EMİN BÜLEND’İN ŞİİR ANLAYIŞI

Özet

Servet-i Fünûn topluluğunun dağılışından sonra onun yerini alan Fecr-i Âti Encümeni geniş bir şair ve yazar kadrosuna sahiptir. Özellikle Fecr-i Âti şiiri, Servet-i Fünûn şiir estetiğinin bir devamı gibidir. Gerek Servet-i Fünûn, gerekse Fecr-i Âti şairlerinde, "sembolist ve empresyonist" etkiler kendini açıkça belli eder. Ayrıca bu etkilerin yanında, onların şiirlerinde devrin siyasi ve sosyal ortamından kaynaklanan içe kapanma, kötümserlik ve yalnızlık duyguları da hâkimdir. Fecr-i Âti Encümeni içinde Ahmet Haşim, Emin Bülend ve Tahsin Nahit şiirleriyle dikkat çeken şairlerdir. Modern Türk şiirinin kurucuları arasında yer alan Ahmet Haşim, şiir poetikası ile kendinden sonraki nesilleri de etkiler. Bu etkinin yansımaları, Emin Bülend'in "çöl nostaljisi" manzumeleri ile ferdi duyuş tarzındaki şiirlerinde de görülür. Kendisi, Fecr-i Âti Encümeni içinde yer alan diğer şairlerden farklı olarak manzumelerinde "millî romantik duyuş tarzı"na yönelir. O, bu yönelişle Türk gençliğinde, bir tarih bilinci ve millî "kimlik inşası" oluşturmayı amaçlar. Balkan Savaşı'na gönüllü katılan şair, manzumelerini destansı bir etkiyle yazar. Onun destansı manzumelerinde kadim bir milletin tarihi anlatılır. Aslında Emin Bülend, bununla memleketin içinde bulunduğu kaotik ortamda, Türk gençliğine yeni bir heyecan duygusu aşılamak ister. Hamasi manzumelerinde Tevfik Fikret ve Namık Kemal'in etkisinde kalan Emin Bülend, bu tarz şiirlerinde doğal bir lirik akış sağlar. İçe kapanık bir kişilik sergileyen şair, sağlığında şiirlerini bir araya getirip yayımlamaz. Salih Zeki Aktay, şairin ölümünden sonra dergilerde dağınık hâlde bulunan şiirlerini kitaplaştırır. Bu çalışmada, Emin Bülend'in şiir anlayışı üzerinde duruldu

