Journals / MANTAR DERGİSİ / 2026 / Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2

Determination of Some Fungal Spores in the Atmosphere of Iğdır and Comparison with Meteorological Factors

Iğdır Atmosferindeki Bazı Mantar Sporlarının Belirlenmesi ve Meteorolojik Faktörlerle Karşılaştırılması

Mustafa Kemal Altunoğlu(KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ, BOTANİK ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0001-6906-3403
Baykan Ataş(Kafkas Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı)0000-0002-5061-5164
Pages
110–123
Publication Date
2024-10-14
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It was determined that the density of fungal spores was at a high level between August and October and that this period posed a risk for individuals with an allergic tendency to fungal spores.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In this study, the density of fungal spores belonging to 10 specific taxa with allergenic effects and their relationship with meteorological factors in the atmosphere of Iğdır, Türkiye was investigated.
📊
Key Findings & Data:A total of 156702 spores/m3 were detected in the atmosphere of Iğdır during the study.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:It was determined that the density of fungal spores was at a high level between August and October and that this period posed a risk for individuals with an allergic tendency to fungal spores.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Aerobiyoloji · Atmosferik mantar sporları · Volümetrik yöntem

Abstract

In this study, the density of fungal spores belonging to 10 specific taxa with allergenic effects and their relationship with meteorological factors in the atmosphere of Iğdır, Türkiye was investigated. Hirst trap device was used for atmospheric spore sampling during the study. As a result of the study, fungal spores were found more or less in the atmosphere in all months. A total of 156702 spores/m3 were detected in the atmosphere of Iğdır during the study. The densities of the 10 taxa detected in the atmosphere of Iğdır were recorded as Cladosporium (85.00%), Alternaria (6.16%), Aspergillus/Penicillium (5.91%), Fusarium (1.30%), Epicoccum (0.61%), Chaetomium (0.26%), Drechslera (0.24%), Stemphylium/ Ulocladium (0.21%), Pithomyces (0.19%) and Curvularia (0.11%), respectively. It was determined that the density of fungal spores was at a high level between August and October and that this period posed a risk for individuals with an allergic tendency to fungal spores.

Özet

Bu çalışmada alerjik etkiye sahip geniş yayılışı bulunan belirli 10 adet taksona ait mantar sporlarının Iğdır, Türkiye atmosferindeki yoğunluğu ve meteorolojik faktörlerle ilişkisi araştırıldı. Çalışma süresince atmosferik spor örneklemeleri için Hirst tip örnekleme cihazı kullanıldı. Çalışma sonucunda tüm aylarda atmosferde az ya da çok mantar sporuna rastlandı. Çalışma süresince Iğdır atmosferinde toplam 156702 spor/m3 tespit edildi. Iğdır atmosferinde tespit edilen 10 taksonun yoğunlukları sırasıyla Cladosporium (%85.00), Alternaria (%6.16), Aspergillus/Penicillium (%5.91), Fusarium (%1.30), Epicoccum (%0.61), Chaetomium (%0.26), Drechslera (%0.24), Stemphylium/Ulocladium (%0.21), Pithomyces (%0.19) ve Curvularia (%0.11) olarak tespit edildi. Ağustos – Ekim ayları arasında mantar spor yoğunluğunun yüksek seviyede olduğu ve bu dönem mantar sporlarına alerjik yatkınlığı olan bireyler için risk oluşturduğu tespit edildi.

