SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Memleket Siyaset Yönetim / 2026 / Cilt: 21 Sayı: 47

CARBON-NEUTRAL CITY IMPLEMENTATION AS A TOOL FOR COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE: THE CASE OF COPENHAGEN

İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİYLE MÜCADELEDE BİR ARAÇ OLARAK KARBON NÖTR KENT UYGULAMASI: KOPENHAG ÖRNEĞİ

Abdulgazi Yıkıcı(KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-1230-1612
Abdulkadir Topal(KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-8280-8323
Pages
265–293
Publication Date
2026-09-15
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Against this background, the study evaluates the extent to which carbon-neutral city practices produce effective results in combating climate change, through the lens of the measures implemented by Copenhagen to achieve its carbon neutrality target.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Decarbonization policies play a central role in combating climate change.
📊
Key Findings & Data:As cities are responsible for the majority of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, they represent the most strategic spatial scale for decarbonization.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Against this background, the study evaluates the extent to which carbon-neutral city practices produce effective results in combating climate change, through the lens of the measures implemented by Copenhagen to achieve its carbon neutrality target.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:İklim Değişikliği · Dekarbonizasyon · Karbon Nötrlük

Abstract

Decarbonization policies play a central role in combating climate change. As cities are responsible for the majority of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, they represent the most strategic spatial scale for decarbonization. Within this framework, various emission targets have been set by political and civil organizations in cities. Carbon neutrality has emerged as one of the prominent emission targets in recent years. Against this background, the study evaluates the extent to which carbon-neutral city practices produce effective results in combating climate change, through the lens of the measures implemented by Copenhagen to achieve its carbon neutrality target.

Özet

İklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede dekarbonizasyon politikaları merkezî bir konuma sahiptir. Kentler, küresel enerji tüketimi ve sera gazı emisyonlarının büyük kısmından sorumlu olmaları nedeniyle dekarbonizasyon açısından en stratejik mekânsal ölçeği oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede kentlerdeki siyasi ve sivil örgütlenmeler tarafından çeşitli emisyon hedefleri belirlendiği görülmektedir. Son dönemde öne çıkan emisyon hedeflerinden biri de karbon nötrlüktür. Buradan hareketle çalışmada, karbon nötr kent uygulamalarının iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede ne ölçüde etkili sonuçlar doğurduğu, Kopenhag’ın karbon nötrlük hedefine ulaşmak amacıyla hayata geçirdiği uygulamalar ekseninde değerlendirilmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Yıkıcı, A., Topal, A., *, A. Y. (2026). CARBON-NEUTRAL CITY IMPLEMENTATION AS A TOOL FOR COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE: THE CASE OF COPENHAGEN. Memleket Siyaset Yönetim, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 47, 265–293. https://doi.org/10.56524/msydergi.1545077

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (61)