Abstract

After Servet-i Fünûn falls apart, successor Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni has a wide range of poets and authors. In this group, while it is not possible to see a full harmony, important progresses in art and literature is made individually. In particular, Fecr-i Âtî poem is like a follow-up of poem aesthetics of Servet-i Fünûn and Fecr-i Âtî poets. In addition to these impressions, the senses “introversion, pessimism and loneliness” arising form the political and social environment of that period dominate in their poems. Ahmet Haşim, Emin bülend and Tahsin Nahit draw attention with their poems among Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni. Ahmet Haşim, one of the creators of Contemporary Turkish poem, influences next generations with his steyle. Emin Bülend turns his steps towards “national romantic perception style” differently form the other poets of Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni. With this tendeney, he aims to create a historical consciousness and national “identity construction”. Fighting voluntarily at Balkan War, he writes poems in an epic way. His epic poems tell about history of an old nation. This nation is Turkish nation who have comte to Anatolia form moorlands of Central Asia. In fact Emin Bülend wants to create a new excitement for Turkish youth in a chaotic environment of the homeland. To this end, he benefits from lyricism. Lyricism provides a naturel flow in his epic senses. Emin Bülend, a precise poet, is not productive. With this aspect, he identifies with Tevfik Fikret and with his epic poems he reminds of Namık Kemal. He is also an important sportsman, being among founders of Galatasaray Club. Having an intovent personality, he doesn’t collect and publish his poems in his lifetime. After his death, Salih Zeki Aktay collers his poems form magazines into a book. In this study, the place in Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni, poem approach and sportsman identity of Emin Bülend have been emphasized After Servet-i Fünûn falls apart, successor Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni has a wide range of poets and authors. In this group, while it is not possible to see a full harmony, important progresses in art and literature is made individually. In particular, Fecr-i Âtî poem is like a follow-up of poem aesthetics of Servet-i Fünûn. “Symbolist and impressionist” impressions show themselves clearly in both Servet-i Fünûn and Fecr-i Âtî poets. In addition to these impressions, the senses “introversion, pessimism and loneliness” arising form the political and social environment of that period dominate in their poems. Ahmet Haşim, Emin Bülend and Tahsin Nahit draw attention with their poems among Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni. Ahmet Haşim, one of the creators of Contemporary Turkish poem, influences next generations with his style. Emin Bülend turns his steps towards “national romantic perception style” differently form the other poets of Fecr-i Âtî Encümeni. With this tendeney, he aims to create a historical consciousness and national “identity construction”. Fighting voluntarily at Balkan War, he writes poems in an epic way. His epic poems tell about history of an old nation. This nation is Turkish nation who have come to Anatolia form moorlands of Central Asia. In fact Emin Bülend wants to create a new excitement forTurkish youth in a chaotic environment of the homeland. To this end, he benefits from lyricism. Lyricism provides a natural flow in his epic senses. Emin Bülend, a precise poet, is not productive. With this aspect, he identifies with Tevfik Fikret and with his epic poems he reminds of Namık Kemal. He is also an important sportsman, being among founders of Galatasaray Club. Having an intovent personality, he doesn’t collect and publish his poems in his lifetime. After his death, Salih Zeki Aktay collects his poems from magazines into a book. In this study, the place in Fecr-i Âti Encümeni, poem approach and sportsman identity of Emin Bülend have been emphasized. Emin Bülend has started to write his poems while he was student in Galatasaray High School. His first poems reflected his inner world of his youth. The heavier and suffocative air of political environment prior to 2nd Constitutionalism affected all young people. As a result, an apparent pessimism was seen in these people of the era. Such feeling also reflected to the poems of the era, negatively. Emin Bülend moved towards the nature to move away from this suffocative air. He was affected by the “Deserts” poem of Ahmet Haşim. He wrote the “Deserts” poem as parallel to Haşim’. The poem consisting of a hundred and twelve verses describes the sorrow, loneliness and gloomy desert nights. The poet wrote the “Hacer and İsmail” poem under the effect of “Zemzem” anecdote. In this poem, he expressed the decisiveness, patience, will and devotion for the power of belief. He also took the attention of the audience with his lyric, epic and satiric poems. Emin Bülend published his poems in the magazines Servet-i Fünûn, Musavver Muhit and Âşiyan following the 2nd Constitutionalism. The poems of the poet who wrote concisely are: Hacer and İsmail, Deserts, Towards Fortresses, Hâtif Tells, Nights in Abroad, To You, Pride, Myself, Death of the Lion, In Darkness (incomplete), Winter Night, Grudge, Song of Giant, From a Legend, An Incomplete Poem, While Burning My Poems, “Told me to Write”, Space of Imagine, Petition of Mine, Fahriye, Temples, Istanbul, Greeting Hatay, Negative. We can classify the poems of Emin Bülend under three main themes. He describes the love for the nation and the land in his historical poems. According to him, Turks is an ancient nation directing the history and creating legends. He expressed his such considerations in Hâtif Tells, Song of Giant, Grudge, From a Legend, Greeting Hatay, Towards Fortresses, Istanbul. There is an impressionist effect in the poems on nature of the poet. This is frequently seen işn the poets of Servet-i Fünûn and Fecr-i Âti. He, likewise, interprets the nature in his inner world and re-define with his artistic spirit. The poems of Emin Bülend on nature: Dese