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Journals / Anatolian Journal of Emergency Medicine / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Clinical Significance of Endocan and Galectin-3 Levels in Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Masif Pulmoner Tromboembolide Endocan ve Galektin-3 Düzeylerinin Klinik Önemi

İbrahim Serhan Semizoğlu(Niksar State Hospital, Emergency Medicine Clinic)0000-0002-6910-0312
Murat Yücel(Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine)0000-0003-0220-9230
Mehmet Hakan Taşkın(Samsun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology)0000-0002-1374-7766
Metin Yadigaroğlu(Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine)0000-0003-1771-5523
Mehmet Tevfik Demir(Samsun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology)0000-0003-0319-9572
Metin Ocak(Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine)0000-0002-9978-0216
Murat Güzel(Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine)0000-0003-0276-4576
Pages
1–7
Publication Date
2026-03-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

However, these biomarkers can guide clinicians in distinguishing massive PTE from submassive and low-risk PTE.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is one of the most common cardiovascular emergencies in emergency departments.Identifying high-risk PTE and early treatment is crucial.
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Key Findings & Data:We aim to investigate the effectiveness of Endothelial Cell-specific Molecule1 (Endocan) and galectin-3 levels in the early diagnosis of PTE and in evaluating PTE severity.
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Conclusion & Impact:However, these biomarkers can guide clinicians in distinguishing massive PTE from submassive and low-risk PTE.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Acil tıp · endocan · galektin-3

Abstract

Aim: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is one of the most common cardiovascular emergencies in emergency departments.Identifying high-risk PTE and early treatment is crucial. We aim to investigate the effectiveness of Endothelial Cell-specific Molecule1 (Endocan) and galectin-3 levels in the early diagnosis of PTE and in evaluating PTE severity. Material and Methods: This prospective observational studywas conducted between February 2020 and February 2021,including 52 patients diagnosed with PTE and 26 healthy volunteers. Serum endocan and galectin-3 levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The severity levels of the PTE were determined according to the American Heart Association 2011 guidelines. Results: The median serum endocan level was 175 (96-600)ng/L in the patient group and 168 (120-256) ng/L in the control group (U=506,000, p>0.05). The median serum galectin-3 level was 177 (100-768) pg/mL in the patient group and 164 (131-252) pg/mL in the control group (U=512.500, p>0.05). A statistically significant difference in endocan levels (H=71, p=0.003) and galectin-3 levels (H=92, p=0.014) was found among PTE severity groups according to the Kruskal-Wallis test. In massive PTE patients, its sensitivity was 77%, specificity was 89% for serum Endocan levels ≥185.45 ng/mL, its sensitivity was 65%, and specificity 89% for galectin-3 levels ≥179.16 pg/mL. Conclusion: Endocan and galectin-3 biomarkers are not sufficient for the diagnosis of PTE. However, these biomarkers can guide clinicians in distinguishing massive PTE from submassive and low-risk PTE.

Özet

Amaç: Pulmoner tromboemboli (PTE), acil servislerde en sık karşılaşılan kardiyovasküler acillerden biridir. Yüksek riskli PTE olgularının tanımlanması ve erken tedavisi hayati önem taşır. Bu çalışmada, Endotelyal Hücreye Özgü Molekül-1 (Endocan) ve Galektin-3 düzeylerinin PTE’nin erken tanısında ve hastalığın şiddetinin değerlendirilmesindeki etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu prospektif gözlemsel çalışma, Şubat 2020 ile Şubat 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya PTE tanısı alan 52 hasta ve 26 sağlıklı gönüllü dahil edildi. Serum endocan ve galektin-3 düzeyleri Enzim Bağlantılı İmmünosorbent Test (ELISA) yöntemiyle ölçüldü. PTE’nin şiddet düzeyleri, Amerikan Kalp Derneği’nin 2011 kılavuzlarına göre belirlendi. Bulgular: Hasta grubunda ortanca serum endocan düzeyi 175 (96–600) ng/L, kontrol grubunda ise 168 (120–256) ng/L idi (U=506.000, p>0,05). Hasta grubunda ortanca serum galektin-3 düzeyi 177 (100–768) pg/mL, kontrol grubunda ise 164 (131–252) pg/mL idi (U=512.500, p>0,05). PTE şiddeti ile endocan düzeyi (H=71, p=0,003) ve galektin-3 düzeyleri (H=92, p=0,014) arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı. Masif PTE hastalarında, serum endocan düzeyinin ≥185,45 ng/mL olması durumunda duyarlılık %77, özgüllük %89; galektin-3 düzeyinin ≥179,16 pg/mL olması durumunda duyarlılık %65, özgüllük %89 olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Endocan ve galektin-3 biyobelirteçleri PTE tanısı için yeterli değildir. Ancak bu biyobelirteçler, masif PTE’yi submasif ve düşük riskli PTE’den ayırmada klinisyenlere yol gösterici olabilir.

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Cite This Article

Semizoğlu, İ. S., Yücel, M., Taşkın, M. H., Yadigaroğlu, M., Demir, M. T., Ocak, M., Güzel, M. (2026). Clinical Significance of Endocan and Galectin-3 Levels in Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism. Anatolian Journal of Emergency Medicine, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.54996/anatolianjem.1676577

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