SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 52

The Relationship Between Social Media Use and Body Image: A Comparative Analysis on Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa

Sosyal Medya Kullanımı ve Beden İmajının Anoreksiya Nervoza ile İlişkisi: Ergenler Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Özge Asena Duygu(Bandırma Education and Training Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Balıkesir, 10200, Türkiye.)0009-0004-4228-6059
Kübra Tetik(Bursa Uludağ University School of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye.)0009-0003-1980-9408
Serkan Turan(Bursa Uludağ University School of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye.)0000-0002-6548-0629
Şafak Eray Çamlı(Bursa Uludağ University School of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye.)0000-0002-4847-7751
Zeynep Gizem Ergün Özdel(Bursa Uludağ University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Social Pediatrics, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye.)0000-0002-6851-7933
Caner Mutlu(Bursa Uludağ University School of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye.)0000-0001-6507-8042
Pages
—
Publication Date
2026-07-08
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Results showed that the patient group had significantly higher average daily social media use, especially regarding nutrition/eating, as well as concern for their own and others' appearance, compared to controls.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Our study analyzed sociodemographic details, psychiatric comorbidities, social media usage patterns, social media addiction, fear of dislike, and appearance-related consciousness and body image in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).
📊
Key Findings & Data:The patient group consisted of 30 female volunteers diagnosed with AN, while the control group included 30 healthy females.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Results showed that the patient group had significantly higher average daily social media use, especially regarding nutrition/eating, as well as concern for their own and others' appearance, compared to controls.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Anoreksiya nervoza · sosyal medya · beden imajı

Abstract

Our study analyzed sociodemographic details, psychiatric comorbidities, social media usage patterns, social media addiction, fear of dislike, and appearance-related consciousness and body image in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). The patient group consisted of 30 female volunteers diagnosed with AN, while the control group included 30 healthy females. Both groups completed the Sociodemographic Data Form and The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, administered by the researcher. Participants also filled out the Social Media Addiction Scale Short Form (SMAS-SF), Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale (ASMCS), Social Media Fear of Dislike Scale (SMFDS), and Body Image Scale (BIS). Results showed that the patient group had significantly higher average daily social media use, especially regarding nutrition/eating, as well as concern for their own and others' appearance, compared to controls. The patient group also scored higher on SMDS, ASMCS, SMFDS, and BIS. AN patients with comorbid Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) or Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) had higher BIS scores and more negative body image than those without these conditions. Those with MDD also exhibited higher SMFDS scores. A weak, positive, and significant correlation was found between BIS and SMDS, while moderate, positive, and significant correlations existed between BIS and both ASMCS and SMFDS. Our findings suggest that comorbidities like SAD and MDD exacerbate body image issues in AN, underscoring the importance of considering social media use in the clinical assessment and treatment of adolescent eating disorders.

Özet

Çalışmamız, ergenlerde anoreksiya nervoza (AN) ile ilişkili sosyodemografik detaylar, psikiyatrik komorbiditeler, sosyal medya kullanım alışkanlıkları, sosyal medya bağımlılığı, beğenilmeme korkusu ve görünümle ilgili bilinç ve beden imgesi üzerinde analiz yaptı. Hasta grubu, AN tanısı almış 30 kadın gönüllüden oluşurken, kontrol grubu sağlıklı 30 kadın içeriyordu. Her iki grup da araştırmacı tarafından uygulanan Sosyodemografik Veri Formu ve Okul Çağı Çocuklar İçin Duygudurum Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Takvimi'ni doldurdu. Katılımcılar ayrıca Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği Kısa Formu (SMAS-SF), Görünümle İlgili Sosyal Medya Bilinci Ölçeği (ASMCS), Sosyal Medya Beğenilmeme Korkusu Ölçeği (SMFDS) ve Beden İmajı Ölçeği'ni (BIS) doldurdular. Sonuçlar, hasta grubunun özellikle beslenme/yeme ile ilgili olmak üzere, günlük ortalama sosyal medya kullanımının ve kendi ile başkalarının görünümüne olan ilgisinin kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğunu gösterdi. Hasta grubu ayrıca SMDS, ASMCS, SMFDS ve BIS puanlarında da daha yüksek çıktı. Sosyal Anksiyete Bozukluğu (SAB) veya Majör Depresif Bozukluk (MDB) eşlik eden AN hastaları, bu durumları olmayanlara göre daha yüksek BIS puanları ve daha olumsuz beden imgesi sergiledi. MDB'li olanlar ayrıca daha yüksek SMFDS puanları gösterdi. BIS ile SMDS arasında zayıf, pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunurken, BIS ile hem ASMCS hem de SMFDS arasında orta derecede, pozitif ve anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edildi. Bulgularımız, SAB ve MDD gibi komorbiditelerin AN'daki beden imgesi sorunlarını artırdığını ve ergenlerde yeme bozukluklarının klinik değerlendirmesi ve tedavisinde sosyal medya kullanımını dikkate almanın önemini vurgulamaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Duygu, Ö. A., Tetik, K., Turan, S., Çamlı, Ş. E., Özdel, Z. G. E., Mutlu, C., *, Ö. A. D. (2026). The Relationship Between Social Media Use and Body Image: A Comparative Analysis on Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 52. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1866112

