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Journals / Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1

Evaluation of Capillaroscopy Findings in Patients Presenting with Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP): A Retrospective Study

Raynaud Fenomeni (RF) ile Başvuran Hastaların Kapilleroskopi Bulgularının Değerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif Çalışma Raynaud Fenomeni (RF) ve Kapilleroskopi

Salim Mısırcı(Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Bursa, Türkiye.)0000-0002-9362-1855
Ali Ekin(Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Bursa, Türkiye.)0000-0003-3692-1293
Burcu Yağız(Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Bursa, Türkiye.)0000-0002-0624-1986
Belkis Nihan Coskun(Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Bursa, Türkiye.)0000-0003-0298-4157
Hüseyin Ediz Dalkılıç(Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Bursa, Türkiye.)0000-0001-8645-2670
Yavuz Pehlivan(Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Bursa, Türkiye.)0000-0002-7054-5351
Pages
133–138
Publication Date
2025-05-27
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Advanced age, SCL pattern, giant capillaries and ANA positivity should be warning signs of secondary RP.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a discoloration of the fingers due to abnormal vasoconstriction in the digital arteries and cutaneous arterioles in response to cold or emotional stress.
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Key Findings & Data:The study included patients who presented to a tertiary rheumatology clinic with RP between September 2022 and April 2023 and underwent nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC).
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Conclusion & Impact:Advanced age, SCL pattern, giant capillaries and ANA positivity should be warning signs of secondary RP.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2022 Verileri
⚙️Variables:inflamatuvar romatizmal hastalık · kapilleroskopi · raynoud fenomeni

Abstract

Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a discoloration of the fingers due to abnormal vasoconstriction in the digital arteries and cutaneous arterioles in response to cold or emotional stress. The study included patients who presented to a tertiary rheumatology clinic with RP between September 2022 and April 2023 and underwent nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC). Of the included patients, 34 (57.6%) were diagnosed with inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) and 25 (42.4%) with primary RP. When analysing antibodies, the most common antibody was antinuclear antibody (ANA) (n=39, 66.1%), and most of them were positive with a low titer (n=22, 37.3%). When comparing patients with and without IRD, the capillary density of ≥7 per 1 millimetre was sufficient in all patients in the group without IRD. There was a decrease in capillary density ( 50 μm) (p=0.005). In the IRD group, 14 (41.18%) patients had a scleroderma (SCL) pattern and 20 (58.82%) had a non-SCL pattern. In the non-IRD group, all but two patients had a non-SCL pattern. Age, ANA positivity, high ANA titer, presence of giant capillaries and SCL pattern had a positive significant discriminatory effect (p<0.05) in distinguishing between patients with and without IRD. NFC assessment is an important tool in the diagnosis of IRDs such as systemic sclerosis. Advanced age, SCL pattern, giant capillaries and ANA positivity should be warning signs of secondary RP.

Özet

Raynaud fenomeni (RF), soğuğa veya duygusal strese karşı dijital arterlerde ve kutanöz arteriyollerdeki anormal vazokonstriksiyona bağlı olarak gelişen parmaklardaki renk değişikliğidir. Çalışmaya Eylül 2022-Nisan 2023 tarihleri arasında üçüncü basamak bir romatoloji polikliniğine RF ile başvurup tırnak kıvrımı kapilleroskopisi (TKK) yapılan hastalar dahil edildi. Dahil edilen hastaların 34 (%57,6)’üne inflamatuvar romatizmal hastalık (İRH) tanısı konulduğu, 25 (%42,4)’inin ise primer RF olarak kabul edildiği belirlendi. Antikorlar değerlendirildiğinde, en sık saptanan anti-nükleer antikor (ANA) (n=39, %66,1) olup, çoğunluğu düşük titrede pozitifti (n=22, %37,3). İRH saptanan ve saptanmayan hastalar karşılaştırıldığında, İRH olmayan gruptaki hastaların tamamında kapiller dansite her 1 milimetrelik alanda ≥7 olup yeterliydi. İRH grubundaki hastaların 13’ünde kapiller dansitede azalma ( 50 μm) açısından anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p=0,005). İRH grubundaki hastaların 14’ünde SCL paterni, 20 (%58,82)’sinde ise non-SCL paterni saptanmıştı. İRH olmayan gruptaki hastaların sadece ikisi hariç tamamında non-SCL paterni saptanmıştı. Yaş, ANA pozitifliği, yüksek titre ANA pozitifliği, dev kapiller görülmesi ve SCL paterninin İRH olan ve olmayan hastaları ayırmada pozitif anlamlı ayırıcı (p<0,05) etkisi gözlenmiştir. TKK değerlendirmesi, sistemik skleroz gibi İRD'lerin tanısında önemli bir araçtır. İleri yaş, SCL paterni, dev kapiller ve ANA pozitifliği sekonder RF açısından uyarıcı olmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

Mısırcı, S., Ekin, A., Yağız, B., Coskun, B. N., Dalkılıç, H. E., Pehlivan, Y., *, S. M. (2025). Evaluation of Capillaroscopy Findings in Patients Presenting with Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP): A Retrospective Study. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1, 133–138. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1649435

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