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Journals / Çukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Comparison of Carboxyhemoglobin Levels, Pulmonary Functions, and Nicotine Dependence Among Smoking Healthcare Professionals in the Operating Theater

Ameliyat Odasında Çalışan Sigara İçen Sağlık Çalışanlarında Karboksihemoglobin Düzeyleri, Solunum Fonksiyonları ve Nikotin Bağımlılığının Karşılaştırılması

İzel Kavak(ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-6990-3625
Selda Şen(ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-7452-9888
Cem Özen(ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0009-0003-7183-1450
Müzeyyen Zeynep Akalın(ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0009-0009-7181-2894
Ferhat Şirinyıldız(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0000-0001-8800-9787
İmran Kurt Omurlu(ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-2887-6656
Pages
898–908
Publication Date
2026-09-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Keywords: pulmonary function test; carboxyhemoglobin; healthcare worker

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there are differences in carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels, pulmonary function, and nicotine dependence between smoking healthcare workers working in the operating theater and those working in internal medicine wards.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 281 smoking healthcare workers, consisting of operating theater staff and internal medicine ward staff (141 operating theater, 140 ward), were included in the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:Keywords: pulmonary function test; carboxyhemoglobin; healthcare worker
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:solunum fonksiyon test · sağlık çalışanı · kaarboksihemoglobulin

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there are differences in carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels, pulmonary function, and nicotine dependence between smoking healthcare workers working in the operating theater and those working in internal medicine wards. Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. A total of 281 smoking healthcare workers, consisting of operating theater staff and internal medicine ward staff (141 operating theater, 140 ward), were included in the study. COHb levels of the participants were measured non-invasively using a pulse CO-oximeter. Pulmonary function tests (FEV₁, FVC, PEF, and FEV₁/FVC) were assessed using spirometry. Nicotine dependence was determined using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests were used for intergroup comparisons, and relationships were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. Independent risk factors were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: COHb levels were found to be significantly higher, while FVC and FEV₁/FVC ratios were significantly lower in operating theater staff (p<0.05). COHb levels showed a positive correlation with cigarette consumption, nicotine dependence, and smoking duration (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified working in the operating theater as an independent predictor of high COHb levels (OR=4.976; 95% CI: 2.92–8.49; p<0.001). In addition, COHb levels were negatively correlated with SpO₂. Conclusion: These findings suggest that working in the operating theater may impose an additional physiological burden on COHb levels and pulmonary function in smoking healthcare workers. This highlights the importance of preventive measures aimed at reducing occupational exposure in surgical environments. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of this association. Keywords: pulmonary function test; carboxyhemoglobin; healthcare worker

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sigara içen sağlık çalışanlarında operasyon odasında çalışanlar ile dahili servis çalışanları arasında karboksihemoglobin (COHb) düzeyleri, pulmoner fonksiyonlar ve nikotin bağımlılığı açısından fark olup olmadığını değerlendirmek idi. Yöntem: Bu çalışma kesitsel bir tasarım olarak planlandı. Çalışmaya operasyon odası personeli ve dahili servis çalışanlarından oluşan 281 sigara içen sağlık çalışanı (141 operasyon odası, 140 servis) dahil edildi. Katılımcıların COHb düzeyleri non-invaziv pulse CO-oksimetre ile ölçüldü. Solunum fonksiyon testleri (FEV₁, FVC, PEF ve FEV₁/FVC) spirometri ile değerlendirildi. Nikotin bağımlılığı Fagerström Testi ile belirlendi. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda uygun parametrik ve non-parametrik testler kullanıldı, ilişkiler Spearman korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Bağımsız risk faktörleri lojistik regresyon analizi ile incelendi. Bulgular: Operasyon odası çalışanlarında COHb düzeyleri anlamlı olarak daha yüksek, FVC ve FEV₁/FVC oranı ise daha düşük bulundu (p<0.05). COHb düzeyleri ile sigara tüketimi, nikotin bağımlılığı ve sigara içme süresi arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı (p<0.05). Lojistik regresyon analizinde operasyon odasında çalışma, yüksek COHb düzeyi için bağımsız bir belirleyici olarak bulundu (OR=4.976; %95 GA: 2.92–8.49; p<0.001). Ayrıca COHb düzeyleri SpO₂ ile negatif korelasyon gösterdi. Sonuç: Bu bulgular, sigara içen sağlık çalışanlarında operasyon odasında çalışmanın COHb düzeyleri ve solunum fonksiyonları üzerinde ek bir fizyolojik yük oluşturabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu durum, cerrahi ortamda mesleki maruziyetin azaltılmasına yönelik koruyucu önlemlerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. İleriye dönük çalışmalar ile bu ilişkinin uzun dönem etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: solunum fonksiyon testi, karboksihemoglobulin, sağlık çalışanı

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Cite This Article

Kavak, İ., Şen, S., Özen, C., Akalın, M. Z., Şirinyıldız, F., Omurlu, İ. K. (2026). Comparison of Carboxyhemoglobin Levels, Pulmonary Functions, and Nicotine Dependence Among Smoking Healthcare Professionals in the Operating Theater. Çukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 898–908. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1977439

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