KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1

HEMŞİRELERİN TÜKENMİŞLİK NEDENLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ: DELPHİ VE SWARA UYGULAMASI

AN EXAMINATION OF NURSES’ BURNOUT REASONS: DELPHI AND SWARA METHODS

Gizem Zevde Aydın(ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-8249-6788
Elif Dikmetaş Yardan(ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-8300-8715
Sayfa
139–154
Yayın Tarihi
2024-03-27
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Hemşirelerin tükenmişlik ve başa çıkma konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi önerilebilir.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Çalışma ile sağlık hizmet sunumunun kilit paydaşlarından olan hemşirelerde tükenmişliğe neden olan faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve bahse konu faktörlerin önceliklendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:Delphi yöntemine alanında uzman 10 birim yöneticisi hemşire katılmıştır.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Hemşirelerin tükenmişlik ve başa çıkma konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi önerilebilir.
🔬Tür:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Delphi · SWARA · Tükenmişlik

Özet

Çalışma ile sağlık hizmet sunumunun kilit paydaşlarından olan hemşirelerde tükenmişliğe neden olan faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve bahse konu faktörlerin önceliklendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Delphi ve SWARA yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, Türkiye’nin Karadeniz Bölgesinde hizmet veren özel bir hastanede gerçekleştirilmiştir. Delphi yöntemine alanında uzman 10 birim yöneticisi hemşire katılmıştır. Üç aşamalı Delphi uygulaması sonucunda 16 tükenmişlik nedeni belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen 16 neden SWARA yöntemiyle önceliklendirilmiştir. SWARA yöntemine 47 hemşire katılım sağlamıştır. Araştırma sonucunda en önemli tükenmişlik nedeninin yapılan işin maddi olarak karşılığını alamamak/düşük ücret olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anlaşılması güç hasta yakınlarının ise en az önemli tükenmişlik nedeni olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yoğun çalışan hemşirelerin maddi, manevi ödüllendirilmesinin fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Verilen emek ve hizmet karşılığında tatmin edici ücretlendirme yapılması ya da çeşitli katkılarla ham ücretin desteklenmesi ve artırılması önerilebilir. Hemşirelerin tükenmişlik ve başa çıkma konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi önerilebilir.

Abstract

This study aims to determine the factors that cause burnout in nurses, who are critical stakeholders in health service delivery, and to prioritize these factors. For this purpose, Delphi and SWARA methods were used. The research was conducted in a private hospital serving Black Sea Region Türkiye. 10-unit manager nurses who are experts in their fields participated in the Delphi method. As a result of the three-stage Delphi implementation, 16 burnout causes were determined. The 16 identified causes were prioritized with the SWARA method. 47 nurses participated in the SWARA method. As a result of the research, it was determined that the most critical reason for burnout was not being able to get money for the work done/low salary. It was concluded that obscure patient relatives were the least important cause of burnout. It is thought that the financial and moral reward of nurses who work hard will be beneficial. It may be suggested to make satisfactory remuneration for the labor and service provided or to support and increase the raw wage with various contributions. It can be suggested to raise awareness among nurses about burnout and coping.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Aydın, G. Z., Yardan, E. D. (2024). HEMŞİRELERİN TÜKENMİŞLİK NEDENLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ: DELPHİ VE SWARA UYGULAMASI. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 139–154. https://doi.org/10.61859/hacettepesid.1380998

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (59)

