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Journals / Maltepe Tıp Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3

Serum XBP-1 as a Novel Biomarker for Sensitive Prediction of Gestational Diabetes

Gestasyonel Diyabetin Duyarlı Öngörüsünde Yeni Bir Biyobelirteç Olarak Serum XBP-1

Cagseli Ozgun Selcuk(SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL HASEKİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ, CERRAHİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ)0009-0004-4394-9029
Cihan Kaya(ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF SURGICAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY)0000-0003-4175-7694
Sinem Tekin(Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı, Medicana Ataşehir Hastanesi, İstanbul, Türkiye)0000-0003-4183-6472
Ali Çetin(SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL HASEKİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ, CERRAHİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0002-5767-7894
Pages
90–97
Publication Date
2025-12-31
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Further validation studies in diverse populations are needed to establish its clinical utility.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:We investigated serum X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) as a diagnostic biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
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Key Findings & Data:This study included 88 gravidae, spanning 18–45 years, who underwent GDM screening via 75-g 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at XXXXXX Hospital.
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Conclusion & Impact:Further validation studies in diverse populations are needed to establish its clinical utility.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Gestasyonel diabetes mellitus · X-box bağlayıcı protein 1 · Biyobelirteç

Abstract

Abstract Objective. We investigated serum X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) as a diagnostic biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. This study included 88 gravidae, spanning 18–45 years, who underwent GDM screening via 75-g 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at XXXXXX Hospital. The serum XBP-1 was determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay concurrent with OGTT. We determined the relation of serum XBP-1 with physiological parameters, including anthropometric measurements and cardiovascular indices. The value of XBP-1 was assessed in the diagnosis of GDM. Results. Serum XBP-1 levels were significantly higher in women with GDM compared to those with normal glucose tolerance (5.12±1.65 vs. 2.05±0.40 ng/mL, p<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that even early-stage GDM patients had elevated XBP-1 levels (4.36±1.05 ng/mL) compared to controls (p<0.001). XBP-1 showed strong positive correlations with fasting and postprandial glucose levels and BMI (all p<0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance with area under the curve of 0.99, achieving 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity at a cutoff value of 2.71 ng/mL. Conclusions. Serum XBP-1 represents a promising non-invasive biomarker for early GDM detection, potentially complementing OGTT. Further validation studies in diverse populations are needed to establish its clinical utility.

Özet

Özet Amaç. Gestasyonel diabetes mellitus (GDM) için tanısal bir biyobelirteç olarak serum X-box bağlayıcı protein 1'i (XBP-1) araştırdık. Yöntemler. Bu çalışma, XXXXXX Hastanesi'nde 75-g 2-saatlik Oral Glukoz Tolerans Testi (OGTT) ile GDM taraması yapılan 18-45 yaş aralığındaki 88 gebeyi kapsadı. Serum XBP-1, OGTT ile eş zamanlı olarak enzim bağlı immünosorbent assay yöntemiyle belirlendi. Serum XBP-1'in antropometrik ölçümler ve kardiyovasküler indeksler dahil olmak üzere fizyolojik parametrelerle ilişkisini belirledik. XBP-1'in GDM tanısındaki değeri değerlendirildi. Bulgular. Serum XBP-1 düzeyleri, GDM'li kadınlarda normal glukoz toleransı olan kadınlara kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksekti (5,12±1,65'e karşı 2,05±0,40 ng/mL, p<0,001). Alt grup analizi, erken evre GDM hastalarının bile kontrollere kıyasla yüksek XBP-1 düzeylerine (4,36±1,05 ng/mL) sahip olduğunu ortaya koydu (p<0,001). XBP-1, açlık ve tokluk glukoz düzeyleri ve BMI ile güçlü pozitif korelasyonlar gösterdi (tümü p<0,001). ROC analizi, eğri altında kalan alan 0,99 ile mükemmel tanısal performans gösterdi ve 2,71 ng/mL kesme değerinde %100 duyarlılık ve %99 özgüllük elde edildi. Sonuçlar. Serum XBP-1, erken GDM tespiti için umut vadeden non-invaziv bir biyobelirteç olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve potansiyel olarak OGTT'yi tamamlayabilmektedir. Klinik faydasını belirlemek için farklı popülasyonlarda daha fazla doğrulama çalışmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

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Cite This Article

Selcuk, C. O., Kaya, C., Tekin, S., Çetin, A. (2025). Serum XBP-1 as a Novel Biomarker for Sensitive Prediction of Gestational Diabetes. Maltepe Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 90–97. https://doi.org/10.35514/mtd.2025.136

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