🔖

Cite This Article

Altunoğlu, M. K., Ataş, B. (2024). Determination of Some Fungal Spores in the Atmosphere of Iğdır and Comparison with Meteorological Factors. MANTAR DERGİSİ, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 110–123. https://doi.org/10.30708/mantar.1527087

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (68)

  1. Abbas, S., Katelaris, C. H., Singh, A. B., Raza, S. M., Khan, M. A., Rashid, M., Abbas, M. and Ismail, M. (2012). World allergy organization study on aerobiology for creating first pollen and mold calendar with clinical significance in islamabad, pakistan; a project of world allergy organization and pakistan allergy, asthma and clinical immunology centre of islamabad. World allergy organization Journal, 5(9), 103-110
  2. Abdel-Azeem A.M. (2020) Taxonomy and Biodiversity of the Genus Chaetomium in Different Habitats. In: Recent Developments on Genus Chaetomium. Abdel-Azeems AM (ed), Fungal Biology. Springer Nature, Switzerland AG, 3–77
  3. Abu-Dieyeh, M.H. and Barham, R. (2014). Concentrations and dynamics of fungal spore populations in the air of Zarqa, Jordan, using the volumetric method. Grana, 53(2), 117-132
  4. Agarwal, M.K., Jones, R.T. and Yunginger, J.W. (1982). Shared allergenic and antigenic determinants in Alternaria and Stemphylium/Ulocladium extracts. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 70(6), 437-444
  5. Akgül, H., Yılmazkaya, D., Akata, I., Tosunoğlu, A. and Bıçakçı, A. (2016). Determination of airborne fungal spores of Gaziantep (SE Turkey). Aerobiologia, 32(3), 441-452
  6. Alastruey-Izquierdo, A., Cuenca-Estrella, M., Monzon, A., Mellado, E. and Rodríguez-Tudela, J.L. (2008). Antifungal susceptibility profile of clinical Fusarium spp. isolates identified by molecular methods. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 61(4), 805-809
  7. Aşçı, B., Çeter, T., Alan, Ş., Pınar, N.M. ve Yalçınkaya, B. (2010). Ankara havasının doğal kirleticileri. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 3(1), 19-25
  8. Ataygül, E., Çelenk, S., Canıtez, Y., Bıçakçı, A., Malyer, H. and Sapan, N. (2007). Allergenic fungal spore concentrations in the atmosphere of Bursa, Turkey. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences, 1(2), 73-79
  9. Bartynski, J.M., McCaffrey, T.V. and Frigas, E. (1990). Allergic fungal sinusitis secondary to dermatiaceous fungi—Curvularia lunata and Alternaria. Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 103(1), 32-39
  10. Bednarz, A. and Pawlowska, S. (2016). A fungal spore calendar for the atmosphere of Szczecin, Poland. Acta Agrobotanica, 69(3), 1-9
  11. Bensch, K., Braun, U., Groenewald, J.Z. and Crous, P.W. (2012). The Genus Cladosporium. Studies in Mycology, 72, 1-401
  12. Bisht, V., Arora, N., Singh, B.P., Gaur, S.N. and Sridhara, S. (2004). Purification and characterization of a major cross-reactive allergen from Epicoccum purpurascens. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 133(3), 217-224
  13. Bouziane, H., Latgé, J.P., Fitting, C., Mecheri, S., Lelong, M. and David, B. (2005). Comparison of the allergenic potency of spores and mycelium of Cladosporium. Allergologia et immunopathologia, 33(3), 125-130
  14. Bush, R.K. and Portnoy, J.M. (2001). The role and abatement of fungal allergens in allergic diseases. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 107(3), 430-440
  15. Chakrabarti, H.S., Das, S. and Gupta-Bhattacharya, S. (2012). Outdoor airborne fungal spora load in a suburb of Kolkata, India: its variation, meteorological determinants and health impact. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 22(1), 37-50
