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Journals / Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Modeling of Strengthened Timber Beams and Forest Resources of Türkiye

İlker Elmas(Orman Genel Müdürlüğü)0000-0003-0372-4461
Şule Bakırcı Er(KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-1021-3678
Pages
1546–1555
Publication Date
2026-07-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Reducing the structural weight significantly decreases the seismic forces acting on the building, thereby improving its overall earthquake performance As an alternative, timber structural systems, which are lightweight, environmentally friendly, and can be produced using locally available resources, offer considerable potential.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Reinforced concrete structural systems are widely preferred due to their long service life and low maintenance requirements in Türkiye.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Nevertheless, the high self-weight of reinforced concrete presents a significant drawback for buildings located in earthquake-prone regions.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Reducing the structural weight significantly decreases the seismic forces acting on the building, thereby improving its overall earthquake performance As an alternative, timber structural systems, which are lightweight, environmentally friendly, and can be produced using locally available resources, offer considerable potential.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Timber beam · Black pine · Scots pine

Abstract

Reinforced concrete structural systems are widely preferred due to their long service life and low maintenance requirements in Türkiye. Nevertheless, the high self-weight of reinforced concrete presents a significant drawback for buildings located in earthquake-prone regions. Reducing the structural weight significantly decreases the seismic forces acting on the building, thereby improving its overall earthquake performance As an alternative, timber structural systems, which are lightweight, environmentally friendly, and can be produced using locally available resources, offer considerable potential. Expanding the utilization of timber in the construction industry may contribute positively to both seismic performance and environmental sustainability. In this context, a study was undertaken to assess the potential of the country’s forest resources and to promote the adoption of timber as a primary structural material. The investigation focused on timber beams fabricated from black pine with dimensions of 100×150×3000 mm. These beams were analyzed under flexural loading conditions through finite element modeling, both in their unreinforced state and in configurations strengthened using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates. The results indicated that the beam configuration exhibiting the least deflection under applied loads was the one in which a 1.4 mm thick CFRP plate was adhesively bonded along the entire tension face of the beam. It is the driven by the increased sectional flexural rigidity and the uniform redistribution of surface stresses throughout the full span length.

Özet

Reinforced concrete structural systems are widely preferred due to their long service life and low maintenance requirements in Türkiye. Nevertheless, the high self-weight of reinforced concrete presents a significant drawback for buildings located in earthquake-prone regions. Reducing the structural weight significantly decreases the seismic forces acting on the building, thereby improving its overall earthquake performance As an alternative, timber structural systems, which are lightweight, environmentally friendly, and can be produced using locally available resources, offer considerable potential. Expanding the utilization of timber in the construction industry may contribute positively to both seismic performance and environmental sustainability. In this context, a study was undertaken to assess the potential of the country’s forest resources and to promote the adoption of timber as a primary structural material. The investigation focused on timber beams fabricated from black pine with dimensions of 100×150×3000 mm. These beams were analyzed under flexural loading conditions through finite element modeling, both in their unreinforced state and in configurations strengthened using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates. The results indicated that the beam configuration exhibiting the least deflection under applied loads was the one in which a 1.4 mm thick CFRP plate was adhesively bonded along the entire tension face of the beam. It is the driven by the increased sectional flexural rigidity and the uniform redistribution of surface stresses throughout the full span length.

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Cite This Article

Elmas, İ., Er, Ş. B. (2026). Modeling of Strengthened Timber Beams and Forest Resources of Türkiye. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 1546–1555. https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1865636

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