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (62)

  1. Regier DA, Kuhl EA, Kupfer DJ. The DSM-5: Classification and criteria changes. World Psychiatry. 2013;12(2):92-98.
  2. Zipfel S, Giel KE, Bulik CM, Hay P, Schmidt U. Anorexia nervosa: aetiology, assessment, and treatment. Lancet Psychiatry. 2015;2(12):1099-1111.
  3. Mitchell JE, Peterson CB. Anorexia Nervosa. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(14):1343-1351.
  4. Galmiche M, Déchelotte P, Lambert G, Tavolacci MP. Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000-2018 period: A systematic literature review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;109(5):1402-1413.
  5. İnal Ö. Eating disorders, emotional eating, internet and social media addiction in adult individuals in Covid-19 period. Akdeniz Medical Journal. 2022;291-297.
  6. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 1st ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1952.
  7. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980.
  8. Kumar V, Grover S. Concise textbook of child and adolescent psychiatry. Indian J Psychiatry. 2009;51(3):229.
  9. Ribasés M, Gratacòs M, Fernández-Aranda F, et al. Association of BDNF with restricting anorexia nervosa and minimum body mass index: a family-based association study of eight European populations. Eur J Hum Genet. 2005;13(4):428-434.
  10. Kiriike N, Nishiwaki S, Nagata T, Inoue Y, Inoue K, Kawakita Y. Ventricular enlargement in normal weight bulimia. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1990;82(3):264-266.
  11. McGlynn SM, Schacter DL. Unawareness of deficits in neuropsychological syndromes. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1989;11(2):143-205.
  12. Krieg JC, Lauer C, Pirke KM. Structural brain abnormalities in patients with bulimia nervosa. Psychiatry Res. 1989;27(1):39-48.
  13. Ünal F, Öktem F, Çetin Çuhadaroğlu F, et al. Reliability and validity of the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version, DSM-5 November 2016-Turkish adaptation (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T). Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2019;30(1).
  14. Van Den Eijnden RJJM, Lemmens JS, Valkenburg PM. The Social Media Disorder Scale. Comput Human Behav. 2016;61:478-487.
  15. Taş İ. Ergenler İçin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği Kısa Formunun (SMBÖ-KF) Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması (Uzmanlık Tezi). İstanbul: 2017.
  16. Choukas-Bradley S, Nesi J, Widman L, Galla BM. The Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale: Development and validation with adolescents. Body Image. 2020;33:164-174.
  17. Öngören B, Durdu Z, İpek Dongaz Ö, Bayar B, Bayar K. Görünümle ilişkili sosyal medya bilinç ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Karya J Health Sci. 2021;2(2):33-38.
  18. Soner O, Yılmaz O. Social media fear of dislike in adolescents: A scale development study. İstanbul Aydın Üniv Sosyal Bilim Derg. 2021;13(2):533-554.
  19. Saylan E, Soyyiğit V. Dimensions of body image: Body Image Scale. Turk Psychol Couns Guid J. 2022;12(65):229-247.
  20. Hare EH, Moran PAP. Raised parental age in psychiatric patients: evidence for the constitutional hypothesis. Br J Psychiatry. 1979;134(2):169-177.
  21. Råstam M, Gillberg C. The family background in anorexia nervosa: a population-based study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1991;30(2):283-289.
  22. Tozun M, Unsal A, Ayranci U, Arslan G. Prevalence of disordered eating and its impact on quality of life among a group of college students in a province of west Türkiye. Salud Publica Mex. 2010;52(3):190-198.
  23. Bould H, De Stavola B, Magnusson C, Micali N, Dal H, Evans J, Dalman C, Lewis G. The influence of school on whether girls develop eating disorders. Int J Epidemiol. 2016;45(2):480-488.
