Journals / Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2

The Effect of Salinity on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Growth and Physiology at Seedling Stage Under Hydroponic Conditions

Hidroponik Koşullarda Tuzluluğun Pamuğun (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Fide Döneminde Büyüme ve Fizyolojisi Üzerindeki Etkisi

Rukiye Kılıç(SİİRT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-1515-9287
Çetin Karademir(SİİRT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-6370-2427
Emine Karademir(SİİRT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ, TARLA BİTKİLERİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0001-6369-1572
Pages
182–190
Publication Date
2025-12-31
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It was concluded that Novelia and Fiona varieties had better performance than other varieties for saline conditions because they have better root properties under salt stress conditions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study was carried out to determine the tolerance of 5 cotton varieties grown in hydroponics conditions to salt stress and to determine plant growth parameters and some physiological characteristics in plants grown in saline environments.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The experiment was established in a hydroponic medium containing 5 cotton varieties (BA 1010, Fiona, May 455, Novelia and Orion) and 2 salt concentrations (Control and 100 mM NaCl).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:It was concluded that Novelia and Fiona varieties had better performance than other varieties for saline conditions because they have better root properties under salt stress conditions.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Pamuk · tuzluluk · hidroponik

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the tolerance of 5 cotton varieties grown in hydroponics conditions to salt stress and to determine plant growth parameters and some physiological characteristics in plants grown in saline environments. The experiment was established in a hydroponic medium containing 5 cotton varieties (BA 1010, Fiona, May 455, Novelia and Orion) and 2 salt concentrations (Control and 100 mM NaCl). Plants were grown in a growth chamber at 16/8-hour photo period, 25/20oC (day/night) temperature and 40±2% humidity. Salinity induced morphological and physiological changes, including a reduction in the root length, shoot dry weight and leaf area, but root fresh weight was increased with salt application, on the other hand, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, root/shoot ratio, root surface area and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) were not affected. It was determined that there were significant statistical differences among the varieties in terms of all the characteristics except the root/shoot ratio. The interaction between variety x salt applications was significant in root length, root fresh and root dry weight, root/shoot ratio, root surface area and SPAD value. The results of this study indicated that the Novelia variety was prominent in terms of root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root surface area and leaf area, while Fiona and Novelia were prominent in terms of root length. It was concluded that Novelia and Fiona varieties had better performance than other varieties for saline conditions because they have better root properties under salt stress conditions.

Özet

Bu çalışma, hidroponik koşullarda yetiştirilen 5 pamuk çeşidinin tuz stresine toleransını belirlemek ve tuzlu ortamlarda yetiştirilen bitkilerde bitki büyüme parametreleri ve bazı fizyolojik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme, 5 pamuk çeşidi (BA 1010, Fiona, May 455, Novelia ve Orion) ve 2 tuz konsantrasyonu (Kontrol ve 100 mM NaCl) içeren hidroponik ortamda kurulmuştur. Bitkiler 16/8 saatlik fotoperiyot, 25/20 oC (gündüz/gece) sıcaklık ve %40±2 nem içeren bir büyütme kabininde yetiştirilmiştir. Tuzluluk, kök uzunluğu, sürgün kuru ağırlığı ve yaprak alanında azalma gibi morfolojik ve fizyolojik değişikliklere neden olmuş, ancak kök taze ağırlığı tuz uygulaması ile artmış, buna karşın sürgün uzunluğu, sürgün taze ağırlığı, kök kuru ağırlığı, kök/sürgün oranı, kök yüzey alanı ve klorofil içeriği (SPAD değeri) etkilenmemiştir. Kök/sürgün oranı hariç tüm özellikler bakımından çeşitler arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çeşit x tuz uygulamaları arasındaki interaksiyon kök uzunluğu, kök taze ve kök kuru ağırlığı, kök/sürgün oranı, kök yüzey alanı ve SPAD değeri açısından önemli bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları Novelia çeşidinin kök taze ağırlığı, sürgün taze ağırlığı, kök kuru ağırlığı, sürgün kuru ağırlığı, kök yüzey alanı ve yaprak alanı açısından öne çıktığını, Fiona ve Novelia'nın ise kök uzunluğu açısından öne çıktığını göstermiştir. Novelia ve Fiona çeşitlerinin tuz stresi koşullarında daha iyi kök özelliklerine sahip olmaları nedeniyle tuzlu koşullara karşı diğer çeşitlerden daha iyi performans gösterdikleri sonucuna varılmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Kılıç, R., Karademir, Ç., Karademir, E. (2025). The Effect of Salinity on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Growth and Physiology at Seedling Stage Under Hydroponic Conditions. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 182–190. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.1683478

