Journals / Folklor/Edebiyat / 2024 / Cilt: 30 Sayı: 120 Ek

Media and Memory on the 6 February 2023 Earthquakes: The Case of Malatya

6 Şubat Depremlerinde Medya ve Bellek: Malatya Örneği

Dilar Diken Yücel(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-2993-9903
Ömer Faruk Yücel(İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-3035-004X
Pages
1331–1350
Publication Date
2024-12-15
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

As a result of the interviews we conducted with the channel employees who had experienced the earthquake, we found the following: (1) The local television channels reported the degree of impact of the earthquake on the cities more in detail compared to the national television channels, (2) The channel workers were able to observe the events around them more from within as they were earthquake victims themselves, and for most of them, this was the city where they were born and raised, (3) The local media workers were more knowledgeable about the city streets, its structures, and history compared to those of the national media, (4) They could address the problems that the local public encountered more aptly, (5) They worked just like a social aid organisation and collected funds for those in need, (6) They could create agenda that would draw politicians’ attention to the city with their news reports, and (7) They managed to keep the effects of the earthquake current by using the social media actively.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Media enterprises created an environment where it is possible to store and recall information outside of the human memory.
📊
Key Findings & Data:One such case of extraordinary times in the scope of this study is the earthquakes that occurred on 6 February 2023, whose epicentre was the province of Kahramanmaraş, impacting eleven other provinces of Türkiye.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:As a result of the interviews we conducted with the channel employees who had experienced the earthquake, we found the following: (1) The local television channels reported the degree of impact of the earthquake on the cities more in detail compared to the national television channels, (2) The channel workers were able to observe the events around them more from within as they were earthquake victims themselves, and for most of them, this was the city where they were born and raised, (3) The local media workers were more knowledgeable about the city streets, its structures, and history compared to those of the national media, (4) They could address the problems that the local public encountered more aptly, (5) They worked just like a social aid organisation and collected funds for those in need, (6) They could create agenda that would draw politicians’ attention to the city with their news reports, and (7) They managed to keep the effects of the earthquake current by using the social media actively.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:deprem · Malatya · medya

Abstract

Media enterprises created an environment where it is possible to store and recall information outside of the human memory. As a result, we may view media enterprises as memory spaces. It is important to refer to the memory institutions and media workers’ testimonies with their ability to function as tools that enable recall particularly in extraordinary times. One such case of extraordinary times in the scope of this study is the earthquakes that occurred on 6 February 2023, whose epicentre was the province of Kahramanmaraş, impacting eleven other provinces of Türkiye. We selected Malatya province as the main universe of the study as it was among the three most impacted provinces in the February 6th earthquakes. We chose to focus on ER TV as the sample because it was the television channel which broadcasted locally for about 30 years in Malatya province, and it was one of the most widely viewed television channels in the region. In this context, the study aims to understand the testimonies of the local media workers of the earthquake and to determine how the viewers affected both the process of the earthquake and the perception towards the post-earthquake stage. The main reason to select Malatya province as the main universe of this study is related to our methodology in this study. We opted to use the ethnographic interview method. We conducted interviews with four workers of the ER TV channel, a wellestablished media enterprise in Malatya. As the interviewers, our experiences and participants’ testimonies allowed us to examine the reality of the earthquake from within. As a result of the interviews we conducted with the channel employees who had experienced the earthquake, we found the following: (1) The local television channels reported the degree of impact of the earthquake on the cities more in detail compared to the national television channels, (2) The channel workers were able to observe the events around them more from within as they were earthquake victims themselves, and for most of them, this was the city where they were born and raised, (3) The local media workers were more knowledgeable about the city streets, its structures, and history compared to those of the national media, (4) They could address the problems that the local public encountered more aptly, (5) They worked just like a social aid organisation and collected funds for those in need, (6) They could create agenda that would draw politicians’ attention to the city with their news reports, and (7) They managed to keep the effects of the earthquake current by using the social media actively.

