SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences / 2024 / Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Stereological Examination of Parietal and Temporal Regions of the Brain in Rats Induced with Epilepsy with Pentylenetetrazole

Pentilentetrazol ile Epilepsi Oluşturulan Sıçanlarda Beynin Parietal ve Temporal Bölgelerinin Stereolojik İncelenmesi

Veysel Akyol(Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi)0000-0002-6355-441X
Gamze Çakmak(Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi)0000-0002-3970-3040
Pages
187–200
Publication Date
2024-12-25
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

However, when evaluated according to groups, a significant difference was obtained in the volume ratio values, the grey matter volume/total lobus parietalis and the grey matter volume/total lobus temporalis ratio (p<0.05).

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The aim of this study was to investigate the parietal and temporal regions of the brain stereologically after epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). 20 healthy male Wistar Albino rats, 3 months old, weighing approximately 250 gr, were chosen for the study.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The rats were divided into PTZ and control groups, 10 in each group. 80 mg/kg PTZ was mixed into 0.5 ml of 0.9% physiological saline and administered intraperitoneally as a single dose injection to the PTZ group.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:However, when evaluated according to groups, a significant difference was obtained in the volume ratio values, the grey matter volume/total lobus parietalis and the grey matter volume/total lobus temporalis ratio (p<0.05).
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Epilepsi · Parietal lob · Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the parietal and temporal regions of the brain stereologically after epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). 20 healthy male Wistar Albino rats, 3 months old, weighing approximately 250 gr, were chosen for the study. The rats were divided into PTZ and control groups, 10 in each group. 80 mg/kg PTZ was mixed into 0.5 ml of 0.9% physiological saline and administered intraperitoneally as a single dose injection to the PTZ group. Behavioral changes specified in six stages were determined by following the Racine scale within a 30-minute observation period. After perfusion, the rats’ brains were removed. After tissue tracking, an average of 10 sections were obtained for each animal, with a thickness of 1/75 of 5µm. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. The preparations were photographed with a 1.25 objective. For each brain tissue, the total lobus parietalis, lobus temporalis, the grey matter volume and the total number of neurons in the lobus parietalis and lobus temporalis were calculated. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis (IBM SPSS for Windows, ver.25) No statistically significant difference could be detected in the total lobus parietalis, lobus temporalis and the grey matter volume, volume values of the brain and the number of neurons determined between the groups (p>0.05). However, when evaluated according to groups, a significant difference was obtained in the volume ratio values, the grey matter volume/total lobus parietalis and the grey matter volume/total lobus temporalis ratio (p<0.05).

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, pentilentetrazol (PTZ) ile oluşturulan epilepsi sonrası beynin pariyetal ve temporal bölgelerini stereolojik olarak incelemektir. Çalışma için yaklaşık 250 gr ağırlığında, 3 aylık, 20 adet sağlıklı erkek Wistar Albino sıçan seçildi. Sıçanlar her grupta 10 adet olacak şekilde PTZ ve kontrol gruplarına ayrıldı. 80 mg/kg PTZ, 0.5 ml %0.9 fizyolojik salin içerisine karıştırıldı ve PTZ grubuna tek doz enjeksiyon halinde intraperitoneal olarak uygulandı. Altı aşamada belirlenen davranış değişiklikleri, 30 dakikalık gözlem süresi içerisinde Racine skalası takip edilerek belirlendi. Perfüzyonun ardından sıçanların beyinleri çıkarıldı. Doku takibi sonrasında her hayvan için 1/75 5 µm kalınlığında ortalama 10 adet kesit elde edildi. Kesitler Hematoksilen-Eozin ile boyanarak 1.25 objektifle fotoğraflandı. Her beyin dokusu için lobus parietalis, lobus temporalis, gri madde hacmi ve lobus parietalis ve lobus temporalis'teki toplam nöron sayısı hesaplandı. İstatistiksel analizde Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı (IBM SPSS for Windows, ver.25).Lobus parietalis, lobus temporalis ve beyindeki gri madde hacmi, hacim değerleri ve gruplar arasında nöron sayısı değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. (p>0.05). Ancak gruplara göre değerlendirildiğinde hacim oranı değerlerinde yani gri madde hacmi/toplam lobus parietalis ve gri madde hacmi/toplam lobus temporalis oranında anlamlı farklılık elde edildi (p<0.05).

