Journals / Çukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Scale Development Study to Determine Elderly Abuse

Yaşlı İstismarını Belirlemeye Yönelik Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Kemal Mustan(Oğuzeli Merkez Aile Sağlığı Merkezi, Mersin)0000-0001-9944-9155
Ozden Gokdemır(Izmir University of Economics / Faculty of Medicine)0000-0002-0542-5767
Dilek Güldal(DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-7344-9349
Pages
588–600
Publication Date
2026-06-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It is important to test this scale in clinical settings and in different studies.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: The first step in intervening in elder abuse, which is destructive in terms of individual and socially, is to determine abuse.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: A methodologic research is conducted among the individuals over 65 years of age who applied for two educational family health centers affiliated to x University Faculty of Medicine Family Medicine Department and also two family health centers in B and A between December 2016 and March 2017.
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Conclusion & Impact:It is important to test this scale in clinical settings and in different studies.
🔬Design:Lab & Field Experiment
📍Scope:2016 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Yaşlı istismarı · ölçek geliştirme · tarama

Abstract

Objective: The first step in intervening in elder abuse, which is destructive in terms of individual and socially, is to determine abuse. The existence of an easy and short tool in the screening of elderly abuse in primary health care services is important for developing health policy in detection and intervention of abuse. The aim of this study is to develop a screening scale in Turkish, which is relevant to the valid culture and understanding in Turkey, to determine elderly abuse. Methods: A methodologic research is conducted among the individuals over 65 years of age who applied for two educational family health centers affiliated to x University Faculty of Medicine Family Medicine Department and also two family health centers in B and A between December 2016 and March 2017. Oral and written consent was obtained from participants. Mini-Mental Test (MMT)/The Mini Mental Test (MMT-UE) for the uneducated for assessing participants' cognitive skills. Socio-demographic information form, The HwalekSengstock Elderly Abuse Screening Test and Elderly Abuse Screening Scale-Question Pool (EASS-QP) were applied for obtaining data. SPSS 22.0 package program is used for analysis. Mean, standard deviation, number and percentage are obtained as descriptive statistics. Expert opinions are obtained and evaluated by delphi technique for content validity; Pearson correlation analysis for criterion validity and exploratory factor analysis for the construct validity were performed. For the reliability of the scale, Cronbach's alpha, item total score correlation and two half-test analyzes were used. The cut-off score of the scale was calculated by ROC analysis based on The Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test. Results: The 47-item question pool generated by the researchers as a result of literature review. It reached to 57 items after the two-stage analysis of expert opinions. A 41-item application form was obtained with item reduction study after a pre-trial. After the actual application, a 15-item scale form with three sub-dimensions explaining 67.53% of the total variance resulting from exploratory factor analysis is obtained. In the reliability analysis of the scale, the Cronbach α internal consistency coefficient is 0.85 and the split half-test correlation is found 0.90. As the criterion validity a significant and moderate correlation is found with r = 0,691 (p <0,001) between the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test and newly developed Elderly Abuse Screening Scale. The area under the curve is 0.865 (p <0.000) when ROC analysis applied to all items of the newly developed scale and it was yielded a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 85% when the cut-off value was 20. Conclusion: The Elderly Abuse Screening Scale has been shown to be a valid and reliable tool for screening elderly abuse in Turkish society. It is important to test this scale in clinical settings and in different studies.

Özet

Amaç: Bireysel ve toplumsal açıdan yıkıcı etkileri olan yaşlı istismarına müdahalede ilk adım, istismarın belirlenmesidir. Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde yaşlı istismarının taranmasında kolay ve kısa bir aracın varlığı, istismarın tespiti ve müdahalesinde sağlık politikalarının geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de yaşlı istismarını belirlemek için geçerli kültüre ve Türkiye’deki anlayışa uygun, Türkçe bir tarama ölçeği geliştirmektir. Yöntem: Metodolojik türdeki bu araştırma, Aralık 2016 – Mart 2017 tarihleri arasında X Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı’na bağlı iki eğitim aile sağlığı merkezi ile B ve A illerindeki iki aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran 65 yaş üstü bireyler arasında yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılardan sözlü ve yazılı onam alınmıştır. Katılımcıların bilişsel becerilerini değerlendirmek için Mini Mental Test (MMT) / eğitimsizler için Mini Mental Test (MMT-E) uygulanmıştır. Veri toplamak amacıyla Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Hwalek-Sengstock Yaşlı İstismarı Tarama Testi ve Yaşlı İstismarı Tarama Ölçeği-Soru Havuzu (YİTÖ-SH) kullanılmıştır. Analizlerde SPSS 22.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler olarak ortalama, standart sapma, sayı ve yüzde hesaplanmıştır. Kapsam geçerliği için uzman görüşleri alınmış ve delphi tekniği ile değerlendirilmiştir; ölçüt geçerliği için Pearson korelasyon analizi, yapı geçerliği için açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği için Cronbach alfa, madde toplam puan korelasyonu ve iki yarı test analizleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin kesme puanı, Hwalek-Sengstock Yaşlı İstismarı Tarama Testi temel alınarak ROC analizi ile hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taraması sonucunda oluşturulan 47 maddelik soru havuzu, uzman görüşlerinin iki aşamalı analizi sonrasında 57 maddeye ulaşmıştır. Ön uygulama sonrasında yapılan madde azaltma çalışması ile 41 maddelik bir uygulama formu elde edilmiştir. Asıl uygulama sonrasında, açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda toplam varyansın %67,53’ünü açıklayan üç alt boyutlu 15 maddelik bir ölçek formu elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizinde Cronbach α iç tutarlılık katsayısı 0,85 ve iki yarı test korelasyonu 0,90 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçüt geçerliği kapsamında, Hwalek-Sengstock Yaşlı İstismarı Tarama Testi ile yeni geliştirilen Yaşlı İstismarı Tarama Ölçeği arasında r=0,691 (p<0,001) düzeyinde anlamlı ve orta düzeyde bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. Yeni geliştirilen ölçeğin tüm maddelerine ROC analizi uygulandığında eğri altında kalan alan 0,865 (p<0,000) olup kesme değeri 20 alındığında duyarlılık %73, özgüllük %85 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Yaşlı İstismarı Tarama Ölçeği’nin Türk toplumunda yaşlı istismarının taranmasında geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu ölçeğin klinik ortamlarda ve farklı çalışmalarda test edilmesi önem taşımaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Mustan, K., Gokdemır, O., Güldal, D. (2026). Scale Development Study to Determine Elderly Abuse. Çukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 588–600. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1941847

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