Özet

Medya kuruluşları, insan belleği dışında verilerin depolanabileceği ve ihtiyaç dahilinde hatırlanabileceği bir ortam oluşturmuştur. Bu sebeple de medya kuruluşlarını birer hafıza mekânı olarak değerlendirebiliriz. Özellikle olağanüstü dönemlerde medya kuruluşlarının hatırlamayı mümkün kılan birer araç niteliğinde olan arşivlerine ve çalışanlarının tanıklıklarına başvurmak önemlidir. Çalışma dahilinde söz konusu olağanüstü döneme ait örnek olay, Türkiye’nin 11 ilinin etkilenmiş olduğu Kahramanmaraş merkezli 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde gerçekleşen depremlerdir. 6 Şubat depremlerinden en çok etkilenmiş ilk 3 il içinde yer alan Malatya ilini çalışmanın ana evreni, Malatya ilinde yaklaşık 30 yıldır yerel düzeyde yayın hayatına devam eden ve bölgenin en çok izlenen televizyon kanallarından biri olan ER TV’yi ise çalışmanın örneklemi olarak seçtik. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, yerel medya çalışanlarının depreme ilişkin tanıklıklarını anlamaya çalışmak ve seyircinin hem deprem sürecini hem de depremden sonraki süreci algılama aşamasına nasıl etkide bulunduklarını tespit etmektir. Çalışmanın ana evreni olarak Malatya ilini seçmemizin temel nedeni çalışmada tercih ettiğimiz yöntem ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Çalışmada etnografik mülakat yöntemini tercih ettik ve Malatya’nın köklü medya kuruluşlarından biri olan ER TV kanalı çalışanlarından dört kişi ile mülakatlar gerçekleştirdik. Mülakatı gerçekleştiren kişiler olarak bizlerin depreme yönelik tanıklıkları ve katılımcıların tanıklıkları deprem gerçeğine içeriden bakabilmemize olanak tanıdı. Depremin tanıkları olan kanal çalışanları ile gerçekleştirdiğimiz mülakatlar sonucunda: (1) yerel televizyon kanallarının ulusal televizyon kanallarına göre şehirlerin depremden etkilenme durumlarını daha ayrıntılı paylaştığını, (2) yerel televizyon kanalı çalışanlarının aynı zamanda birer depremzede olduğundan ve birçoğu doğup büyüdüğü şehirde görev yaptığından çevrelerinde yaşananlara daha içten bakabilme imkanına sahip olduklarını, (3) şehrin sokaklarına, yapılarına, tarihine ulusal medyaya göre daha hakim olduklarını,(4) halkın sorunları ile daha yakından ilgilenebildiklerini, (5) adeta bir sosyal yardımlaşma kurumu gibi çalıştıklarını ve ihtiyaç sahipleri için yardım topladıklarını, (6) siyasilerin dikkatini şehre çekecek haberler yapıp gündem oluşturabildiklerini, (7) sosyal medyayı aktif olarak kullanıp depremin tesirlerini güncel tutabildiklerini tespit ettik.

🔖

Cite This Article

Yücel, D. D., Yücel, Ö. F. (2024). Media and Memory on the 6 February 2023 Earthquakes: The Case of Malatya. Folklor/Edebiyat, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 120 Ek, 1331–1350. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2786

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (36)