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (38)

  1. Afzal M, Hindawi SES, Alghamdi SS, Migdadi HH, Khan MA, Hasnain MU, Sohaib M (2023) Potential Breeding Strategies for İmproving Salt Tolerance in Crop Plants. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 42(6): 3365-3387.
  2. Anwar Z, Ijaz A, Ditta A, Wang B, Liu F, Khan SMUD, Khan MKR (2023) Genomic Dynamics and Functional Insights under Salt Stress in Gossypium hirsutum L. Genes, 14(5): 1103.
  3. haudhary MT, Majeed S, Rana IA, Ali Z, Jia Y, Du X, Azhar MT (2024) Impact of Salinity Stress on Cotton and Opportunities for İmprovement Through Conventional and Biotechnological Approaches. BMC Plant Biology, 24(1): 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04558-4
  4. Culha Ş, Cakırlar H (2011) The Effect of Salinity on Plants and Salt Tolerance Mechanisms. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science and Engineering, 11: 11-34.
  5. El-Sabagh AE, Islam MS, Iqbal MA, Hossain A, Mubeen M, Jabeen T, Fahad S (2021) Salinity Stress in Cotton: Adverse Effects, Survival Mechanisms and management strategies. In Fahad, S., Sönmez, O., Saud, S., Wang, D., Wu, C., Adnan, M., Arif, M., & Amanullah (Eds.) Engineering tolerance in crop plants against abiotic stress (pp. 59-80). CRC Press.
  6. Farooq Q, Saira AF, Nadeem M, Zulfiqar M, Din SU (2021) A Critical Review: Impacts of Salinity on Yield and Fiber Quality Traits of Cotton. Nature and Science, 19 (1): 9-18.Fowler JL (1986) Salinity and Fruiting. In J.R. Mauney and J.R Stewart (Eds.) Cotton Physiology. (pp 107-111). The Cotton Foundation.
  7. Habib F, Akram Z, Akhtar J, Hussain S, Mansoor M (2014) Assessment of Variations in Growth and Ionic Concentration of Salt Tolerant and Sensitive Cotton Genotypes. Scientia Agriculturae, 3(2): 105-110.
  8. Hassan S, Sarwar MB, Sadique S, Rashid B, Aftab B, Mohamed BB, Husnain T (2014) Growth, Physiological and Molecular Responses of Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) Under NaCl Stress. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(5): 605-614. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2014.55075
  9. Higbie SM, Wang F, Stewart JM, Sterling TM, Lindemann WC, Hughs E, Zhang J (2010) Physiological Response to Salt (NaCl) Stress in Selected Cultivated Tetraploid Cottons. International Journal of Agronomy, (1), 643475. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/643475
  10. Jafri AZ, Ahmad R (1994) Plant Growth and Ionic Distribution in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Under Saline Environment. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 26 (1): 105-114.
  11. Javid A, Yasin M, Nabi G, Rauf A (2002) Evaluation of Germination and Growth of Cotton by Pre-sowing Treatments Under Salt-Stressed Conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 17(2), 170-175.
  12. Khan AN, Qureshi RH, Ahmad N (1995) Performance of Cotton Cultivars in Saline Growth Media at Germination Stage. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 11: 643-646.
  13. Leidi EO (1994) Genotypic Variation of Cotton in Response to NaCl or PEG. In M.C. Peeters (Ed.) Cotton Biotechnology (pp. 67-73). FAO, Rome.
  14. Loka DA, Oosterhuis DM, Ritchie GL (2011) Water-Deficit Stress in Cotton. In Oosterhuis DM (Ed.) Stress Physiology in Cotton. (pp. 37-72). Number Seven the Cotton Foundation Reference Book Series Cordova, Tennessee, USA.
  15. Ma Y, Wei Z, Liu J, Liu X, Liu F (2021) Growth and Physiological Responses of Cotton Plants to Salt Stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 207(3): 565-576.
  16. Maas EV (1986) Salt Tolerance of Plants, Applied Agricultural Research, (19): 12-25.
  17. Mahmood T, Iqbal MS, Li H, Nazir MF, Khalid S, Sarfraz Z, Du X (2022). Differential Seedling Growth and Tolerance Indices Reflect Drought Tolerance in Cotton. BMC Plant Biology, 22(1): 331. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03724-4
  18. Meloni DA, Oliva MA, Ruiz HA, Martinez CA (2001) Contribution of Proline and Inorganic Solutes to Osmotic Adjustment in Cotton Under Salt Stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 24(3): 599-612. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-100104983