🔖

Cite This Article

Akyol, V., Çakmak, G. (2024). Stereological Examination of Parietal and Temporal Regions of the Brain in Rats Induced with Epilepsy with Pentylenetetrazole. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 187–200. https://doi.org/10.53518/mjavl.1520971

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (31)

  1. Adanir, S. S. (2019). The evaluation of brain volume development in children with epilepsy on the magnetic rezonans imaging by stereological method (Master thesis), Gaziantep University, Health Sciences Institute, Gaziantep.
  2. Bartzokis, G., Beckson, M., Lu, P. H., Nuechterlein, K. H., Edwards, N., & Mintzet, J. (2001). Age related changes in frontal and temporal lobe volumes in men: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(5), 461-465. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.461
  3. Bonilha, L., Rorden, C., Castellano, G., Pereira, F., Rio, P. A., Cendes, F., & Li, L. M. (2004). Voxel-based morphometry reveals gray matter network atrophy in refractory medial temporal lobe. Archives of Neurology, 61(9), 379-1384. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01485.x
  4. Buckmaster, P. S., & Dudek, F. E. (1997). Neuron loss, granule cell axon reorganization, and functional changes in the dentate gyrus of epileptic kainate-treated rats. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 385(3), 385-404. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970901)385:3 3.0.CO;2-%23
  5. Canan, S., Sahin, B., Odaci, E., Unal, B., Aslan, H., Bilgic, S., & Kaplan, S. (2002). Estimation of the reference volume, volume density and volume ratios by a stereological method: Cavalieri's Principle. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 22, 7-14.
  6. Cetindag Ciltas, A., Ozdemir, E., Gumus, E., Taskiran, A. S., Gunes, H., & Arslan, G. (2021). The anticonvulsant effects of alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. Neurochemical Research, 47(2), 305-314. doi:10.1007/s11064-021-03445-4
  7. Courchesne, E., Chisum, H. J., Townsend, J., Cowles, A., Covington, J., Egaas, B., Harwood, M., Hinds, S., & Press GA. (2000). Normal brain development and aging: quantitative analysis at in vivo MR imaging in healthy volunteers. Radiology, 216(3), 672-682. doi: 10.1148/radiology.216.3.r00au37672
  8. Cakmak, G., Karadag, H. (2019). A Morphological and stereological study on calculation volume values of thoracic segments of geese. Folia Morphologica, 78(1), 145-152. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2018.0115
  9. Falco-Waltera, J. J., Schefferb, I. E., & Fisher, R. S. (2018). The new definition and classification of seizures and epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 139, 73-79. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.11.015
  10. Fisher, R. S., Boas, W. E., Blume, W., Elger, C., Genton, P., Lee, P., & Engel, J. Jr. (2005). Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: definitions proposed by the international league against epilepsy (ILAE) and the international bureau for epilepsy (IBE). Epilepsia, 46(4), 470-472. doi: 10.1111/j.0013-9580.2005.66104.x
  11. Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., Paus, T., Evans, A. C., & Rapoport, J. L. (1999). Brain development during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal MRI study. Nature Neuroscience, 2(10), 861-863. doi: 10.1038/13158
  12. Hagemann, G., Lemieux, L., Free, S. K., Krakow, K., Everitt, A. D., Kendall, B. E., Stevens, J. M., & Shorvon, S. D. (2002). Cerebellar volumes in newly diagnosed and chronic epilepsy. Journal of Neurology, 249, 1651-1658. doi: 10.1007/s00415-002-0843-9
  13. Jernigan, T. L., Archibald, S. L., Fennema-Notestine, C., Gamst, A. C., Stout, J. C., Bonner, J., & Hesselink, J. R. (2001). Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum. Neurobiology Aging, 22(4), 581-594. doi: 10.1016/S0197-4580(01)00217-2
  14. Kaplan, S., Canan, S., Şahin, B., & Ünal, B. (1997). Stereolojik Metotlar ve Uygulamaları Kursu Notları, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Türkiye.
