SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Turkish Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics / 2025 / Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

A Feasibility Study on the Direct Imaging of Exoplanets with the DAG Telescope

DAG Teleskobu ile Ötegezegenlerin Doğrudan Görüntülenmesi Üzerine Bir Öngörü Çalışması

Seda Kaptan(İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, ASTRONOMİ VE UZAY BİLİMLERİ (DR))0000-0003-0873-0983
Sinan Aliş(İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN FAKÜLTESİ, ASTRONOMİ VE UZAY BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0002-6990-8899
Özgür Baştürk(ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN FAKÜLTESİ, ASTRONOMİ VE UZAY BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0002-4746-0181
Pages
28–49
Publication Date
2025-12-31
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Among those 356 systems, 21 were identified as suitable for direct imaging with the DAG Telescope.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The 4-meter DAG Telescope, recently installed at the Eastern Anatolian Observatory, is equipped with a coronagraph, an instrument employed only on a few telescopes worldwide.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Planet-to-host star contrast ratios were calculated for 356 of the 685 systems compiled from reliable exoplanet catalogs.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Among those 356 systems, 21 were identified as suitable for direct imaging with the DAG Telescope.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:exoplanets · techniques: high angular resolution · instrumentation: adaptive optics

Abstract

The 4-meter DAG Telescope, recently installed at the Eastern Anatolian Observatory, is equipped with a coronagraph, an instrument employed only on a few telescopes worldwide. Direct imaging observations, coupled with the telescope's adaptive optics correction, will allow the identification of planets, brown dwarfs, or stellar components around stars. In this study, contrast ratios of known planetary systems with orbital periods longer than one year were computed in order to determine the systems suitable for direct imaging observations with the PLACID instrument which is going to be operational at the diffraction limited focus of the telescope. The method for these calculations was tested with a directly imaged control sample compiled from the literature. Planet-to-host star contrast ratios were calculated for 356 of the 685 systems compiled from reliable exoplanet catalogs. Among those 356 systems, 21 were identified as suitable for direct imaging with the DAG Telescope.

Özet

Doğu Anadolu Gözlemevi'nde kurulumu tamamlanmış olan 4m'lik DAG Teleskobu dünyada yalnızca birkaç teleskopta bulunan koronografla donatılmış durumdadır. Doğrudan görüntüleme tekniği ile yapılacak gözlemler, teleskobun adaptif optik düzeltmesinin de yardımıyla yıldızların etrafında gezegen, kahverengi cüce veya yıldız bileşenlerinin belirlenmesine olanak tanıyacaktır. Bu çalışmada bilinen ötegezegen sistemlerinden yörünge periyodu bir yıldan büyük olan sistemlerin kontrast değerleri hesaplanmaya çalışılmış ve DAG Teleskobunun kırınım sınırlı odağında çalışacak olan PLACID koronografıyla görüntülenebilecek olan sistemler belirlenmiştir. Hesaplamaların doğruluğu literatürden derlenen doğrudan görüntülenmiş bir kontrol örneklemi ile test edilmiştir. Güvenilir ötegezegen kataloglarından derlenen 685 sistemden 356'sının gezegen/barınak yıldız kontrast oranı hesaplanabilmiştir. Kontrast değerleri elde edilen 356 sistemden 21'inin DAG Teleskobu ile görüntülenebileceği tespit edilmiştir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Kaptan, S., Aliş, S., Baştürk, Ö. (2025). A Feasibility Study on the Direct Imaging of Exoplanets with the DAG Telescope. Turkish Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 28–49. https://doi.org/10.55064/tjaa.1751792

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (107)

