Journals / Hitit Medical Journal / 2026 / Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Novel Noninvasive Indices for Distinguishing Graves’ Disease from Subacute Thyroiditis

Graves Hastalığı ve Subakut Tiroidit Ayırıcı Tanısı İçin Geliştirilen Noninvaziv İndeksler

Merve Çatak(TOKAT GAZIOSMANPASA UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-2654-3911
Mahmut Apaydın(AFYONKARAHISAR HEALTH SCIENCES UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-7533-7084
Pages
616–625
Publication Date
2026-10-14
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These indices may have potential as simple, rapid, and cost-effective tools to support clinical assessment, particularly in settings where additional diagnostic modalities are not readily available.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objectives: Graves’ disease (GD) and subacute thyroiditis (SAT) are common causes of thyrotoxicosis.
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Key Findings & Data:Accurate differential diagnosis is essential because of the distinct treatment approaches for these conditions; however, distinguishing between them may be challenging in clinical practice.
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Conclusion & Impact:These indices may have potential as simple, rapid, and cost-effective tools to support clinical assessment, particularly in settings where additional diagnostic modalities are not readily available.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Graves Hastalığı · Nötrofil/lenfosit oranı · Trombosit

Abstract

Objectives: Graves’ disease (GD) and subacute thyroiditis (SAT) are common causes of thyrotoxicosis. Accurate differential diagnosis is essential because of the distinct treatment approaches for these conditions; however, distinguishing between them may be challenging in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate hemogram and thyroid hormone parameters as simple diagnostic tools for differentiating GD from SAT and to develop novel indices for differential diagnosis. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 220 patients with GD, 148 patients with SAT, and 185 individuals in a control group. Parameters were compared between groups, and different indices derived from these laboratory measurements were calculated. Results: The FT4-to-FT3 ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-eosinophil ratio, and platelet counts were all significantly higher in the SAT group than in the GD group (p<0.001 for all). Using logistic regression analysis, a novel index incorporating the FT4/FT3 ratio, NLR, platelet count, and anti-TPO levels was developed. This index demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.910, specificity of 90.3%, and sensitivity of 71.3%. Comparable results were obtained with an index that excluded anti-TPO levels. Conclusion: The present study showed that two newly defined indices may be effective for differentiating SAT from GD. These indices may have potential as simple, rapid, and cost-effective tools to support clinical assessment, particularly in settings where additional diagnostic modalities are not readily available.

Özet

Amaç: Graves Hastalığı (GH) ve subakut tiroidit (SAT), tirotoksikozun en önemli nedenlerindendir. Bu iki hastalığın tedavi ve yaklaşımı farklı olduğu için ayırıcı tanının yapılması önemlidir. Ancak bazı durumlarda bu iki hastalığın ayırıcı tanısını yapmak güç olabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı hemogram ve tiroid hormon parametrelerinin GH ve SAT ayrımı amacı ile kullanımının değerlendirilmesi ve bu parametreleri kullanarak ayırıcı tanı için yeni indeksler ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma 220 adet GH olan, 148 adet SAT olan hasta ile 185 sağlıklı gönüllü içermektedir. Laboratuvar parametreleri gruplar arasında kıyaslandı ve anlamlı bulunan parametreleri içeren değişik indeksler hesaplandı. Bulgular: Serbest T4-serbest T3 oranı, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı, monosit/eozinofil oranı ve trombosit sayısı SAT grubunda GH grubuna kıyasla yüksek idi (p<0,001). Serbest T4-serbest T3 oranı, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı, trombosit sayısı ve anti TPO parametrelerinin ayırıcı tanıdaki başarıları logistic regresypn analizi ile değerlendirildi ve bu paramatreler kullanılarak yeni bir indeks hesaplandı. Bu yeni indeksin ayrıcı tanısını göstermek için yapılan ROC analizi sonucunda eğri altında kalan alanı 0,910, spesifisitesi %90,3, sensitivitesi %71,3 saptandı. Anti TPO içermeyen başka bir indeks de benzer başarı gösterdi. Sonuç: Mevcut çalışma SAT ve GH ayırıcı tanısı için iki adet kolay uygulanabilir ve basit indeksler tanımlamaktadır. Bu indekslerin, özellikle acil klinik durumlarda veya ek tanısal yöntemlerin mevcut olmadığı koşullarda, basit, hızlı ve maliyet-etkin tanısal araçlar olarak kullanılması önerilebilir.

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Cite This Article

Köseoğlu, D., Başer, Ö. Ö., Çatak, M., Çetin, Z., Apaydın, M. (2026). Novel Noninvasive Indices for Distinguishing Graves’ Disease from Subacute Thyroiditis. Hitit Medical Journal, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 616–625. https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1864317

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