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Journals / Acta Medica Nicomedia / 2026 / Cilt: 9

CORRELATES OF PSYCHOTIC LIKE EXPERIENCES AMONG YOUNG ADULTS DURING THE COVID19 PANDEMIC ACROSS FOUR COUNTRIES: A DATA MINING STUDY

COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİ SIRASINDA DÖRT ÜLKEDE GENÇ YETİŞKİNLER ARASINDA PSİKOTİK BENZERİ DENEYİMLERLE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER: BİR VERİ MADENCİLİĞİ ÇALIŞMASI

Helin Yılmaz Kafalı(ISIK UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-6009-1085
İnanç Kabasakal(EGE UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-0098-0144
Dymytro Martsenkovskyi(Bogomolets National Medical University)0000-0002-6030-2698
Sheikh Shoib(Department of Health Services)0000-0002-3739-706X
İrfan Ullah(Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University)0000-0003-1100-101X
Joan Soler Vidal(FIDMAG Hermanas Hospitalarias Research Foundation)0000-0002-9809-8477
Oluseun Peter Ogunnub(University of Lagos)0000-0001-9997-3379
Paola Fuentes Claramonte(FIDMAG Hermanas Hospitalarias Research Foundation)0000-0002-1428-7976
Gamze Erzin(ANKARA UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-8002-5053
Ozge Kılıc(BEZM-İ ÂLEM VAKIF ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-9764-343X
Mireia Solerdelcoll Arimany(Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic Barcelona)0000-0003-2250-494X
Victor Pereira(Child Mind Institute)0000-0002-2576-1549
Aadil Bashir(University of Kashmir)0000-0003-1588-8711
Timothea Toulopoulou(BILKENT UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-9062-8314
Pages
1–12
Publication Date
2026-07-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Depressive symptoms could be important for preventing PLEs during pandemics, while considering country-specific risk factors for targeted interventions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: This study aims to identify predictors and country-specific factors associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and to examine whether depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep problems were consistent with a mediating role in the association between daily reported COVID-19-related deaths and PLEs.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: 854 participants completed e-questionnaires assessing PLEs, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and sleep problems using Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-42-Positive Subscale (CAPE-42-Pos), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD), and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
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Conclusion & Impact:Depressive symptoms could be important for preventing PLEs during pandemics, while considering country-specific risk factors for targeted interventions.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Psikotik benzeri deneyimler · pandemi · COVID-19

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to identify predictors and country-specific factors associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and to examine whether depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep problems were consistent with a mediating role in the association between daily reported COVID-19-related deaths and PLEs. Methods: 854 participants completed e-questionnaires assessing PLEs, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and sleep problems using Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-42-Positive Subscale (CAPE-42-Pos), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD), and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Psychiatric/COVID-19 infections, cigarette/alcohol/substance use, daily new COVID-19 cases/deaths were noted on survey date. Association rule mining and PROCESS Macro Mediation analysis were applied. Results: COVID-19 death toll and PSQI had a non-linear, PHQ and GAD had a linear relationship with PLEs. Cigarette usage was associated with higher PLEs risk; conversely, past-month alcohol use was inversely associated with PLEs risk, though this latter finding should be interpreted with caution given the limited assessment of alcohol use patterns. PHQ-Total score was consistent with a partial mediating role in the association between COVID-19-related death toll and CAPE-Pos-Total score in the cross-sectional mediation model tested. Rule mining revealed that in Türkiye, substance/cigarette use and suicidality; in Nigeria, sleep problems and depression; in India, suicidality and sleep disturbances; and in Spain, COVID-19 history and psychiatric symptoms were strongly associated with high CAPE scores. Conclusion: Reported death number, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and sleep disturbances could be used to predict PLEs. Depressive symptoms could be important for preventing PLEs during pandemics, while considering country-specific risk factors for targeted interventions.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikotik benzeri deneyimlerle (PBD) ilişkili yordayıcıları ve ülkeye özgü faktörleri belirlemek ve günlük bildirilen COVID-19 ölüm sayıları ile PBD arasındaki ilişkide depresif/anksiyete belirtileri ve uyku sorunlarının aracı model ile uyumlu olup olmadığının incelemektir. Yöntem: Toplam 854 katılımcı, PBD, depresif/anksiyete belirtileri ve uyku sorunlarını değerlendiren sırasıyla Psikotik Yaşantıların Toplumda Değerlendirilmesi Ölçeği-42 Pozitif Alt Ölçeği (PYTDÖ), Hasta Sağlığı Anketi (HSA), Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu Ölçeği-7 (YAB-7) ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ) kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların psikiyatrik hastalık ve COVID-19 enfeksiyon öyküleri, sigara/alkol/madde kullanımı ile anketin uygulandığı tarihteki günlük yeni COVID-19 vaka ve ölüm sayıları kaydedilmiştir. Analizlerde ilişki kuralı madenciliği ve PROCESS Macro aracılık analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: COVID-19’a bağlı ölüm sayısı ile PUKİ puanları PYTDÖ ile doğrusal olmayan bir ilişki gösterirken, HSA ve YAB-7 puanları PYTDÖ ile doğrusal bir ilişki göstermiştir. Sigara kullanımı daha yüksek PBD riskiyle ilişkilendirilmiş; buna karşın son bir ay içindeki alkol kullanımı PBD riskiyle ters yönde ilişkili bulunmuş olmakla birlikte, bu son bulgu alkol kullanım örüntülerinin sınırlı düzeyde değerlendirilmiş olması nedeniyle dikkatli yorumlanmalıdır. PHQ-Total puanı, kesitsel aracılık modelinde COVID-19'a bağlı ölüm sayısı ile CAPE-Poz-Total puanı arasındaki ilişkide kısmi aracılık rolüyle tutarlı bir örüntü sergilemiştir. Kural madenciliği analizleri, Türkiye’de madde/sigara kullanımı ve intihar düşüncelerinin; Nijerya’da uyku sorunları ve depresyonun; Hindistan’da intihar düşünceleri ve uyku bozukluklarının; İspanya’da ise COVID-19 öyküsü ve psikiyatrik belirtilerin yüksek PYTDÖ puanlarıyla güçlü biçimde ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bildirilen COVID-19 ölüm sayıları, depresif/anksiyete belirtileri ve uyku bozuklukları PBD’yi yordamıştır. Pandemi dönemlerinde PBD’nin önlenmesinde depresif belirtiler önemli bir hedef olabilir; ayrıca hedefe yönelik müdahaleler planlanırken ülkeye özgü risk faktörlerinin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Kafalı, H. Y., Kabasakal, İ., Martsenkovskyi, D., Shoib, S., Ullah, İ., Vidal, J. S., Ogunnub, O. P., Claramonte, P. F., Erzin, G., Kılıc, O., Arimany, M. S., Pereira, V., Bashir, A., Toulopoulou, T. (2026). CORRELATES OF PSYCHOTIC LIKE EXPERIENCES AMONG YOUNG ADULTS DURING THE COVID19 PANDEMIC ACROSS FOUR COUNTRIES: A DATA MINING STUDY. Acta Medica Nicomedia, Cilt: 9, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1911246

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