  1. Balali, A., Moehler, R. C., & Valipour, A. (2022). Ranking cost overrun factors in the mega hospital construction projects using Delphi-SWARA method: An Iranian case study. International Journal of Construction Management, 22(13), 2577-2585. doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2020.1811465
  2. Bakker, A. B., Killmer, C. H., Siegrist, J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). Effort–reward imbalance and burnout among nurses. Journal of advanced nursing, 31(4), 884-891.
  3. Bjorkman, A., Engstrom, M., Olsson, A., & Wahlberg, A. C. (2017). Identified obstacles and prerequisites in telenurses’ work environment–a modified Delphi study. BMC Health Services Research, 17, 1-11. doi.org/ 10.1186/s12913-017-2296-y
  4. Brandes, P. M. (1997). Organizational cynicism: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences. University of Cincinnati. Doctor Of Philosophy in the Department of Management of the College of Business Administration.
  5. Browne, N., Robinson, L., & Richardson, A. (2002). A Delphi study on the research priorities of European oncology nurses. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(3), 133-144. doi.org/10.1054/ejon.2002.0191
  6. Choudhary, M., Kumar, A., & Pandey, V. (2020). Modified Delphi Technique: Content Validity of The Burnout Syndrome Assessment Scale. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 9(5), 7-9. doi.org/10.9790/1959-0905020709
  7. Cohen, M. Z., Harle, M., Woll, A. M., Despa, S., & Munsell, M. F. (2004). Delphi survey of nursing research priorities. In Oncology Nursing Forum. 31(5), 1011. doi.org/10.1188/04.ONF.1011-1018
  8. Cooper, E., Spilsbury, K., McCaughan, D., Thompson, C., Butterworth, T., & Hanratty, B. (2017). Priorities for the professional development of registered nurses in nursing homes: a Delphi study. Age and Ageing, 46(1), 39-45. doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afw160
  9. Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An Experimental Application of the DELPHI Method to the Use of Experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.9.3.458
  10. Davis, L., Taylor, H., & Reyes, H. (2014). Lifelong learning in nursing: A Delphi study. Nurse Education Today, 34(3), 441-445. doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.04.014
  11. De Diego-Cordero, R., Iglesias-Romo, M., Badanta, B., Lucchetti, G., & Vega-Escaño, J. (2022). Burnout and spirituality among nurses: A scoping review. Explore, 18(5), 612-620. doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2021.08.001
  12. De Hert, S. (2020). Burnout in healthcare workers: prevalence, impact and preventative strategies. Local and regional anesthesia, 171-183. doi.org/10.2147/LRA.S240564
  13. de Meyrick, J. (2003). The Delphi method and health research. Health education, 103(1), 7-16. doi.org/10.1108/09654280310459112
  14. Dean Jr, J. W., Brandes, P., & Dharwadkar, R. (1998). Organizational cynicism. Academy of Management review, 23(2), 341-352. doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.533230
  15. Debnath, B., Bari, A. M., Haq, M. M., de Jesus Pacheco, D. A., & Khan, M. A. (2023). An integrated stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis and weighted aggregated sum product assessment framework for sustainable supplier selection in the healthcare supply chains. Supply Chain Analytics, 1, 100001. doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2022.100001
  16. Demir, A., Ulusoy, M., & Ulusoy, M. F. (2003). Investigation of factors influencing burnout levels in the professional and private lives of nurses. International journal of nursing studies, 40(8), 807-827.
  17. Edú-Valsania, S., Laguía, A., & Moriano, J. A. (2022). Burnout: A review of theory and measurement. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(3), 1780. doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031780
  18. Foote, D. C., Donkersloot, J. N., Sandhu, G., Ziegler, K., & Lau, J. (2022). Identifying institutional factors in general surgery resident wellness and burnout. The American Journal of Surgery, 223(1), 53-57. doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.07.014
  19. Galanis, P., Vraka, I., Fragkou, D., Bilali, A., & Kaitelidou, D. (2021). Nurses’ burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of advanced nursing, 77(8), 3286-3302. doi.org/10.1111/jan.14839
  20. Ghasemi, P., Mehdiabadi, A., Spulbar, C., & Birau, R. (2021). Ranking of sustainable medical tourism destinations in Iran: an integrated approach using fuzzy SWARA-PROMETHEE. Sustainability, 13(2), 683. doi.org/10.3390/su13020683