  24. Koch SV, Larsen JT, Plessen KJ, Thornton LM, Bulik CM, Petersen LV. Associations between parental socioeconomic-, family-, and sibling status and risk of eating disorders in offspring in a Danish national female cohort. Int J Eat Disord. 2022;55(8):1130-1142.
  25. Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Chaput JP. Use of social networking sites and adherence to physical activity and screen time recommendations in adolescents. J Phys Act Health. 2016;13(5):474-480.
  26. Sauve A, Silva C, Costa D, et al. Adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa clinical profiles in relation to their social networks use. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2024;33(3).
  27. Mundy LK, Canterford L, Moreno-Betancur M, et al. Social networking and symptoms of depression and anxiety in early adolescence. Depress Anxiety. 2021;38(5):563-570.
  28. Butkowski CP, Dixon TL, Weeks K. Body surveillance on Instagram: Examining the role of selfie feedback investment in young adult women's body image concerns. Sex Roles. 2019;81(5-6):385-397.
  29. Kayri M, Tanhan F, Tanrıverdi S. Ortaöğretim öğrencilerinde internet bağımlılığı ile algılanan sosyal destek arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Online J Technol Addict Cyberbullying. 2014;1(1):33-59.
  30. Frieiro P, González-Rodríguez R, Domínguez-Alonso J. Self-esteem and socialisation in social networks as determinants in adolescents' eating disorders. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(6):e4416.
  31. Yurtdaş-Depboylu G, Kaner G, Özçakal S. The association between social media addiction and orthorexia nervosa, eating attitudes, and body image among adolescents. Eat Weight Disord. 2022;27(8):3725-3735.
  32. Praet N, Stevens J, Casteels K, Toelen J. The association of social media use and eating behaviour of Belgian adolescent girls diagnosed with anorexia nervosa: A qualitative approach. Children. 2024;11(7).
  33. Stice E, Shaw HE. Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology: A synthesis of research findings. J Psychosom Res. 2002;53(5):985-993.
  34. Holland G, Tiggemann M. A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body Image. 2016;17:100-110.
  35. Karakaya RE, Algan M, Avcu H. The relationship between eating disorder risk and fear of dislike on social media, depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students: A cross-sectional study. Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2025;10(2):375-382.
  36. Van Den Berg P, Thompson JK, Obremski-Brandon K, Coovert M. The Tripartite Influence model of body image and eating disturbance: A covariance structure modeling investigation testing the mediational role of appearance comparison. J Psychosom Res. 2002;53(5):1007-1020.
  37. Durkin SJ, Paxton SJ. Predictors of vulnerability to reduced body image satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in response to exposure to idealized female media images in adolescent girls. J Psychosom Res. 2002;53(5):995-1005.
  38. Levine MP, Murnen SK. The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: A meta-analytic review. Int J Eat Disord. 2002;31(1):1-16.
  39. Rodgers RF, Melioli T, Laconi S, Bui E, Chabrol H. Internet addiction symptoms, disordered eating, and body image avoidance. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2013;16(1):56-60.
  40. Wincana G, Rahmat W, Tatalia RG. Linguistic tendencies of anorexia nervosa on social media users Facebook (pragmatic study). J Pragmat Discourse Res. 2022;2(1):1-9.
  41. Charmaraman L, Richer AM, Liu C, Lynch AD, Moreno MA. Early adolescent social media-related body dissatisfaction: Associations with depressive symptoms, social anxiety, peers, and celebrities. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021;42(5):401-407.
  42. Haspolat NK, Kağan M. Sosyal fobinin yordayıcıları olarak beden imajı ve benlik saygısı. Erzincan Üniv Eğit Fak Derg. 2017;19(2):139-152.
