Journals / Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care / 2026 / Volume: 6 Issue: 5

Hearing loss and associated risk factors in newborns with meconium aspiration syndrome: a single-center retrospective comparative cross-sectional study

Mekonyum aspirasyon sendromu tanılı yenidoğanlarda işitme kaybı sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörler: tek merkezli retrospektif karşılaştırmalı kesitsel bir çalışma

Abdulgani Gülyüz(MALATYA TURGUT ÖZAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-5797-9115
Nuriye Aslı Melekoğlu(MALATYA TURGUT OZAL UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-3491-2337
Yasin Özdemir(Malatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi)0009-0002-8855-6320
Pages
—
Publication Date
2025-10-24
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Hearing screening before discharge and careful use of ototoxic medications are recommended, while lifelong follow-up suggestions should be confirmed by larger prospective studies.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in newborns diagnosed with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and to evaluate potential risk factors.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Methods: A retrospective, comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024, at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Malatya Training and Research Hospital.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Hearing screening before discharge and careful use of ototoxic medications are recommended, while lifelong follow-up suggestions should be confirmed by larger prospective studies.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2022 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Meconium aspiration syndrome · hearing loss · newborn

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in newborns diagnosed with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and to evaluate potential risk factors. Methods: A retrospective, comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024, at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Malatya Training and Research Hospital. The study included 91 newborns diagnosed with MAS and 14.998 newborns in the control group. All cases were screened using automated auditory brainstem response (ABR) in accordance with the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (2019) guidelines. Hearing loss was diagnosed based on clinical brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) at ≥60 dB HL. The groups were compared in terms of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables. Results: The rate of permanent hearing loss was 2.17% (n=2) in the MAS group and 0.40% (n=60) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (OR: 5.57; 95% CI: 1.31–23.61; p=0.054). The use of furosemide was higher in infants with hearing loss in the MAS group (OR: 28.67; p=0.086). No significant association was found between hyperbilirubinemia history and mechanical ventilation use and hearing loss. Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss in newborns with MAS appeared higher than in the general population. However, the very small number of cases limits the statistical power of our study. These findings should therefore be interpreted as preliminary and hypothesis-generating. Hearing screening before discharge and careful use of ototoxic medications are recommended, while lifelong follow-up suggestions should be confirmed by larger prospective studies.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, mekonyum aspirasyon sendromu (MAS) tanısı alan yenidoğanlarda işitme kaybı prevalansını belirlemek ve olası risk faktörlerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem:1 Ocak 2022 – 31 Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında Malatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi’nde yürütülen retrospektif, karşılaştırmalı kesitsel çalışmaya MAS tanılı 91 yenidoğan ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan 14.998 yenidoğan dâhil edildi. Tüm olgular, Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (2019) kılavuzuna uygun şekilde Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) ile tarandı. İşitme kaybı tanısı, klinik Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) ile ≥60 dB HL eşiğine göre konuldu. Gruplar demografik, klinik ve tedavi değişkenleri açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: MAS grubunda kalıcı işitme kaybı oranı %2,17 (n=2) iken kontrol grubunda %0,40 (n=60) olarak saptandı. Aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık sınırındaydı (OR: 5,57; %95 GA: 1,31–23,61; p=0,054). MAS grubunda işitme kaybı olan bebeklerde furosemid kullanımı daha yüksekti (OR: 28,67; p=0,086). Hiperbilirubinemi öyküsü ve mekanik ventilasyon kullanımı ile işitme kaybı arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmadı. Sonuç: MAS tanılı yenidoğanlarda işitme kaybı prevalansı genel popülasyona göre yüksektir. Bu nedenle MAS olgularında taburculuk öncesi işitme taramasının eksiksiz yapılması, ototoksik ilaç kullanımında dikkatli olunması ve riskli bebeklerin yaşam boyu işitme takibinin planlanması önerilmektedir. Daha geniş örneklemli prospektif çalışmalar, MAS ve işitme kaybı ilişkisine dair kanıt düzeyini güçlendirecektir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Gülyüz, A., Melekoğlu, N. A., Özdemir, Y. (2025). Hearing loss and associated risk factors in newborns with meconium aspiration syndrome: a single-center retrospective comparative cross-sectional study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, Volume: 6 Issue: 5. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1766697

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (24)