  21. Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., De la Fuente-Solana, E. I., Albendin-Garcia, L., Vargas-Pecino, C., Ortega-Campos, E. M., & Canadas-De la Fuente, G. A. (2017). Prevalence of burnout syndrome in emergency nurses: A meta-analysis. Critical care nurse, 37(5), e1-e9. doi.org/10.4037/ccn2017508
  22. Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Monsalve-Reyes, C. S., Luis-Costas, S., Fernández-Castillo, R., Aguayo-Estremera, R., & Canadas-de la Fuente, G. A. (2016). Risk factors and burnout levels in Primary Care nurses: A systematic review. Atencion primaria, 49(2), 77-85.
  23. Grant, J. S., & Kinney, M. R. (1992). Using the Delphi technique to examine the content validity of nursing diagnoses. International Journal of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications, 3(1), 12-22. doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-618X.1992.tb00193.x
  24. Greenglass, E. R., Burke, R. J., & Fiksenbaum, L. (2001). Workload and burnout in nurses. Journal of community & applied social psychology, 11(3), 211-215.
  25. Grime, M. M., & Wright, G. (2016). Delphi method. Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online, 1, 16. doi.org/10.1002/9781118445112.stat07879
  26. Hosseini Sarkhosh, S. M., Zahedi, M., & Kazemzadeh, M. (2022). Prioritizing Factors Related to Hospital Readiness against COVID-19. Health Information Management, 19(1), 9-15. doi.org/10.48305/him.2022.24340
  27. Hsu, C. C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Practical assessment, research, and evaluation, 12(1), 10. doi.org/10.7275/pdz9-th90
  28. Jones, U. L. (2019). A Qualitative Delphi Study of RNs’ Experiences and Perceptions regarding Self-Care and Burnout. Doctoral dissertation, Ashford University.
  29. Joo, J. Y., & Liu, M. F. (2021). Nurses' barriers to caring for patients with COVID-19: A qualitative systematic review. International Nursing Review, 68, 202–213. doi.org/10.1111/inr.12648
  30. Keeney, S., Hasson, F., & McKenna, H. P. (2001). A critical review of the Delphi technique as a research methodology for nursing. International journal of nursing studies, 38(2), 195-200. doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7489(00)00044-4
  31. Keeney, S., McKenna, H. A., & Hasson, F. (2011). The Delphi technique in nursing and health research. John Wiley & Sons.
  32. Keršuliene, V., Zavadskas, E. K., & Turskis, Z. (2010). Selection of rational dispute resolution method by applying new step‐wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA). Journal of business economics and management, 11(2), 243-258. doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2010.12
  33. Khatatbeh, H., Pakai, A., Al‐Dwaikat, T., Onchonga, D., Amer, F., Prémusz, V., & Oláh, A. (2022). Nurses’ burnout and quality of life: A systematic review and critical analysis of measures used. Nursing Open, 9(3), 1564-1574. doi.org/10.1002/nop2.936
  34. Kumar, A., Mani, V., Jain, V., Gupta, H., & Venkatesh, V. G. (2023). Managing healthcare supply chain through artificial intelligence (AI): A study of critical success factors. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 175, 108815. doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2022.108815
  35. Liu, R., Hou, L. X., Liu, H. C., & Lin, W. (2020). Occupational health and safety risk assessment using an integrated SWARA-MABAC model under bipolar fuzzy environment. Computational and Applied Mathematics, 39, 1-17. doi.org/10.1007/s40314-020-01311-7
  36. Lynn, M. R., Layman, E. L., & Englebardt, S. P. (1998). Nursing administration research priorities: a national Delphi study. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 28(5), 7-11.
  37. Manzano-García, G., & Ayala, J. C. (2017). Insufficiently studied factors related to burnout in nursing: Results from an e-Delphi study. PloS one, 12(4), e0175352. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175352
  38. Mardani, A., Saraji, M. K., Mishra, A. R., & Rani, P. (2020). A novel extended approach under hesitant fuzzy sets to design a framework for assessing the key challenges of digital health interventions adoption during the COVID-19 outbreak. Applied Soft Computing, 96, 106613. doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106613
  39. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of organizational behavior, 2(2), 99-113. doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205 Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (1997). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. John Wiley & Sons.