  1. Ahn K., ve dig., 2023, A&A, 673, A29
  2. Alis S., Kaptan S., Bastürk Ö., Yesilyaprak C., 2024, in EAS2024,European Astronomical Society Annual Meeting. p. 249
  3. Allard F., 2014, in Booth M., Matthews B. C., Graham J. R., eds, IAU Symposium Vol. 299, Exploring the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems. pp 271–272, doi:10.1017/S1743921313008545
  4. Arras P., Bildsten L., 2006, ApJ, 650, 394
  5. Balbay R., Tugrul Tezcan C., Shaemoni Niaei M., Satır O., Yesilyaprak C., 2020, in Pizzo R., Deul E. R., Mol J. D., dePlaa J., Verkouter H., eds, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series Vol. 527, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXIX. p. 567
  6. Baraffe I., Chabrier G., Barman T. S., Allard F., Hauschildt P. H., 2003, A&A, 402, 701
  7. Bayo A., Rodrigo C., Barrado Y Navascués D., Solano E., Gutiérrez R., Morales-Calderón M., Allard F., 2008, A&A, 492, 277
  8. Bear E., Soker N., 2014, MNRAS, 444, 1698
  9. Beichman C., ve dig., 2025, AJ, 169, 17
  10. Bessell M. S., Castelli F., Plez B., 1998, A&A, 333, 231, ADS
  11. Best W. M. J., Liu M. C., Dupuy T. J., Magnier E. A., 2017, ApJ, 843, L4
  12. Beuzit J. L., ve dig., 2019, A&A, 631, A155
  13. Biller B. A., ve dig., 2010, ApJ, 720, L82
  14. Bohn A. J., ve dig., 2021, A&A, 648, A73
  15. Bonavita M., ve dig., 2022, MNRAS, 513, 5588
  16. Bonnefoy M., ve dig., 2013, A&A, 555, A107
  17. Boss A. P., 1997, Science, 276, 1836
  18. Bowler B. P., Liu M. C., Shkolnik E. L., Dupuy T. J., 2013, ApJ, 774, 55
  19. Cameron A. G. W., 1978, Structure and evolution of giant gaseous protoplanets., Reports of planetary geology program, 1977 - 1978, p. 13 - 15
  20. Carson J., ve dig., 2013, ApJ, 763, L32
  21. Castelli F., Kurucz R. L., 2003, in Piskunov N., Weiss W. W., Gray D. F., eds, IAU Symposium Vol. 210, Modelling of Stellar Atmospheres. p. A20 (arXiv:astro-ph/0405087), doi:10.48550/arXiv.astro-ph/0405087
  22. Chauvin G., 2018, in Close L. M., Schreiber L., Schmidt D., eds, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series Vol. 10703, Adaptive Optics Systems VI. p. 1070305 (arXiv:1808.02454), doi:10.1117/12.2314273
  23. Chauvin G., Lagrange A. M., Dumas C., Zuckerman B., Mouillet D., Song I., Beuzit J. L., Lowrance P., 2004, A&A, 425, L29
  24. Chauvin G., ve dig., 2017, A&A, 605, L9
  25. Cheetham A., ve dig., 2018, A&A, 615, A160
  26. Choi J., Dotter A., Conroy C., Cantiello M., Paxton B., Johnson B. D., 2016, ApJ, 823, 102
  27. Cugno G., ve dig., 2019, A&A, 622, A156
  28. Currie T., ve dig., 2020, ApJ, 904, L25
  29. Currie T., ve dig., 2022, Nature Astronomy, 6, 751
  30. Currie T., ve dig., 2023a, Science, 380, 198
  31. Currie T., Biller B., Lagrange A., Marois C., Guyon O., Nielsen E. L., Bonnefoy M., De Rosa R. J., 2023b, in Inutsuka S., Aikawa Y., Muto T., Tomida K., Tamura M., eds, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series Vol. 534, Protostars and Planets VII. p. 799 (arXiv:2205.05696), doi:10.48550/arXiv.2205.05696
  32. Dalcanton J., ve dig., 2015, preprint, (arXiv:1507.04779)
  33. Davies R., Kasper M., 2012, ARA&A, 50, 305
  34. De Rosa R. J., Nielsen E. L., Wahhaj Z., Ruffio J.-B., Kalas P. G., Peck A. E., Hirsch L. A., Roberson W., 2023, A&A, 672, A94