  43. Waghachavare VB, Quraishi SR, Dhumale GB, Gore AD. A cross-sectional study of correlation of body image anxiety with social phobia and their association with depression in the adolescents from a rural area of Sangli District in India. Int J Prev Med. 2014;5(12).
  44. He Z, Li M, Liu C, Ma X. Common predictive factors of social media addiction and eating disorder symptoms in female college students: State anxiety and the mediating role of cognitive flexibility/sustained attention. Front Psychol. 2022;12:647126.
  45. Aktürk Ç, Kaya AE, Güleç S. Lise öğrencilerinde sosyal medya bağımlılığı ile beğenilmeme korkusu arasındaki ilişki. Int QMX J. 2024;3(2):557-569.
  46. Özdemir Z. Sosyal medyada kimlik inşasında yeni akım: Özçekim kullanımı. Maltepe Üniv İletişim Fak Derg. 2016;2(1):112-131.
  47. Valkenburg PM, Schouten AP, Peter J. Adolescents' identity experiments on the internet. New Media Soc. 2005;7(3):383-402.
  48. Sidani JE, Shensa A, Hoffman B, Hanmer J, Primack BA. The association between social media use and eating concerns among US young adults. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016;116(9):1465-1472.
  49. Liu X, Zheng X. The persuasive power of social media influencers in brand credibility and purchase intention. Humanit Soc Sci Commun. 2024;11(1):1-12.
  50. Fox J, Vendemia MA. Selective self-presentation and social comparison through photographs on social networking sites. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2016;19(10):593-600.
  51. Chae J. Virtual makeover: Selfie-taking and social media use increase selfie-editing frequency through social comparison. Comput Human Behav. 2017;66:370-376.
  52. Karsay K, Trekels J, Eggermont S, Vandenbosch L. "I (don't) respect my body": Investigating the role of mass media use and self-objectification on adolescents' positive body image in a cross-national study. Mass Commun Soc. 2021;24(1):57-84.
  53. Fardouly J, Diedrichs PC, Vartanian LR, Halliwell E. Social comparisons on social media: The impact of Facebook on young women's body image concerns and mood. Body Image. 2015;13:38-45.
  54. Fredrickson BL, Roberts TA. Objectification theory: Toward understanding women's lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychol Women Q. 1997;21(2):173-206.
  55. Zheng Y. Text-Based Speech Video Synthesis from a Single Face Image (Graduate Thesis). Columbus: The Ohio State University; 2019.
  56. Ranzini G, Hoek E. To you who (I think) are listening: Imaginary audience and impression management on Facebook. Comput Human Behav. 2017;75:228-235.
  57. Primack BA, Shensa A, Sidani JE, et al. Social media use and perceived social isolation among young adults in the U.S. Am J Prev Med. 2017;53(1):1-8.
  58. Jeri-Yabar A, Sanchez-Carbonel A, Tito K, et al. Association between social media use (Twitter, Instagram, Facebook) and depressive symptoms: Are Twitter users at higher risk? Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2019;65(1):14-19.
  59. Lin LY, Sidani JE, Shensa A, et al. Association between social media use and depression among U.S. young adults. Depress Anxiety. 2016;33(4):323-331.
  60. Karam JM, Bouteen C, Mahmoud Y, Tur JA, Bouzas C. The relationship between social media use and body image in Lebanese university students. Nutrients. 2023;15(18).
  61. Jiotsa B, Naccache B, Duval M, Rocher B, Grall-Bronnec M. Social media use and body image disorders: Association between frequency of comparing one's own physical appearance to that of people being followed on social media and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):1-14.
  62. Mohammadi RR, Hafezi A, Hooman F. The influence of social media addiction and emotion regulation on body image and cosmetic surgery desire in women. J Otorhinolaryngol Facial Plast Surg. 2023;9(1):1.