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Journals / International Journal of Chemistry and Technology / 2026 / Issue: 10

Cellular Mechanisms and Ecotoxicological Consequences of Oxidative Stress Caused by Chemical Pollutants in Aquatic Ecosystems

Mustafa Tamer Uzun(MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU)0000-0002-1582-0939
Bülent Yorulmaz(MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-1654-8874
Pages
—
Publication Date
2026-06-14
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this context, the study aims to contribute to the development of more sensitive, predictive, and scientifically based assessment strategies for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Aquatic ecosystems are exposed to numerous chemical pollutants due to increasing industrialization, intensive agricultural activities, and urbanization.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Cellular damage processes such as increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant defense system responses, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction are discussed in detail.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In this context, the study aims to contribute to the development of more sensitive, predictive, and scientifically based assessment strategies for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Oxidative stress · aquatic toxicology · chemical pollutants

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems are exposed to numerous chemical pollutants due to increasing industrialization, intensive agricultural activities, and urbanization. These pollutants often produce sublethal and chronic toxic effects in organisms through low concentrations and long-term exposures, rather than causing acute and lethal effects. Recent studies have revealed that oxidative stress mechanisms play a central role in understanding the effects of such sublethal exposures. This review article addresses the mechanisms by which inorganic and organic chemical pollutants in aquatic environments cause toxicity through oxidative stress, taking a holistic approach within the context of chemical structure-reactivity properties and cellular redox balance. Cellular damage processes such as increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant defense system responses, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the study evaluated how redox-sensitive signaling pathways such as Nrf2/Keap1, MAPK, NF-κB, PPAR, and AhR shape toxicity responses under sublethal exposure conditions. The review highlighted the long-term effects of chronic and low-dose exposures on growth, immunity, energy metabolism, and reproductive performance, as well as the population and ecosystem-level implications of these effects. Finally, the contributions of oxidative stress-based biomarkers and mechanistic toxicity approaches to environmental risk assessments beyond classical acute toxicity testing were discussed. In this context, the study aims to contribute to the development of more sensitive, predictive, and scientifically based assessment strategies for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems.

🔖

Cite This Article

Uzun, M. T., Yorulmaz, B. (2026). Cellular Mechanisms and Ecotoxicological Consequences of Oxidative Stress Caused by Chemical Pollutants in Aquatic Ecosystems. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology, Issue: 10. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1850085

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