  35. Dotter A., 2016, ApJS, 222, 8
  36. Dupuy T. J., Liu M. C., Ireland M. J., 2009, ApJ, 699, 168
  37. Esposito S., ve dig., 2013, A&A, 549, A52
  38. Farinato J., ve dig., 2018, preprint, (arXiv:1808.00364)
  39. Fontanive C., ve dig., 2020, ApJ, 905, L14
  40. Foreman-Mackey D., Hogg D. W., Lang D., Goodman J., 2013, PASP, 125, 306
  41. Gaidos E., ve dig., 2022, MNRAS, 512, 583
  42. Geißler K., Metchev S. A., Pham A., Larkin J. E., McElwain M., Hillenbrand L. A., 2012, ApJ, 746, 44
  43. Goldman B., Marsat S., Henning T., Clemens C., Greiner J., 2010, MNRAS, 405, 1140
  44. Goldreich P., Ward W. R., 1973, ApJ, 183, 1051
  45. Guyon O., 2018, ARA&A, 56, 315
  46. Hauschildt P. H., Baron E., 1999, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 109, 41
  47. Hayashi C., Nakazawa K., Nakagawa Y., 1985, in Black D. C., Matthews M. S., eds, Protostars and Planets II. pp 1100–1153
  48. Hinkley S., ve dig., 2011, PASP, 123, 74
  49. Husser T. O., Wende-von Berg S., Dreizler S., Homeier D., Reiners A., Barman T., Hauschildt P. H., 2013, A&A, 553, A6
  50. Jensen-Clem R., ve dig., 2016, ApJ, 820, 111
  51. Johnson-Groh M., ve dig., 2017, AJ, 153, 190
  52. Jovanovic N., ve dig., 2015, PASP, 127, 890
  53. Keppler M., ve dig., 2018, A&A, 617, A44
  54. Keskin O., Jolissaint L., Bouxin A., Yesilyaprak C., 2020, in Schreiber L., Schmidt D., Vernet E., eds, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series Vol. 11448, Adaptive Optics Systems VII. p. 114481P, doi:10.1117/12.2560528
  55. Keskin O., Jolissaint L., Bouxin A., Yesilyaprak C., 2022, in Schreiber L., Schmidt D., Vernet E., eds, Society of Photo- Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series Vol. 12185, Adaptive Optics Systems VIII. p. 121851W, doi:10.1117/12.2630893
  56. Konopacky Q. M., ve dig., 2016, ApJ, 829, L4
  57. Kostov V. B., ve dig., 2016, ApJ, 827, 86
  58. Kraus A. L., Ireland M. J., Cieza L. A., Hinkley S., Dupuy T. J., Bowler B. P., Liu M. C., 2014, ApJ, 781, 20
  59. Kühn J., ve dig., 2018, in Evans C. J., Simard L., Takami H., eds, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series Vol. 10702, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII. p. 1070242 (arXiv:1808.00585), doi:10.1117/12.2313448
  60. Kühn J. G., Jolissaint L., Bouxin A., Patapis P., 2021, preprint, (arXiv:2102.03201)
  61. Kühn J. G., ve dig., 2024, in Bryant J. J., Motohara K., Vernet J. R. D., eds, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series Vol. 13096, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X. p. 130961M, doi:10.1117/12.3018830
  62. Kuiper G. P., 1951, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 37, 383
  63. Kurucz R., 1993, Robert Kurucz CD-ROM, 13, ADS
  64. Lagrange A. M., ve dig., 2010, Science, 329, 57
  65. Lin L., Potier A., Tandon R., Jolissaint L., Baur A., Õztürk Çetni D., Kühn J., 2024, in European Planetary Science Congress. pp EPSC2024–940, doi:10.5194/epsc2024-940
  66. Liu M. C., ve dig., 2011, ApJ, 740, 108
  67. Liu M. C., Dupuy T. J., Bowler B. P., Leggett S. K., Best W. M. J., 2012, ApJ, 758, 57
  68. Luhman K. L., ve dig., 2006, ApJ, 649, 894
  69. Luhman K. L., Mamajek E. E., Allen P. R., Muench A. A., Finkbeiner D. P., 2009, ApJ, 691, 1265