  1. Antoniou, L. (2023, 6 Nisan). How Copenhagen Challenged the Norm to Tackle Climate Change. https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/climate-action/how-copenhagen-challenged-the-norm-to-tackle-climate-change-8830
  2. Barbi, F., & De Macedo, L. V. (2019). Transnational Municipal Networks and Cities in Climate Governance: Experiments in Brazil. J. Van der Heijden, H. Bulkeley ve C. Certomà (Eds.), Urban Climate Politics: Agency and Empowerment (s. 59-79). Cambridge University Press.
  3. Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
  4. Bulkeley, H., Castán Broto, V., & Maassen, A. (2011). Governing Urban Low Carbon Transitions. H. Bulkeley, V. Castán Broto, M. Hodson ve S. Marvin (Eds.), Cities and Low Carbon Transitions (s. 29-41). Routledge.
  5. C40. (2018, 18 Ekim). Copenhagen to Host C40 Mayors Summit 2019. https://www.c40.org/news/copenhagen-to-host-c40-mayors-summit-2019/
  6. C40. (2023, 13 Kasım). Lord Mayor of Copenhagen Elected to C40 Cities Steering Committee. https://www.c40.org/news/lord-mayor-copenhagen-elected-c40-steering-committee/
  7. Chen, S., Xu, B., & Chen, B. (2018). Unfolding the Interplay Between Carbon Flows and Socioeconomic Development in a City: What Can Network Analysis Offer?. Applied Energy, 211, 403-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.11.064
  8. Christensen, P. W. (2022, 9 Mart). Remember the Experiences from Other Big Cities when We Test Congestion Charges in Copenhagen. https://www.paconsulting.com/newsroom/altinget-how-to-test-congestion-charges-in-copenhagen-the-right-way-9-march-2022#:~:text=In%20Denmark%2C%20the%20plan%20is,hour%20than%20outside%20rush%20hour
  9. Christensen, T. H., Friis, F., & Nielsen, M. V. (2022). Shifting from Ownership to Access and the Future for MaaS: Insights from Car Sharing Practices in Copenhagen. Case Studies on Transport Policy, 10(2), 841-850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2022.02.011
  10. City of Copenhagen. (2009). Copenhagen Climate Plan: The Short Version. https://www.omau-malaga.com/agendaurbana/subidas/archivos/arc_234.pdf
  11. City of Copenhagen. (2012). CPH 2025 Climate Plan: A Green, Smart and Carbon Neutral City. https://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/983_jkP0ekKMyD.pdf
  12. City of Copenhagen. (2016). CPH 2025 Climate Plan Roadmap 2017-2020. https://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/1586_0kE7bzR28V.pdf
  13. City of Copenhagen. (2020). CPH 2025 Climate Plan: Roadmap 2021-2025. https://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/2062_129d045097bb.pdf
  14. Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. SAGE Publications.
  15. Damsø, T., Kjær, T., & Christensen, T. B. (2017). Implementation of Local Climate Action Plans: Copenhagen - Towards a Carbon-Neutral Capital. Journal of Cleaner Production, 167, 406-415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.156
  16. Dhanda, K. K., & Murphy, P. J. (2011). The New Wild West is Green: Carbon Offset Markets, Transactions, and Providers. Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(4), 37-49. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2009.0110
  17. EnergyLab Nordhavn. (t.y.). A Smart City Energy Lab. 12 Mart 2024 tarihinde http://www.energylabnordhavn.com/ adresinden erişildi.
  18. ERTICO-ITS Europe (Ed.). (2019). Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning. https://urban-mobility-observatory.transport.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-11/maas_and_sustainable_urban_mobility_planning.pdf
  19. Ferdyn-Grygierek, J., Sarna, I., & Grygierek, K. (2021). Effects of Climate Change on Thermal Comfort and Energy Demand in a Single-Family House in Poland. Buildings, 11(12), 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11120595
  20. Finkbeiner, M., & Bach, V. (2021). Life Cycle Assessment of Decarbonization Options-Towards Scientifically Robust Carbon Neutrality. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 26(4), 635-639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-021-01902-4
  21. Floater, G., Rode, P., & Zenghelis, D. (2014). Copenhagen: Green Economy Leader Report. LSE Cities, London School of Economics and Political Science.
  22. Freudendal-Pedersen, M., Lindberg, M. R., Hartmann-Petersen, K., & Christensen, T. H. (2023). Outgrowing the Private Car—Learnings from a Mobility-as-a-Service Intervention in Greater Copenhagen. Sustainability, 15(17), 13187. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713187
