Journals / Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 50 Sayı: 3

ALTERED PHARMACOKINETICS AND DRUG DOSING IN OBESE PATIENTS: A TRADITIONAL REVIEW

OBEZ HASTALARDA DEĞİŞEN FARMAKOKİNETİK VE İLAÇ DOZLAMI: GELENEKSEL DERLEME

Züleyha Bakay(MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY)0009-0000-8824-3661
Müzeyyen Aksoy(MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY)0009-0009-4088-5927
Ömer Faruk Özkanlı(MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY)0000-0002-7048-8879
Mesut Sancar(MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY)0000-0002-7445-3235
Pages
819–833
Publication Date
2026-09-19
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Result and Discussion: This review discusses current evidence on pharmacokinetic alterations in obese patients and provides guidance on selecting appropriate weight descriptors to ensure optimal dosing in this population.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Obesity, with its growing global prevalence, is recognized as a significant risk factor for chronic diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and certain cancers.
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Key Findings & Data:It also increases the risk of infections like bacteremia, surgical site infections, and soft tissue infections, thereby raising morbidity and mortality.
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Conclusion & Impact:Result and Discussion: This review discusses current evidence on pharmacokinetic alterations in obese patients and provides guidance on selecting appropriate weight descriptors to ensure optimal dosing in this population.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Enfeksiyonlar · farmakokinetik · ilaç

Abstract

Objective: Obesity, with its growing global prevalence, is recognized as a significant risk factor for chronic diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and certain cancers. It also increases the risk of infections like bacteremia, surgical site infections, and soft tissue infections, thereby raising morbidity and mortality. In obese individuals, both adipose and muscle mass increase, but adipose tissue expands disproportionately, altering the volume of distribution (V d ) of drugs. This necessitates using specific body weight descriptors—ideal, total, adjusted, or lean body weight—for accurate dosing. No single descriptor suits all drugs; dosing should be drug-specific. For example, using ideal body weight for lipophilic drugs with a large V d may lead to subtherapeutic levels, while using total body weight for hydrophilic drugs with a small V d may cause toxicity. Obesity also alters hepatic and renal functions, impacting drug metabolism and clearance. These changes mainly affect drugs with high hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, notably antimicrobials and sedative-analgesics. Result and Discussion: This review discusses current evidence on pharmacokinetic alterations in obese patients and provides guidance on selecting appropriate weight descriptors to ensure optimal dosing in this population.

Özet

Amaç: Obezite, diyabet, dislipidemi ve bazı kanser türleri gibi kronik hastalıklar için dünya genelinde yaygınlaşan önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Ayrıca obezite, bakteriyemi, cerrahi enfeksiyonlar ve yumuşak doku enfeksiyonları gibi komplikasyon riskini artırmakta, morbidite ve mortalite oranını yükseltmektedir. Obez bireylerde yağ ve kas dokusu, obez olmayan hastalara göre artış göstermektedir ancak yağ dokusundaki artış orantısal olarak daha fazladır. Bu durum, ilaçların dağılım hacmini (DH) değiştirerek ideal, total, ayarlanmış veya yağsız vücut ağırlığı gibi farklı vücut ağırlığı tanımlarının kullanılmasını gerektirmektedir. Ancak tüm ilaçlar için evrensel olarak geçerli bir tanım yoktur; dozlama ilaçlar özelinde belirlenmelidir. Örneğin, büyük DH’ye sahip lipofilik bir ilacın dozunun ideal vücut ağırlığına göre hesaplanması yetersiz kan düzeyine, hidrofilik bir ilacın dozunun gerçek vücut ağırlığına göre hesaplanması ise toksisiteye yol açabilmektedir. Ayrıca obezitenin karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyonlarını değiştirmesi, ilaç metabolizması ve klirensini etkilemektedir. Bu farmakokinetik değişikliklerden en çok antimikrobiyaller ve sedatif-analjezik ilaçlar etkilenmektedir. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bu derleme, obez hastalarda ilaç dozlamasını optimize etmek için en uygun vücut ağırlığı tanımının belirlenmesine yönelik güncel kanıtlara dayalı bilgiler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Bakay, Z., Aksoy, M., Özkanlı, Ö. F., Sancar, M., *, M. A. (2026). ALTERED PHARMACOKINETICS AND DRUG DOSING IN OBESE PATIENTS: A TRADITIONAL REVIEW. Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 50 Sayı: 3, 819–833. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1706303

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