  19. Min W, Guo H, Zhou G, Zhang W, Ma L, Ye J, Hou Z (2014) Root Distribution and Growth of Cotton as Affected by Drip Irrigation With Saline Water. Field Crops Research, 169: 1-10.
  20. Muhammad N, Dong Q, Luo T, Zhang X, Song M, Wang X, Ma X (2025) New Developments in Understanding Cotton's Physiological and Molecular Responses to Salt Stress. Plant Stress, 100742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2025.100742
  21. Munawar W, Hameed A, Khan MKR (2021) Differential Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Cotton Genotypes Under Various Salinity Stress Levels During Early Growth Stage. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 622309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.622309
  22. Patil AM, Pawar BD, Wagh SG, Shinde H, Shelake RM, Markad NR, Wagh RS (2024) Abiotic Stress in Cotton: Insights into Plant Responses and Biotechnological Solutions. Agriculture, 14(9): 1638.
  23. Raia NA, Azimov RA (1988) Effect of NaCl Solutions on Germination and Seedling Growth of Cotton. Uzbek. Biol. J. 2: 22–24.
  24. Rafiq M, Mahmood A, Chaudhary MT, Seleiman MF, Ali N, Yasin M, Mirriam A (2024) Exploitation of Morphophysiological and Biochemical Assessment of Cotton Germplasm Against Salt Stress. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 10(1), 2430413. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2024.2430413
  25. Rafique M, Nisa ZU, Munsha A, Batool Z, Aslam I, Faheem J, Nofal M, Imran M, Ali S, Rehman A (2024) Morphological and Physiological Responses of Different Cotton Genotypes Under Normal and Salt Stress Conditions. Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal, 1216. doi: https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1216
  26. Rehman A, Farooq M (2019) Morphology, Physiology and Ecology of cotton. In Jabran, K., Chauhan, B. S., (Eds.), Cotton Production, (pp. 23-46). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119385523.ch2
  27. Reinhardt DH, Rost TL (1995) Developmental Changes of Cotton Root Primary Tissues Induced by Salinity. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 156(4): 505-513.
  28. Rezaee S, Moghaddam MRR, Bazrgar AB (2015) Cotton Seed Germination as Affected by Salinity and Priming. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 5(1): 312-318.
  29. Qadir M, Shams M (1997) Some Agronomic and Physiological Aspects of Salt Tolerance in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 179(2): 101-106.
  30. Saghir A, Khan N, Iqbal MZ, Hussain A, Hassan M (2002) Salt Tolerance of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 1: 715-719. Doi: 10.3923/ajps.2002.715.719
  31. Saleh B (2012) Salt Stress Alters Physiological Indicators in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Soil & environment, 31(2): 113-118.
  32. Sharif I, Aleem S, Farooq J, Rizwan M, Younas A, Sarwar G, Chohan SM (2019) Salinity Stress in Cotton: Effects, Mechanism of Tolerance and Its Management Strategies. In R. P. Singh & N. Raghuram (Eds.), Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants (pp. 807-820). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-019-00676-2
  33. Silberbush M, Ben‐Asher J (1987) The Effect of Salinity on Parameters of Potassium and Nitrate Uptake of Cotton. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 18(1): 65-81.
  34. Sahin CB, Akcalı CT (2016) The Effects of Different NaCl Concentrations on The Germination of Cotton. International Journal of Agricultural and Wildlife Sciences, 2(2): 75-79.
  35. Upreti KK, Murti GSR (2010) Response of Grape Rootstocks to Salinity: Changes in Root Growth, Polyamines and Abscisic Acid. Biologia Plantarum, 54: 730-734.
  36. Üzen N (2009) Investigation of The Responses of Some Cotton Varieties Grown in The Southeastern Anatolia Region to Different Levels of Salt Stress. (Msc Thesis), Çukurova University, Institute of Science, Adana, Turkey.
  37. Yadav S, Vamadevaiah H (2017) In Vitro Screening for Salinity Stress in Cotton Genotypes. International Journal of Farm Science, 30: 237-241.
  38. Zhang L, Ma H, Chen T, Pen J, Yu S, Zhao X (2014) Morphological and Physiological Responses of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Plants to Salinity. PLoS One, 9(11), e112807. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112807