  23. Garnaut, R. (2008). The Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report. https://library.bsl.org.au/jspui/bitstream/1/1002/1/Garnaut%20Climate%20Change%20Review%20-%20Final%20Report2008.pdf
  24. Goodfield, D., Anda, M., & Ho, G. (2014). Carbon Neutral Mine Site Villages: Myth or Reality?. Renewable Energy, 66, 62-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.11.058
  25. Ho, T. N., Wu, W. Y., Nguyen, P. T., & Chen, H. C. (2019). The Moderating Effects for the Relationships Between Green Customer Value, Green Brand Equity and Behavioral Intention. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 18(4), 1-21.
  26. International Energy Agency & Nordic Energy Research. (2016). Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives 2016: Cities, Flexibility and Pathways to Carbon-Neutrality. Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives.
  27. Kalamees, T., Jylhä, K., Tietäväinen, H., Jokisalo, J., Ilomets, S., Hyvönen, R., & Saku, S. (2012). Development of Weighting Factors for Climate Variables for Selecting the Energy Reference Year According to the EN ISO 15927-4 Standard. Energy and Buildings, 47, 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENBUILD.2011.11.031
  28. Leonardsen, Ø. (2012). The Quest for Carbon Neutrality in Copenhagen. 25 Şubat 2024 tarihinde https://www.bbsr.bund.de/BBSR/DE/veroeffentlichungen/izr/2012/5_6/Inhalt/DL_Leonardsen.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1 adresinden erişildi.
  29. Lou, Z., Cai, B. F., Zhu, N., Zhao, Y., Geng, Y., Yu, B., & Chen, W. (2017). Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories from Waste Sector in China During 1949–2013 and Its Mitigation Potential. Journal of Cleaner Production, 157, 118-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.135
  30. Low, S., & Boettcher, M. (2020). Delaying Decarbonization: Climate Governmentalities and Sociotechnical Strategies from Copenhagen to Paris. Earth System Governance, 5, 100073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2020.100073
  31. Murray, J., & Dey, C. (2009). The Carbon Neutral Free for All. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 3(2), 237-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2008.07.004
  32. Mutschler, R., Rüdisüli, M., Heer, P., & Eggimann, S. (2021). Benchmarking Cooling and Heating Energy Demands Considering Climate Change, Population Growth and Cooling Device Uptake. Applied Energy, 288, 116636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116636
  33. NASA. (2008, 16 Temmuz). Global Ocean Wind Energy Potential. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/8916/global-ocean-wind-energy-potential
  34. OneNYC. (2023). A Livable Climate. https://globalgeek.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/OneNYC-2050-A-Livable-Climate.pdf
  35. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2009). OECD Territorial Reviews: Copenhagen, Denmark. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2009/03/oecd-territorial-reviews-copenhagen-denmark-2009_g1gha928/9789264060036-en.pdf
  36. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2021). Innovative Mobility Services in Finland. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2021/09/ipac-policies-in-practice_1a65968e/innovative-mobility-services-in-finland_d7af5928/bc4ce864-en.pdf
  37. Oxford Learner’s Dictionary. (t.y.). Carbon-Neutral. 3 Temmuz 2023 tarihinde https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/carbon-neutral?q=carbon+neutral adresinden erişildi.
  38. Patterson, J., Schulz, K., Vervoort, J., Van Der Hel, S., Widerberg, O., Adler, C.,. & Barau, A. (2017). Exploring the Governance and Politics of Transformations Towards Sustainability. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 24, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2016.09.001
  39. Pilpola, S., Arabzadeh, V., Mikkola, J., & Lund, P. D. (2019). Analyzing National and Local Pathways to Carbon-Neutrality from Technology, Emissions, and Resilience Perspectives—Case of Finland. Energies, 12(5), 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050949
  40. Procura+. (t.y.). Procura+ European Sustainable Procurement Network. 25 Şubat 2024 tarihinde https://procuraplus.org/home/ adresinden erişildi.