  1. Dini G, Cavigioli F. Meconium aspiration syndrome: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Children (Basel). 2024;11(1):57. doi:10.3390/children11010057
  2. Monfredini C, Cavallin F, Villani PE, Paterlini G, Allais B, Trevisanuto D. Meconium aspiration syndrome: a narrative review. Children (Basel). 2021;8(3):230. doi:10.3390/children8030230
  3. Luo L, Zhang M, Tang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of meconium aspiration syndrome in neonates with different gestational ages and the risk factors for neurological injury and death: a 9-year cohort study. Front Pediatr. 2023;11:1110891. doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1110891
  4. Moin K, Raza AB, Nawaz N. Meconium aspiration syndrome: overview of the literature. Tungs’ Med J. 2024;18(1):6-14. doi:10.4103/tmj.tmj_84_23
  5. Ghotbeddin Z. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid and neonatal outcomes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020;20:198. doi:10.1186/s12884-020-02889-y
  6. Vain NE. Meconium aspiration syndrome: an update. Neonatology. 2022;119(3):283–294. doi:10.1159/000521799
  7. Peterson J, Muddiman L, Groves F, et al. A national survey of first line antibiotic use in neonatal units-and the potential scope for iatrogenic sensorineural hearing loss prevention. Front Pediatr. 2024;12:1471463. doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1471463
  8. McDermott JH, Mahaveer A, James RA, et al. Rapid point-of-care genotyping to avoid aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity in neonatal intensive care. JAMA Pediatr. 2022;176(5):486-492. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.0187
  9. Çelik T. Antibiotic use in neonatal intensive care units in Turkey. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2022;57(2):165–171. doi:10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21385
  10. Iacobelli S, Lorrain S, Rabe E, Gouyon B, Gouyon JB, Bonsante F. Diuretic drug utilization in neonates: a French prescription database analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15:1358761. doi:10.3389/fphar.2024. 1358761
  11. Rivetti S, Romano A, Mastrangelo S, Attinà G, Maurizi P, Ruggiero A. Aminoglycosides-related ototoxicity: mechanisms, risk factors, and prevention in pediatric patients. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023;16(10): 1353. doi:10.3390/ph16101353
  12. Diepstraten FA, Hoetink AE, van Grotel M, et al. Aminoglycoside- and glycopeptide-induced ototoxicity in children: a systematic review. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2021;3(4):dlab184. doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlab184
  13. Robertson CM, Tyebkhan JM, Etches PC, Cheung PY. Ototoxicity associated with loop diuretics in neonates. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019; 20(6):e293-e299. doi:10.1097/PCC.0000000000001807
  14. Frezza S, Tiberi E, Corsello M, et al. Hearing loss and risk factors in very low birth weight infants. J Clin Med. 2023;12(24):7583. doi:10.3390/jcm 12247583
  15. Sarı N, Bülbül A, Ersü NF. Neonatal hearing screening results with screening ABR protocol. Pediatr Pract Res. 2022;10(2):97-102. doi:10. 21765/pprjournal.1148011
  16. Aktuğlu Zeybek AÇ. Newborn screening: from the past to the future. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2022;57(5):473-475. doi:10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022. 16082
  17. Nagal J, Choudhary R, Jain M, Meena K, Nagpal J. Assessment of hearing impairment in sick newborns (NICU≥48 h). J Family Med Prim Care. 2023;12:3110-3116. doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1697_22
  18. Kim H. Effects of hyperoxia on cochlear hair cells in neonatal mice. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020;135:110107. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2020. 110107
  19. Olgun Y, Bayram A, Ceylan ME, et al. Newborn hearing screening results and risk factors for hearing loss in Turkey. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2021;140:110496. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110496
  20. Korver AMH. Risk factors for permanent childhood hearing loss: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2021;180:307-316. doi:10.1007/s00431-020-03736-y
  21. Borradori C, Chanal I, Bertrand Y, et al. Risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in very preterm infants. Biol Neonat. 1997;71(1):1-10. doi:10. 1159/000244367
  22. Smith TL, Paradise JL, Sabo DL, et al. Hearing loss in children with meconium aspiration syndrome: a population-based study. J Perinatol. 2005;25(10):660-665. doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211361
  23. Coenraad S. Neonatal hearing loss associated with ototoxic medication and asphyxia. Pediatrics. 2010;125(4):e859-e867. doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1785
  24. Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. Year 2019 position statement: principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. J Early Hear Detect Interv. 2019;4(2):1-44. doi:10.15142/fptk- b748