groups. In the current study, the Braden risk scores of COVID-19 (+) patients were found to be lower compared to those of COVID-19 (-) patients. This study found that COVID-19 (+) patients had higher procalcitonin levels, lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages. COVID-19 (+) patients had a shorter ICU stay compared to COVID-19 (-) patients. The incidence of stage 1 pressure injuries was higher among COVID-19 (+) patients, while stage 3 pressure injuries and suspected tissue damage were more prevalent among COVID-19 (-) patients. Among COVID-19 (+) patients with stage 4 pressure injuries, monocyte levels were lower compared to those with stage 1- 2 injuries. Conclusion: This study found that COVID-19 (+) patients had higher procalcitonin levels, lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages, and lower monocyte percentages with increasing pressure injury stages.

Özet

İntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and pressure injuries in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with and without COVID-19 infection. Material and Method: Conducted as a retrospective case-control study at a single center. This research took place from April 2020 to February 2021 in a city hospital in Istanbul affiliated with the Turkish Ministry of Health. Following the acquisition of ethical approval, the researchers assessed patients’ ICU records and laboratory findings. Results: This study found that the mean age of COVID-19 (+) patients was significantly higher compared to COVID-19 (-) patients. In this study, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most prevalent comorbidities in both groups. In the current study, the Braden risk scores of COVID-19 (+) patients were found to be lower compared to those of COVID-19 (-) patients. This study found that COVID-19 (+) patients had higher procalcitonin levels, lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages. COVID-19 (+) patients had a shorter ICU stay compared to COVID-19 (-) patients. The incidence of stage 1 pressure injuries was higher among COVID-19 (+) patients, while stage 3 pressure injuries and suspected tissue damage were more prevalent among COVID-19 (-) patients. Among COVID-19 (+) patients with stage 4 pressure injuries, monocyte levels were lower compared to those with stage 1- 2 injuries. Conclusion: This study found that COVID-19 (+) patients had higher procalcitonin levels, lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages, and lower monocyte percentages with increasing pressure injury stages. Keywords: Pressure injury, COVID-19, infection, Braden risk score, infection parameters

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Cite This Article

Ata, A., Koca, R., Saraçoğlu, K. T. (2025). Comparison Of Inflammatory Markers and Pressure Ulcer In Intensive Care Unit Patients With and Without Covid-19 Infection. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 45–54. https://doi.org/10.62111/ybhd.1619820

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