  1. AFAD (11 May 2024). Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı Web Sitesi, https://www.afad.gov.tr/ aciklamali-afet-yonetimi-terimleri-sozlugu.
  2. AFAD (2023). 06 Şubat 2023 Pazarcık-Elbistan Kahramanmaraş (Mw: 7.7 – Mw: 7.6) Depremleri Raporu. https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/assets/pdf/Kahramanmara%C5%9F%20Depremi%20%20 Raporu_02.06.2023.pdf.
  3. Antunes, M. N., da Silva Pereira, S., Zêzere, J. L., & Oliveira, A. E. (2022). Disaster journalism in print media: analysis of the top 10 hydrogeomorphological disaster events in Portugal, 1865–2015. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 13(4), 521-535.
  4. Assmann, J. (2015). Kültürel bellek. (Tekin, A. Trans.) Ayrıntı.
  5. Ata, F. (2023). Afet haberciliği: Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler sürecinde sosyal medyaya yönelik bir değerlendirme. TRT Akademi, 8(18), 606-629.
  6. Balamir, F. (2023). Bir nitel yaklaşım deseni olarak etnografi. Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(34), 38-53.
  7. Budak, E. (2023). Türk medyasının depremle imtihanı: Kahramanmaraş depremini afet haberciliği üzerinden değerlendirmek. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(2), 1087-1113.
  8. Canniford, R. (2005). Moving shadows: suggestions for ethnography in globalised cultures. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(2), 204–218.
  9. David, E. (2008). Cultural trauma, memory, and gendered collective action: The case of women of the storm following Hurricane Katrina. NWSA Journal 20(3), 138-162.
  10. Demir, S, T. (2023). Afet medyası ve medya afeti. TRT Akademi, 8(18), 709-716.
  11. Dufty, N. (2020). Disaster education, communication and engagement. Wiley Blackwell. ER TV (15 June 2024a). ER TV website. https://www.ertv.com.tr/.
  12. ER TV (1 February 2024b). ER TV’den reyting rekoru! https://www.ertv.com.tr/malatya/ertvdenreyting-rekoru-h16109.html.
  13. ER TV (25 June 2024c). ER TV Youtube channel. https://www.youtube.com/@ERTVcomtr.
  14. Gross, T. (2002). Anthropology of collective memory: Estonian national awakening revisited. Trames 4(6)3, 42-354.
  15. Habertürk (18 March 2023). Depremde kaç konut hasar aldı? https://www.haberturk.com/depremdekac-konut-hasar-aldi-3574509ekonomi#:~:text=EN%20%C3%87OK%20ZARAR%20 G%C3%96REN%20%C4%B0LLER,50.8’inde%20hasar%20tespit%20edildi.
  16. Hoskins, A. (2001). New memory: mediating history, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, 21(4), 333-346. DOI: 10.1080/01439680120075473
  17. Houston, J. B., Schraedley, M. K., Worley, M. E., Reed, K., & Saidi, J. (2019). Disaster journalism: Fostering citizen and community disaster mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery, and resilience across the disaster cycle. Disasters, 43(3), 591-611.
  18. Huyssen, A. (1999). Alacakaranlık anıları: Bellek yitimi kültüründe zamanı belirlemek. (K. Atakay, Trans.) Metis.
  19. Landsberg, A. (2004). Prosthetic memory. Columbia University.
  20. Governorship of Malatya(2023). 8 May 2023 Deprem Durum Çizelgesi.http://www.malatya.gov. tr/08052023-deprem-durum-cizelgesi.
  21. Matthews, J. and Thorsen, E. (2022). Theorising disaster communities: Global dimensions and their local contexts, The Journal of International Communication, 28:2, 228-248, DOI: 10.1080/13216597.2022.2098164
  22. Mavi, E., E. (2020). Afet kriz yönetiminde sosyal medya: 30 Ekim 2020 İzmir depremi. Karadeniz İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(2), 31-53.
  23. Nora, P. (2006). Hafıza mekânları (M. E. Özcan, Trans.) Dost.
  24. Ostertag, S. F. (2023). Connecting after chaos. Social media and the extended aftermath of disaster. New York University Press.
  25. Sevgi, M. A. (2024). Veri toplama tekniği olarak mülakat: Etnografik bir değerlendirme. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences (IJOESS), 15(57), 1132-1147.
  26. Sözen, E. (1997). Medyatik hafıza. Timaş.
  27. Şahin, D., Zengin Demirbilek, E. (2023). Doğal afet ve kriz yönetiminde sosyal medyanın etkisi: Kahramanmaraş merkezli deprem felaketi üzerine bir inceleme. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 51, 322-333. https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1289335
  28. Toker, H. (2016). Doğal afetler, iletişim ve medya. In Toprak Karaman, Z. & Altay, A. (Eds.) Bütünleşik afet yönetimi. İlkem, pp. 249-277.
  29. TRT Akademi (31 May 2023). Afet Yönetimi ve Medya. 8(18). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/trta/ issue/77677
  30. TRT Haber (24 June 2024). 6 Şubat depremlerinde 53 bin 537 canımızı yitirdik. https://www.trthaber. com/haber/gundem/6-subat-depremlerinde-53-bin-537-canimizi-yitirdik-833953.html.
  31. Van Dijck, J. (2008). Mediated memories: A snapshot of remembered experiences In J. Kooijman, P. Pisters and W. Strauven (Ed.) Mind The Screen: Media Concepts According to Thomas Elsaesser (pp. 72–75). Amsterdam University.
  32. Zelizer, B. (2008). Journalism’s memory work. In A. Erll and A. Nünning (Eds.) Cultural memory studies: An international and interdisciplinary handbook. De Gruyter, pp. 379-388.
  33. Source contacts: KK.1: B. A., 44, program manager, interview date and place: 25 May 2024/Malatya.
  34. KK.2: H. K., 51, program producer/presenter, interview date and place: 28 May 2024/Malatya.
  35. KK.3: E. K., 35, news director, interview date and place: 2 June 2024/Malatya.
  36. KK.4: Ü.G., 32, program producer/presenter, interview date and place: 25 September 2024/ Malatya.