  70. Macintosh B., ve dig., 2015, Science, 350, 64
  71. Mai X., Mutel R. L., 2022, MNRAS, 513, 2478
  72. Maire A. L., ve dig., 2021, The Messenger, 183, 7
  73. Mamajek E. E., ve dig., 2015, preprint, (arXiv:1510.07674)
  74. Marley M. S., Fortney J. J., Hubickyj O., Bodenheimer P., Lissauer J. J., 2007, ApJ, 655, 541
  75. Marois C., Lafrenière D., Doyon R., Macintosh B., Nadeau D., 2006, ApJ, 641, 556
  76. Marois C., Lafrenière D., Macintosh B., Doyon R., 2008, ApJ, 673, 647
  77. Matthews E. C., ve dig., 2024, Nature, 633, 789
  78. Meshkat T., ve dig., 2013, ApJ, 775, L40
  79. Miller N., Fortney J. J., 2011, ApJ, 736, L29
  80. Monnier J. D., ve dig., 2012, ApJ, 761, L3
  81. Müller S., Helled R., 2021, MNRAS, 507, 2094
  82. Müller S., Helled R., 2023, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 10, 1179000
  83. Müller S., Baron J., Helled R., Bouchy F., Parc L., 2024, A&A, 686, A296
  84. N’Diaye M., ve dig., 2016, A&A, 592, A79
  85. Nielsen E. L., ve dig., 2012, ApJ, 750, 53
  86. Nikouravan B., 2021, International Journal of Fundamental Physical Sciences, 11, 17
  87. Oppenheimer B. R., ve dig., 2008, ApJ, 679, 1574
  88. Otegi J. F., Bouchy F., Helled R., 2020, A&A, 634, A43
  89. Paxton B., Bildsten L., Dotter A., Herwig F., Lesaffre P., Timmes F., 2011, ApJS, 192, 3
  90. Pollack J. B., Hubickyj O., Bodenheimer P., Lissauer J. J., Podolak M., Greenzweig Y., 1996, Icarus, 124, 62
  91. Radigan J., Jayawardhana R., Lafrenière D., Dupuy T. J., Liu M. C., Scholz A., 2013, ApJ, 778, 36
  92. Ramirez S., Akeson R. L., Ciardi D., Kane S. R., Plavchan P., von Braun K., NASA Exoplanet Archive Team 2013, in American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts #221. p. 334.01
  93. Rein H., 2012, preprint, (arXiv:1211.7121)
  94. Reiners A., Seifahrt A., Dreizler S., 2010, A&A, 513, L9
  95. Safronov V. S., 1969, Evoliutsiia doplanetnogo oblaka. Academy of Sciences of the USSR
  96. Schneider J., Dedieu C., Le Sidaner P., Savalle R., Zolotukhin I., 2011, A&A, 532, A79
  97. Tandon R., Lin L., Potier A., Jolissaint L., Baur A., Öztürk Çetni D., Kühn J. G., 2024, in Bryant J. J., Motohara K., Vernet J. R. D., eds, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series Vol. 13096, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X. p. 130963F, doi:10.1117/12.3018836
  98. Tezcan C. T., Satır O., 2025, Turkish Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 6, 111–113
  99. Tezcan F., Bastürk Ö., Yesilyaprak C., Alis S., 2025, Contributions of the Astronomical Observatory Skalnate Pleso, 55, 512
  100. Thorngren D. P., Fortney J. J., 2018, AJ, 155, 214
  101. Todorov K., Luhman K. L., McLeod K. K., 2010, ApJ, 714, L84
  102. Ubeira Gabellini M. G., van den Ancker M., Fedele D., Lodato G., Manara C. F., 2019, Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society, 3, 61
  103. Vines J. I., Jenkins J. S., 2022, MNRAS, 513, 2719
  104. Wagner K., Apai D., Kasper M., McClure M., Robberto M., Currie T., 2020, ApJ, 902, L6
  105. Ward-Duong K., ve dig., 2021, AJ, 161, 5
  106. Ygouf M., Mugnier L. M., Mouillet D., Fusco T., Beuzit J. L., 2013, A&A, 551, A138
  107. Safronov V. S., 1969, Evoliutsiia doplanetnogo oblaka. Academy of Sciences of the USSR