  15. Keloglan, S., Tasci, N., Kaplan, S., & Marangoz, C. (2017). Assesment of superior colliculus with a stereological method in audiogenic epilepsy-prone wistar rats epilepsi. Archives of Epilepsy, 23(1), 7-12. doi: 10.14744/epilepsi.2016.48802
  16. Kurkcuoglu, A., Zagyapan, R., & Pelin, C. (2010). Stereological evaluation of temporal lobe/telencephalon volume in temporal lobe epilepsy using the Cavalieri Principle. Turkish Neurosurgery,. 20(3), 358-363. doi: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.3146-10.0
  17. Mcdonald, R. L., & Barker, J. L. (1978). Different actions of anticonvulsant and anhestetic barbiturates revealed by use of cultured mammalian neurons. Science, 200(4343), 775-777. doi: 10.1126/science.205953
  18. McNamara, J. O. (1999). Emerging insights into the genesis of epilepsy. Nature, 399(6738 Suppl), 415-422. doi: 10.1038/399a015
  19. Oguz, E. O., Conkur, E. S., & Sari, M. (2007). Shtereom I Simple Windows ® Based Software for stereology. Volume and number estimations. Image Analysis and Stereology, 26(1), 45-50. doi: 10.5566/ias.v26.p45-50
  20. Onat, F., Van Luijtelaar, G., Nehlig, A. O., & Snead III, C. (2013). The involvement of limbic structures in typical and atypical absence epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 103(2-3), 111-123. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.08.008
  21. Pardoe, H. R., Cole, J. H., Blackmon, K., Thesen, T., Kuzniecky, R., & Investigators H. E. P. (2017). Structural brain changes in medically refractory focal epilepsy resemble premature brain aging. Epilepsy Research, 133, 28-32. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.03.007
  22. Paredes, G. S., Otero, R. S., & Alvers, E. M. (1989). Experimental spike and wave discharges induced by pentylenetetrazole and tolerance to repeated injections: an electrophysiological and biochemical study. Epilepsy Research, 4(2), 139-146. doi: 10.1016/0920-1211(89)90018-1
  23. Racine, R. J. (1972). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation: II. Motor seizure. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 32(3), 281-294. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(72)90177-0
  24. Ragbetli, M. C., Aydinlioglu, A., Koyun, N., Yayici, R., & Arslan, K. (2010). Total neuron numbers in CA1-4 sectors of the dog hippocampus. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 131, 780-785.
  25. Rehimli, T. (2013). The expression of group 1 metabotroptic glutamate receptors and the effect of levetiracetam on it in intrahippocampal kainic acid injection epilepsy model. (Master Thesis). Hacettepe University, Health Sciences Institute, Ankara.
  26. Renger, J. M. (2016). The Code of Hammurabi the Encyclopaedia Britannica. http://www.1.umn.edu/humanarts/. Access date: 12/01/2020.
  27. Sikandar, A., Cheema, A. H., Younus, M., & Zaneb, H. (2013). Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis multibacillary infection (Johne’s disease) in a Teddy goat. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 33(2), 260-262.
  28. Sonat, A. F., & Balci, F. (2010). The Effect of topiramate on neurons in epilepsy which is created with pilocarpin in rats. Uludag University Journal of Veterinary Medicine Research 29(2), 1-7.
  29. Uslu, F. İ., & Kulaksızoğlu, I. B. 2018. Epilepsi ve Psikoz. In: Bora, İ. H., Yeni, N., Gürses, C., editors. Epilepsi. (2nd Ed.) Istanbul, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  30. Willoughby, J. O., Mackenzie, L., Medvedev, A., & Hiscock, J. J. (1997). Fos induction following systemic kainic acid: Early expression in hippocampus and later widespread expression correlated with seizure. Neuroscience, 77(2), 379-392. doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(96)00462-9
  31. Yetismis, M. R. (2008). The effects of experimental brain damage ınduced by epilepsy model on the behaviour of basal cells in the subventricular zone, olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa. (Master Thesis). Celal Bayar University, Health Sciences Institute, Manisa.