  40. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Burnout. In Stress: Concepts, cognition, emotion, and behavior (pp. 351-357). Academic Press. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800951-2.00044-3
  41. McHugh, M. D., & Ma, C. (2014). Wage, work environment, and staffing: effects on nurse outcomes. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 15(3-4), 72-80.
  42. Mcilfatrick, S. J., & Keeney, S. (2003). Identifying cancer nursing research priorities using the Delphi technique. Journal of advanced nursing, 42(6), 629-636. doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02666.x
  43. Meidute-Kavaliauskiene, I., & Ghorbani, S. (2021). Supply chain contract selection in the healthcare industry: A hybrid mcdm method in uncertainty environment. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 12(4), 1160-1187. doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v12i4.1356
  44. Moreno‐Casbas, T., Martín‐Arribas, C., Orts‐Cortés, I., & Comet‐Cortés, P. (2001). Identification of priorities for nursing research in Spain: a Delphi study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 35(6), 857-863. doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01923.x
  45. Nasa, P., Jain, R., & Juneja, D. (2021). Delphi methodology in healthcare research: how to decide its appropriateness. World Journal of Methodology, 11(4), 116. doi.org/ 10.5662/wjm.v11.i4.116
  46. Nogueira, L.S., Sousa, R.M.C., Guedes, E.S., Santos, M.A., Turrini, R.N.T., Cruz, D.A.L.M. (2018). Burnout and nursing work environment in public health institutions. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 71, 336-342. doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0524
  47. Pappa, S., Ntella, V., Giannakas, T., Giannakoulis, V. G., Papoutsi, E., & Katsaounou, P. (2020). Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 88, 901–907. doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.026
  48. Ramos, D., Arezes, P., & Afonso, P. (2016). Application of the Delphi Method for the inclusion of externalities in occupational safety and health analysis. Dyna, 83(196), 14-20. doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v83n196.56603
  49. Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2009). Burnout: 35 years of research and practice. Career development international, 14(3), 204-220. doi.org/10.1108/13620430910966406
  50. Schell, K. A. (2006). A Delphi study of innovative teaching in baccalaureate nursing education. Journal of Nursing Education, 45(11), 439-448.
  51. Shahzad, M. N., Ahmed, M. A., & Akram, B. (2019). Nurses in double trouble: Antecedents of job burnout in nursing profession. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 35(4), 934. doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.600
  52. Sim, J., Crookes, P., Walsh, K., & Halcomb, E. (2018). Measuring the outcomes of nursing practice: A Delphi study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(1-2), e368-e378. doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13971
  53. Trevelyan, E. G., & Robinson, N. (2015). Delphi methodology in health research: how to do it?. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 7(4), 423-428. doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2015.07.002
  54. Turoff, M., Linstone, H. A. (2002). The Delphi Method Techniques and Applications. MA: Addison-Wesley. doi.org/ 10.2307/3150755
  55. Van Houwelingen, C. T., Moerman, A. H., Ettema, R. G., Kort, H. S., & Ten Cate, O. (2016). Competencies required for nursing telehealth activities: A Delphi-study. Nurse education today, 39, 50-62. doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.12.025
  56. Vidotti, V., Ribeiro, R. P., Galdino, M. J. Q., & Martins, J. T. (2018). Burnout Syndrome and shift work among the nursing staff. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem, 26, e3022.
  57. WHO. (2019, May 28). Burn-out an “occupational phenomenon”: International Classification of Diseases. https://www.who.int/news/item/28-05-2019-burn-out-an-occupational-phenomenon-international-classification-of-diseases
  58. WHO. (2023). Occupational stress, burnout and fatigue. https://www.who.int/tools/occupational-hazards-in-health-sector/occup-stress-burnout-fatigue
  59. Yüksel Kaçan, C., Örsal, Ö., & Köşgeroğlu, N. (2016). Hemşirelerde tükenmişlik düzeyinin incelenmesi. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, 5(2), 65-74.