  16. Çeter, T. ve Pınar, N.M., (2009). 2003 Yılında Ankara Atmosferi Mantar Sporları Konsantrasyonu ve Meteorolojik Faktörlerin Etkisi. Mikrobiyol Bul, 43, 627-638.
  17. Çeter, T., Bayar, E., Eltajthisi, M.N., İşlek, C. and Pınar, N.M. (2020). Investigation of fungi spores concentration in Niğde Atmosphere (Turkey). Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology, 29(2), 351-364
  18. D'Amato, G., Chatzigeorgiou, G., Corsico, R., Gioulekas, D., Jäger, L., Jäger, S., Kontou-Fili, K., Kthisidakis, S., Liccardi, G., Meriggi, A., Palma-Carlos, A., Palma-Carlos, M.L., Pagan Aleman, A., Parmiani, S., Puccinelli, R., Russo, M., Spieksma, F. Th. M., Torricelli, R. and Wüthrich, B. (1997). Evaluation of the prevalence of skin prick test positivity to Alternaria and Cladosporium in patients with suspected respiratory allergy: a European multicenter study promoted by the Subcommittee on Aerobiology and Environmental Aspects of Inhalant Allergens of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. Allergy, 52(7), 711-716
  19. De Antoni Zoppas, B.C., Valencia-Barrera, R.M., Vergamini Duso, S.M. and Fernández-González, D. (2006). Fungal spores prevalent in the aerosol of the city of Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, over a 2-year period (2001–2002). Aerobiologia, 22(2), 117-124
  20. Deacon, J. W., (2006) Fungal Biology, 4th edition. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford/UK, 371.
  21. Dean, R., Van Kan, J.A., Pretorius, Z.A., Hammond‐Kosack, K.E., Di Pietro, A., Spanu, P.D., Rudd, J.J., Dickman, M., Kahmann, R., Ellis, J. and Foster, G.D. (2012). The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology, 13(4), 414-430
  22. Dixit, A.B., Lewis, W.H. and Wedner, H.J. (1992). The allergens of Epicoccum nigrum link: I. Identification of the allergens by immunoblotting. Journal of Allergy and Clinical İmmunology, 90(1), 11-20
  23. Dugan, F.M., Schubert, K. and Braun, U. (2004). Check-list of Cladosporium names. Schlechtendalia, 11, 1-103
  24. Fernández-Rodríguez, S., Tormo-Molina, R., Maya-Manzano, J.M., Silva-Palacios, I. and Gonzalo-Garijo, Á. (2014). Outdoor airborne fungi captured by viable and non-viable methods. Fungal Ecology, 7, 16-26.
  25. Fernández-Rodríguez, S., Sadyś, M., Smith, M., Tormo-Molina, R., Skjøth, C.A., Maya-Manzano, J.M., Silva-Palacios, I. and Gonzalo-Garijo, Á. (2015). Potential sthisces of airborne Alternaria spp. spores in South-west Spain. Science of the Total Environment, 533, 165-176
  26. Filali Ben Sidel, F., Bouziane, H., del Mar Trigo, M., El Haskthisi, F., Bardei, F., Redouane, A., Kadiri, M., Riadi, H. and Kazzaz, M. (2015). Airborne fungal spores of Alternaria, meteorological parameters and predicting variables. International Journal of Biometeorology, 59(3), 339-346
  27. Fuste, F.J., Ajello, L., Threlkeld, R., and Henry Jr, J.E. (1973). Drechslera hawaiiensis: causative agent of a fatal fungal meningo-encephalitis. Sabthisaudia, 11(1), 59-63
  28. Göner, İ. (1995). Iğdır Ovası ve Çevresinde Yaylacılık. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 1(1), 229-245
  29. Gravesen, S. (1979). Fungi as a cause of allergic disease. Allergy, 34(3), 135-154
  30. Grinn-Gofroń, A. and Mika, A. (2008). Selected airborne allergenic fungal spores and meteorological factors in Szczecin, Poland, 2004–2006. Aerobiologia, 24(2), 89-97
  31. Grinn-Gofroń, A. (2011). Airborne Aspergillus and Penicillium in the atmosphere of Szczecin,(Poland)(2004–2009). Aerobiologia, 27(1), 67-76
  32. Grinn-Gofroń, A. and Bosiacka, B. (2015). Effects of meteorological factors on the composition of selected fungal spores in the air. Aerobiologia, 31(1), 63-72
