Journals / Hitit Medical Journal / 2026 / Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Understanding the Therapeutic Relationship within a Behavioral Framework: Functional Analytic Psychotherapy

Terapötik İlişkiyi Davranışçı Bir Çerçevede Anlamak: Fonksiyonel Analitik Psikoterapi

Mehmet Emrah Karadere(İSTANBUL MEDENİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, RUH SAĞLIĞI VE HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0002-1404-9839
Ela Arı(İSTANBUL MEDİPOL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İNSAN VE TOPLUM BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-7051-3811
Furkan Bahadır Alptekin(İSTANBUL BAŞAKŞEHİR ÇAM VE SAKURA ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0002-3844-1800
Pages
770–782
Publication Date
2026-10-14
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

By providing a functional account of therapeutic interactions, FAP conceptualizes the therapeutic relationship as a scientifically grounded mechanism through which behavioral change can occur.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP), developed by Robert Kohlenberg and Mavis Tsai in 1991, is a contextual behavioral psychotherapy rooted in radical behaviorism that conceptualizes the therapeutic relationship as the primary mechanism of change.
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Key Findings & Data:This body of work demonstrates that relational behaviors occurring within the therapeutic relationship make a significant contribution to treatment efficacy.
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Conclusion & Impact:By providing a functional account of therapeutic interactions, FAP conceptualizes the therapeutic relationship as a scientifically grounded mechanism through which behavioral change can occur.
🔬Design:Derleme
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Cesaret · Davranışçılık · Farkındalık

Abstract

Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP), developed by Robert Kohlenberg and Mavis Tsai in 1991, is a contextual behavioral psychotherapy rooted in radical behaviorism that conceptualizes the therapeutic relationship as the primary mechanism of change. A central assumption of FAP is that clients bring their learning histories into therapy and that behaviors occurring within the therapeutic interaction are functionally equivalent to the interpersonal patterns that emerge in their everyday lives. From this perspective, the therapeutic relationship is conceptualized not merely as a vehicle for change, but as change itself. The theoretical foundations of FAP are based on clinical behavior analysis and empirical research on natural reinforcement processes. This body of work demonstrates that relational behaviors occurring within the therapeutic relationship make a significant contribution to treatment efficacy. FAP seeks to transform these intuitive interpersonal processes into an analytically coherent and teachable clinical framework. Rather than viewing therapeutic techniques and the therapeutic relationship as separate components, FAP conceptualizes them as integrated and mutually reinforcing elements of the change process. When behaviors that belong to the same functional class as the client's everyday difficulties emerge during therapy sessions, they are referred to as Clinically Relevant Behaviors (CRBs). Therapists attend to problematic in-session behaviors (CRB1), naturally reinforce improved and adaptive behaviors (CRB2), and facilitate the generalization of these newly acquired repertoires to the client's everyday environment. Guided by five therapeutic rules, this process places functional behavior analysis at the heart of clinical practice. As a principle- and process-based psychotherapy, FAP offers a flexible framework that can be integrated into the clinical practice of therapists from diverse theoretical orientations, including cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, existential, and Gestalt traditions. By providing a functional account of therapeutic interactions, FAP conceptualizes the therapeutic relationship as a scientifically grounded mechanism through which behavioral change can occur.

Özet

Fonksiyonel Analitik Psikoterapi (FAP), 1991 yılında Robert Kohlenberg ve Mavis Tsai tarafından radikal davranışçılık temelleri üzerine geliştirilmiş, terapötik ilişkiyi değişimin birincil aracı olarak konumlandıran bir psikoterapi yaklaşımıdır. FAP'ın temel varsayımı, bireyin terapi odasına tüm öğrenme geçmişini taşıdığı ve seansta ortaya çıkan davranışların günlük yaşamdaki kişilerarası örüntülerle işlevsel olarak eşdeğer olduğudur. Bu çerçevede terapi ilişkisi yalnızca bir araç değil, doğrudan değişimin kendisi olarak ele alınmaktadır. FAP'ın kuramsal temelleri, klinik davranış analizine ve doğal pekiştirme süreçlerine ilişkin deneysel çalışmalara dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmalar, terapötik ilişkide gerçekleşen ilişkisel davranış örüntülerinin tedavi etkinliğine anlamlı katkı sağladığını ortaya koymuştur. FAP, sezgisel düzeyde gerçekleşen bu ilişki davranışlarını analitik ve öğretilebilir bir sisteme dönüştürmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Teknikle birlikte ilişkinin de değişim sürecinde etkin bir rol üstlendiği görüşünden hareket eden FAP, her iki boyutu bütüncül bir yapı içinde ele almaktadır. Danışanın gündelik problemleri ile aynı işlevsel sınıftaki davranışları seans içinde ortaya çıktığında, buna klinikle ilgili davranış (KİD) denir. Terapist, seans içinde danışanın sorunlu davranışlarını (KİD1) fark eder, olumlu değişim gösteren davranışları (KİD2) doğal pekiştirme yoluyla güçlendirir ve bu değişimlerin günlük yaşama genelleştirilmesini destekler. Beş temel kural çerçevesinde yürütülen bu süreç, işlevsel davranış analizini terapinin merkezine taşımaktadır. İlke ve süreç temelli yapısıyla FAP, bilişsel davranışçı, dinamik, varoluşçu ve gestalt gibi farklı kuramsal geleneklerden gelen terapistlerin kendi pratiklerine entegre edebileceği esnek bir yaklaşım sunmakta; terapötik ilişkiyi bilimsel olarak açıklanabilir bir değişim mekanizması olarak ele almaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Karadere, M. E., Arı, E., Alptekin, F. B. (2026). Understanding the Therapeutic Relationship within a Behavioral Framework: Functional Analytic Psychotherapy. Hitit Medical Journal, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 770–782. https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1917803

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