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Journals / Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 41

Allelopathic effects of different essential oils on seed germination of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)

Farklı uçucu yağların ısırgan otu (Urtica dioica L.) ve semizotu (Portulaca oleracea L.) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine allelopatik etkileri

Merve Göre(EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-9350-5910
Filiz Kılıç(EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0009-3077-5724
Betül Avcı(EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-9541-6284
Zeynep Cıyrık(EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0005-9763-0547
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-07-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These results indicate that oregano oil is the strongest bioherbicide candidate among those tested, and that purslane is more broadly sensitive than stinging nettle, likely reflecting differences in seed morphology.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study investigated the allelopathic effects of eight essential oils (oregano, lavender, bay leaf, rosemary, lemon, orange, sage and myrtle) on seed germination of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.).
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Key Findings & Data:Essential oils were applied by micropipette at 2000, 3500 and 5000 ppm onto filter paper in Petri dishes (20 seeds, 3 replicates) and incubated at 25°C in complete darkness for 28 days.
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Conclusion & Impact:These results indicate that oregano oil is the strongest bioherbicide candidate among those tested, and that purslane is more broadly sensitive than stinging nettle, likely reflecting differences in seed morphology.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2000 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Allelopati · Uçucu yağ · Çimlenme inhibasyon

Abstract

This study investigated the allelopathic effects of eight essential oils (oregano, lavender, bay leaf, rosemary, lemon, orange, sage and myrtle) on seed germination of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Essential oils were applied by micropipette at 2000, 3500 and 5000 ppm onto filter paper in Petri dishes (20 seeds, 3 replicates) and incubated at 25°C in complete darkness for 28 days. Germination count, germination percentage (GP%) and germination index (GI) were recorded; data were analysed by one-way and two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test. Oil type exerted a highly significant effect in both species (stinging nettle: F(7,48) = 169.067, p < 0.001; purslane: F(7,48) = 67.532, p < 0.001), while the concentration main effect was non-significant. A significant oil × concentration interaction was detected in purslane (F(14,48) = 2.196, p = 0.022). Oregano oil fully inhibited germination at all concentrations in both species (GP = 0%, GI = 0). Sage oil reduced purslane germination in a dose-dependent manner (GP = 20% at 5000 ppm), and myrtle oil showed a similar inhibitory profile at 3500–5000 ppm. The remaining five oils showed no statistically significant inhibitory effect in either species. These results indicate that oregano oil is the strongest bioherbicide candidate among those tested, and that purslane is more broadly sensitive than stinging nettle, likely reflecting differences in seed morphology.

Özet

Bu çalışmada; sekiz farklı bitkiden (kekik, lavanta, defne yaprağı, biberiye, limon, portakal, adaçayı ve mersin) elde edilen uçucu yağların ısırgan otu (Urtica dioica L.) ve semizotu (Portulaca oleracea L.) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerindeki allelopatik etkileri araştırılmıştır. Uçucu yağlar, mikropipet yardımıyla 2000, 3500 ve 5000 ppm konsantrasyonlarında Petri kaplarındaki filtre kağıtlarına (20 tohum, 3 tekrar) uygulanmış ve 25°C'de tamamen karanlıkta 28 gün inkübe edilmiştir. Çimlenen tohum sayısı, çimlenme yüzdesi (GP%) ve çimlenme indeksi (GI) kaydedilmiş; veriler tek yönlü ve iki yönlü ANOVA ile Tukey'nin HSD testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yağ türü her iki türde de oldukça önemli bir etki gösterdi (ısırgan otu: F(7,48) = 169.067, p < 0.001; semizotu: F(7,48) = 67.532, p < 0.001), konsantrasyonun ana etkisi ise anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Semizotunda anlamlı bir yağ × konsantrasyon etkileşimi tespit edilmiştir (F(14,48) = 2.196, p = 0.022). Kekik yağı, her iki türde de tüm konsantrasyonlarda çimlenmeyi tamamen engellemiştir (GP = %0, GI = 0). Adaçayı yağı, semizotunun çimlenmesini doza bağlı olarak azalttığı (5000 ppm'de GP = %20) ve mersin yağı 3500-5000 ppm'de benzer bir engelleyici profil gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Geri kalan beş yağ, her iki türde de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir engelleyici etki göstermemiştir. Bu sonuçlar, test edilen yağlar arasında kekik yağının en güçlü biyolojik herbisit adayı olduğunu ve semizotunun ısırgan otuna göre daha geniş bir hassasiyete sahip olduğunu, bunun da muhtemelen tohum morfolojisindeki farklılıkları yansıttığını göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

Göre, M., Kılıç, F., Avcı, B., Cıyrık, Z. (2026). Allelopathic effects of different essential oils on seed germination of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 41. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1906084

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