  33. Grinn-Gofroń, A., Çeter, T., Pinar, N.M., Bosiacka, B., Çeter, S., Keçeli, T., Myśliwy, M., Acar Şahin, A. and Bogawski, P. (2020). Airborne fungal spore load and season timing in the Central and Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey explained by climate conditions and land use. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 295, 108191
  34. Herrero, A.D., Ruiz, S.S., Bustillo, M.G. and Morales, P.C. (2006). Study of airborne fungal spores in Madrid, Spain. Aerobiologia, 22(2), 133-140
  35. Hjelmroos, M. (1993). Relationship between airborne fungal spore presence and weather variables: Cladosporium and Alternaria. Grana, 32(1), 40-47
  36. Houbraken, J., de Vries, R.P. and Samson, R.A. (2014). Modern taxonomy of biotechnologically important Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Advances in Applied Microbiology, 86, 199-249
  37. Kaltakkıran, G. (2023). Analysis of meteorology and climate data for energy applications in ardahan province. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 13(3), 2026-2041. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1223780
  38. Karaoğlu, M. (2014). Agricultural meteorological properties of aras basin in turkey. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.24089
  39. Karaoğlu, M. (2023). Creation of iğdır geological map with geographic information systems (gis) and comparison with large soil groups. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3739798/v1. Accessed 07 July 2024.
  40. Kaya, F. (2015). Iğdır ili'nin idari coğrafya analizi. Journal of International Social Research, 8(41) 703-716
  41. Khosravi, A.R., Fatahinia, M., Shokri, H. and Yadegari, M.H., (2012). Allergens from Fusarium solani identified by immunoblotting in asthma patients in Iran. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol., 63(1), 1-5
  42. Kilic, M., Altunoglu, M.K., Akdogan, G.E., Akpınar, S., Taskın, E. and Erkal, A.H. (2020). Airborne fungal spore relationships with meteorological parameters and skin prick test results in Elazig, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 18(2), 1271-1280
  43. Koçak, R., Tor, M., Dönmez, S., & Tekeli, A. (2022). Iğdir i̇li̇ aralik i̇lçesi̇ selleri̇ni̇n gpm uydu yağiş veri̇leri̇nden i̇lk ve son ürünleri̇ i̇le i̇ncelenmesi̇. VIII. Uzaktan Algılama-CBS Sempozyumu (Uzal-CBS 2022) https://doi.org/10.15659/uzalcbs2022.12801
  44. Kurup, V.P. and Kumar, A. (1991). Immunodiagnosis of aspergillosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 4(4), 439-456
  45. Menezes, E.A., Gambale, W., Macedo, M.S., Abdalla, D.S., Paula, C.R., and Croce, J. (1995). Biochemical, antigenic and allergenic characterization of crude extracts of Drechslera (Helminthosporium) monoceras. Mycopathologia, 131(2), 75-81
  46. Meng, J., Barnes, C.S., Rosenwasser, L.J. and Children's Mercy Center for Environmental Health. (2012). Identity of the fungal species present in the homes of asthmatic children. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 42(10), 1448-1458
  47. Naranjo-Ortiz, M.A. and Gabaldón, T. (2019) Fungal Evolution: Major Ecological Adaptations and Evolutionary Transitions. Biological Reviews, 94, 1443-1476. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12510
  48. Oliveira, M., Delgado, L., Ribeiro, H. and Abreu, I. (2010). Fungal spores from Pleosporales in the atmosphere of urban and rural locations in Portugal. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 12(5), 1187-1194
  49. Pennington, J.E. (1980). Aspergillus lung disease. Medical Clinics of North America, 64(3), 475-490
  50. Rolston, K.V., Hopfer, R.L. and Larson, D.L. (1985). Infections caused by Drechslera species: case report and review of the literature. Rev Infect Dis., 7(4), 525-529
