Journals / Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 49 Sayı: 2

A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL PROFILE OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN NARCISSUS TAZETTA L. SUBSP. TAZETTA THROUGH HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING METHODS

NARCISSUS TAZETTA L. SUBSP. TAZETTA UÇUCU BİLEŞİKLERİNİN KİMYASAL PROFİLİNİN HİYERARŞİK KÜMELEME YÖNTEMLERİYLE KAPSAMLI ANALİZİ

Damla Kırcı(İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi)0000-0002-3479-3999
Osman Tugay(SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-3980-7648
Deniz Ulukuş(SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-9627-5492
Betül Demirci(ANADOLU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY)0000-0003-2343-746X
Pages
301–308
Publication Date
2025-05-19
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

HCA successfully grouped the compounds based on structural and functional similarities, statistically highlighting the chemical differences between fresh and dried flowers.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: This study aimed to analyze the chemical profile of volatile and non-volatile components of Narcissus tazetta subsp. tazetta (daffodil) is grown in Türkiye.
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Key Findings & Data:Fresh samples were immediately analyzed to prevent the loss of volatile compounds, while dried samples were air-dried at room temperature until they reached a constant weight and stored at 4°C.
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Conclusion & Impact:HCA successfully grouped the compounds based on structural and functional similarities, statistically highlighting the chemical differences between fresh and dried flowers.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi · kimyasal profil · Narcissus tazetta

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the chemical profile of volatile and non-volatile components of Narcissus tazetta subsp. tazetta (daffodil) is grown in Türkiye. The chemical profiles of fresh and dried flowers were analyzed using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. The study also aimed to investigate the effects of the drying process on the chemical profile and contribute to the plant's pharmacological, commercial, and ecological potential. Material and Method: Fresh and dried flower samples collected from the Muğla region were analyzed using the HS-SPME method. Fresh samples were immediately analyzed to prevent the loss of volatile compounds, while dried samples were air-dried at room temperature until they reached a constant weight and stored at 4°C. The mass spectra of volatile compounds were evaluated using GC/MS in conjunction with the Başer Library and other reference databases. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) was applied for statistical analysis and clustering. Result and Discussion: The main volatile compounds identified in fresh flowers were (E)-β-ocimene (62.8%), 1,8-cineole (12.9%), and linalool (7.6%). In dried flowers, (E)-β-ocimene (43.1%), (Z)-3-hexenal (18.7%), and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (9.8%) were prominent. Significant changes were observed in volatile compounds after drying, with monoterpene hydrocarbons decreasing and new aldehyde and ester compounds emerging. The influence of regional and environmental factors on the chemical profile was emphasized. The Muğla samples showed differences compared to samples from İzmir, Siirt, and Şırnak. HCA successfully grouped the compounds based on structural and functional similarities, statistically highlighting the chemical differences between fresh and dried flowers.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de yetişen Narcissus tazetta subsp. tazetta (nergis) bitkisinin uçucu ve uçucu olmayan bileşenlerinin kimyasal profili incelenmiştir. Taze ve kurutulmuş çiçeklerin kimyasal profilleri, Tepe Boşluklu- Katı Faz Mikroekstraksiyon (TB-KFME) ve Gaz Kromatografisi-Kütle Spektrometresi (GK-KS) yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma, kurutma işleminin kimyasal profil üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı ve bitkinin farmakolojik, ticari ve ekolojik potansiyeline katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Muğla bölgesinden toplanan taze ve kurutulmuş çiçek örnekleri, HS-SPME yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Taze örnekler uçucu bileşik kaybını önlemek için hemen analiz edilirken, kurutulmuş örnekler gölgede, oda sıcaklığında sabit ağırlığa gelene kadar kurutulmuş ve 4°C'de saklanmıştır. Uçucu bileşiklerin kütle spektrumu, GK-KS ile Başer Library ve diğer referans kütüphaneler kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi ve kümelenmesi için Hiyerarşik Kümeleme Analizi (HCA) uygulanmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Taze çiçeklerde ana uçucu bileşikler arasında (E)-β-osimen (%62.8), 1,8-sineol (%12.9) ve linalol (%7.6) bulunmuştur. Kurutulmuş çiçeklerde, (E)-β-osimen (%43.1), (Z)-3-hekzenal (%18.7) ve (Z)-3-hekzenil asetat (%9.8) ön plana çıkmıştır. Kurutma işlemiyle uçucu bileşiklerde önemli değişimler gözlemlenmiş, özellikle monoterpen hidrokarbonlar azalırken, yeni aldehit ve ester bileşikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bölgesel ve çevresel faktörlerin kimyasal profil üzerindeki etkisi vurgulanmıştır. Muğla örnekleri, İzmir, Siirt ve Şırnak'taki örneklerle karşılaştırıldığında farklılık göstermiştir. HCA, bileşiklerin yapısal ve işlevsel benzerliklerine göre gruplandırılmasını sağlayarak, taze ve kurutulmuş çiçekler arasındaki kimyasal farklılıkları istatistiksel olarak ortaya koymuştur.

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Cite This Article

Kırcı, D., Tugay, O., Ulukuş, D., Demirci, B. (2025). A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL PROFILE OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN NARCISSUS TAZETTA L. SUBSP. TAZETTA THROUGH HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING METHODS. Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 49 Sayı: 2, 301–308. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1587356

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