Journals / Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi / 2019 / Cilt: 34 - Sayı: 2

Determination of efficiencies of some rhizobacteria and plant activators against Fusarium wilt disease of melon

Kavunda Fusarium solgunluk hastalığına karşı bazı rizobakterilerin ve bitki aktivatörlerinin etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi

Pages
135–145
Publication Date
2019-06-25
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The disease suppression mechanism of PGPR isolates was determined to be associated with promoting the plant growth, as well as induced resistance.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) is one of the major pathogens threatening the melon (Cucumis melo L.) production worldwide.
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Key Findings & Data:Effects of some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) [Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis (B379c), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P07-1 ve P074), Pseudomonas sp. (P48-2)] and some plant activators (AuxiGro, Crop-Set and ISR-2000) were investigated in comparison to a commonly used fungicide (Maxim® XL).
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Conclusion & Impact:The disease suppression mechanism of PGPR isolates was determined to be associated with promoting the plant growth, as well as induced resistance.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2000 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis · PGPR · Induced resistance

Abstract

Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) is one of the major pathogens threatening the melon (Cucumis melo L.) production worldwide. The most common way that the disease is spread to plants is via infested soil, and infected seeds may also contribute to the disease dispersal. Effects of some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) [Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis (B379c), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P07-1 ve P074), Pseudomonas sp. (P48-2)] and some plant activators (AuxiGro, Crop-Set and ISR-2000) were investigated in comparison to a commonly used fungicide (Maxim® XL). Also, the roles of PGPR and activators in activating some enzymes (proline, catalase and peroxidase) which are critical in suppression of plant diseases, were evaluated. In seed germination experiments, particularly P07-04, and other PGPR isolates, B379c, P07-1 and P48-2 were significantly increased radicle-hypocotyl length and seed vigor index of melon seeds, compared to control. These isolates inhibited the mycelial development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (Fom-TR01) at the rates of 20-29%. In pot experiments, it was determined that PGPR and plant activator treatments significantly lowered Fusarium wilt disease, compared to positive control. Among PGPR isolates, P. aeruginosa (P07-1) was the most successful isolate (AUDPC 45.39%) by lowering disease severity at a rate of 35.67% (61.67% of efficiency compared to positive control). Along with disease prevention ability, this isolate also displayed a plant growth promoting effect. Among plant activators, AuxiGro was the most successful activator compared to positive control, with an efficiency rate of 49.25 % while 41.80% efficiency was obtained with Crop-Set and 35.82 % with ISR-2000. These two biotic and abiotic treatments (P07-1 and AuxiGro) were identified as the best defense enzyme (Proline, “Catalase” (CAT) and peroxidase (POX)) inducers against the pathogen. The disease suppression mechanism of PGPR isolates was determined to be associated with promoting the plant growth, as well as induced resistance.

Özet

Fusarium solgunluk hastalığı (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) dünyada kavun (Cucumis melo L.) yetiştiriciliğini sınırlandıran en önemli fungal hastalıklardan biridir. Hastalık etmeninin en genel yayılma yolu toprak olup, tohumla taşınması da söz konusu olabilmektedir. Bu etmene karşı bitki gelişimini uyaran kök bakterileri (Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria; PGPR)’nden bazılarının [Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis (B379c), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P07-1 ve P074), Pseudomonas sp. (P48-2)] ve bazı bitki aktivatörlerinin (AuxiGro, Crop-Set ve ISR-2000) etkinlikleri, hastalığın mücadelesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir fungisit (Maxim® XL) ile karşılaştırılmalı olarak araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, PGPR ve aktivatörlerin bitki hastalıklarını baskılamada önemli bazı enzimleri (prolin, katalaz ve peroksidaz) aktive etme durumları da değerlendirilmiştir. Tohum çimlendirme denemelerinde başta P07-4 izolatı olmak üzere diğer PGPR izolatlarının (B379c, P07-1 ve P48-2) kavun tohumlarının radikula-hipokotil uzunluğunu ve tohum canlılık indeksini kontrole göre arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Bu izolatlar, F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis (Fom-TR01)’in miseliyal gelişimini % 20-29 oranında engellemiştir. Saksı denemelerinde, PGPR ve bitki aktivatörü uygulamalarının Fusarium solgunluk hastalığını kontrole kıyasla önemli oranda azalttıkları saptanmıştır. PGPR izolatları arasında, P. aeruginosa (P07-1) hastalık şiddetini pozitif kontrole (% 61.67) kıyasla % 35.67 oranında azaltarak en başarılı izolat olarak belirlenmiştir (%AUDPC 45.39). Bitki aktivatörlerinden AuxiGro hastalık gelişimini pozitif kontrole göre % 49.25 oranında azaltırken, Crop-Set % 41.80 ve ISR-2000 %35.82 oranında azaltmıştır. P07-1 izolatı ve AuxiGro bitki aktivatörü, patojene karşı savunma enzimlerini (Prolin, katalaz (CAT) ve peroksidaz (POX)) teşvik eden en iyi iki uygulama olarak tespit edilmiştir. PGPR izolatlarının hastalığı baskılamadaki mekanizmasının, bitki büyüme düzenleyici rolü ile birlikte uyarılmış dayanıklılık ile ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

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Cite This Article

DELİSOY, K., ALTINOK, H. H. (2019). Determination of efficiencies of some rhizobacteria and plant activators against Fusarium wilt disease of melon. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 34 - Sayı: 2, 135–145. https://ajindex.com/articles/135486

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