  51. Rotondo, F., Collina, M., Brunelli, A. and Pryor, B.M. (2012). Comparison of Alternaria spp. collected in Italy from apple with A. mali and other AM-toxin producing strains. Phytopathology, 102(12), 1130-1142
  52. Roy, S. and Gupta Bhattacharya, S. (2020). Airborne fungal spore concentration in an industrial township: distribution and relation with meteorological parameters. Aerobiologia, 36(4), 575-587
  53. Sadyś, M., Strzelczak, A., Grinn-Gofroń, A. and Kennedy, R. (2015). Application of redundancy analysis for aerobiological data. International Journal of Biometeorology, 59(1), 25-36
  54. Sadyś, M., Kennedy, R. and West, J.S. (2016). Potential impact of climate change on fungal distributions: analysis of 2 years of contrasting weather in the UK. Aerobiologia, 32(1), 127-137
  55. Sarda-Estève, R., Baisnée, D., Guinot, B., Sodeau, J., O’connor, D., Belmonte, J., Besancenot, Jp., Petit, J.E., Thibaudon, M., Oliver, G., Sindt, C. and Gros, V. (2019). Variability and geographical origin of five years airborne fungal spore concentrations measured at Saclay, France from 2014 to 2018. Remote Sensing, 11(14), 1671 1-29
  56. Soldevilla, C.G., Gonzalez, P.C., Teno, P.A. and Vilches, E.D. (2007). Spanish Aerobiology Network (REA): management and quality manual. Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Córdoba, 1-300.
  57. Songnuan, W., Bunnag, C., Soontrapa, K., Pacharn, P., Wangthan, U., Siriwattanakul, U. and Malainual, N. (2018). Airborne fungal spore distribution in Bangkok, Thailand: correlation with meteorological variables and sensitization in allergic rhinitis patients. Aerobiologia, 34(4), 513-524
  58. Sousa, L., Camacho, I. C., Grinn-Gofroń, A. and Camacho, R. (2016). Monitoring of anamorphic fungal spores in Madeira region (Portugal), 2003–2008. Aerobiologia, 32(2), 303-315
  59. Şimşek, O. and Alim, M. (2009). Iğdır İli’nin turizm potansiyeli. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3, 1-26
  60. Tan, M. ve Temel, S. (2017). Erzurum ve Iğdır şartlarında yetiştirilen farklı kinoa genotiplerinin kuru madde verimi ve bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 7(4), 257-263
  61. Temel, S. (2018). Tuzlu-alkali meralarda yaygın olarak yetişen çorak çimi (puccinellia distans) ve sahil ayrığı (aeluropus littoralis) bitkilerinin farklı gelişme dönemlerindeki besin i̇çeriklerinin belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 237-246. https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.440309
  62. Thomma, B.P. (2003). Alternaria spp.: from general saprophyte to specific parasite. Molecular Plant Pathology, 4(4), 225-236
  63. Von Arx, J.A. (1986). The ascomycete genus Gymnoascus. Persoonia, 13(2), 173–183
  64. Webster, J. and Weber, R., (2007). Introduction to Fungi, Third Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/UK, 331.
  65. Woudenberg, J.H.C., Groenewald, J.Z., Binder, M. and Crous, P.W. (2013). Alternaria redefined. Studies in Mycology, 75(1), 171-212
  66. Yılmazkaya, D., Akgül, H., Altunoğlu, M. K., Tosunoğlu, A. ve Bıçakçı, A. (2019). Fungal spore calendar of Yalova province (2005). Mantar Dergisi, 10(2), 116-123
  67. Yulu, A. (2014) Dilucu Sınır Kapısı’nın Iğdır Şehri üzerindeki etkileri. Coğrafya Dergisi, (28), 20-35
  68. Yükselen, Ü.A., Akdağ, P., Korkmaz Güvenmez, H., Çeter, T., Yılmaz, M., Bingöl Karakoç, G., Pınar, N.M. ve Ufuk Altıntaş, D. (2013). Adana atmosferindeki fungal spor konsantrasyonlarının meteorolojik faktörlerle değişimi ve elde edilen fungal ekstrelerin deri prik testinde kullanımı. Asthma Allergy Immunology, 11(2), 103-111