  41. Rauland, V., & Newman, P. (2015). Decarbonising Cities: Mainstreaming Low Carbon Urban Development. Springer.
  42. Shafique, M., Kim, R., & Rafiq, M. (2018). Green Roof Benefits, Opportunities and Challenges – A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90, 757-773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.006
  43. Simons, H. (2014). Case Study Research: In-Depth Understanding in Context. P. Leavy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Qualitative Research (s. 455-470). Oxford University Press.
  44. Smeds, E., & Acuto, M. (2018). Networking Cities After Paris: Weighing the Ambition of Urban Climate Change Experimentation. Global Policy, 9(4), 549-559. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12587
  45. Sovacool, B. K. (2017). Contestation, Contingency, and Justice in the Nordic Low-Carbon Energy Transition. Energy Policy, 102, 569-582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.12.045
  46. Statista. (2024). Gross Domestic Product Per Capita of Copenhagen from 2002 to 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1304716/copenhagen-gdp-per-capita/
  47. Stern, N. (2006). Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change. http://mudancasclimaticas.cptec.inpe.br/~rmclima/pdfs/destaques/sternreview_report_complete.pdf
  48. Szumski, C. (2022, 23 Ağustos). Copenhagen’s Dream of Being Carbon Neutral by 2025 Goes up in Smoke. https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/copenhagens-dream-of-being-carbon-neutral-by-2025-go-up-in-smoke/
  49. Tellis, W. M. (1997). Introduction to Case Study. The Qualitative Report, 3(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/1997.2024
  50. The Mayor. (2023, 29 Mayıs). Copenhagen Creates Parking Lots Only for E-Car Sharing Services. https://www.themayor.eu/en/a/view/copenhagen-creates-parking-lots-only-for-e-car-sharing-services-11861
  51. United Nations. (2010). Report of the Conference of the Parties on Its Fifteenth Session, Held in Copenhagen from 7 to 19 December 2009. https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2009/cop15/eng/11a01.pdf
  52. van Doren, D., Driessen, P. P., Runhaar, H. A., & Giezen, M. (2020). Learning Within Local Government to Promote the Scaling-Up of Low-Carbon Initiatives: A Case Study in the City of Copenhagen. Energy Policy, 136, 111030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111030
  53. Victor, D. G., Abdulla, A., Auston, D., Brase, W., Brouwer, J., Brown, K.,. & Weil, D. (2018). Turning Paris into Reality at the University of California. Nature Climate Change, 8(3), 183-185. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0103-3
  54. Weather and Climate. (t.y.). Copenhagen, Capital, Denmark Climate. 25 Şubat 2024 tarihinde https://weatherandclimate.com/denmark/capital-denmark/copenhagen#:~:text=Copenhagen%20Climate%20Summary&text=The%20district’s%20yearly%20temperature%20is,%25%20of%20the%20time)%20annually adresinden erişildi.
  55. Wenande, C. (2016, 2 Aralık). Copenhagen Wins International Climate Award. https://cphpost.dk/2016-12-02/news/copenhagen-wins-international-climate-award/
  56. Wittstock, B., Goerke, J., & Blumberg, M. (2019). 2 DEGREES - Understanding the Contribution of Cities to a Carbon Neutral Society. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 323(1), 012072. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/323/1/012072
  57. Wonderful Copenhagen. (2017, 13 Aralık). Copenhagen Wins International Climate Prize. https://www.wonderfulcopenhagen.com/convention-bureau/news-room/copenhagen-wins-international-climate-prize
  58. World Economic Forum. (2018, 5 Ekim). What Makes Copenhagen the World’s Most Bike-Friendly City?. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/10/what-makes-copenhagen-the-worlds-most-bike-friendly-city/
  59. Xie, R., Fang, J., & Liu, C. (2017). The Effects of Transportation Infrastructure on Urban Carbon Emissions. Applied Energy, 196, 199-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.020
  60. Zainal, Z. (2007). Case Study as a Research Method. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, 5(1), 1-6.
  61. Zhang, C., Dong, H., Geng, Y., Song, X., Zhang, T., & Zhuang, M. (2022). Carbon Neutrality Prediction of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Sector Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 186, 106528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106528