Dergiler / Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Investigation of Pyrolysis of Walnut Shells and Pyrolysis Oil Quality

Faruk Oral(BITLIS EREN UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-4114-0785
Emre Gönel(BITLIS EREN UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-0604-1439
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2023-06-27
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

The results indicates that pyrolysis oil can be produced from walnut shells, the reaction temperature is an important factor on pyrolysis oil yield and pyrolysis oil has complex nature compare to fossil fuels.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:The energy demand is increasing in parallel with the technological developments and population in the world.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:The effect of pyrolysis reaction temperature on pyrolysis oil yield is studied.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:The results indicates that pyrolysis oil can be produced from walnut shells, the reaction temperature is an important factor on pyrolysis oil yield and pyrolysis oil has complex nature compare to fossil fuels.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Walnut Shells · Bio Oil · Wastes.

Abstract

The energy demand is increasing in parallel with the technological developments and population in the world. Fossil fuels are the main source for this demand. As a result of energy production from fossil fuels, natural environment is adversely affected. Furthermore, many countries depend on the fossil fuels for their energy need. Researchers have been interested in alternative energy sources such as solar, biomass, and wind. There are many studies for investigating pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Studies mainly focused on the chemical structure of pyrolysis oil from different feedstocks. In this study, producing pyrolysis oil from walnut shells using pyrolysis reactor, investigating pyrolysis oil properties while comparing it with fossil fuels to determine if the oil can be used in internal combustion engines are investigated. The effect of pyrolysis reaction temperature on pyrolysis oil yield is studied. The results indicates that pyrolysis oil can be produced from walnut shells, the reaction temperature is an important factor on pyrolysis oil yield and pyrolysis oil has complex nature compare to fossil fuels.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Oral, F., Behcet, R., Gönel, E. (2023). Investigation of Pyrolysis of Walnut Shells and Pyrolysis Oil Quality. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, Volume: 12 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1235630

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (31)

  1. R. C. Saxena, D. K. Adhikari, and H. B. Goyal, “Biomass-based energy fuel through biochemical routes: a review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 167-178, 2009.
  2. R. Behcet, R. Yumrutaş, and H. Oktay, “Effects of fuels produced from fish and cooking oils on performance and emissions of a diesel engine”. Energy, vol. 71, pp. 645-655, 2014.
  3. B. D. Wahlen et al., “Biodiesel from microalgae, yeast, and bacteria: Engine performance and exhaust emissions,” Energy Fuels, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 220–228, 2013.
  4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) https://www.epa.gov/rhc/biomass-heating-and-cooling-technologies. [Accessed: September 5, 2022].
  5. Z. Ji-Lu. “Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of rice husk: Yields and related properties and improvement of the pyrolysis system”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 80, no. ), pp. 30-35, 2007.
  6. K. Akubo, M. A. Nahil, and P.T Williams, “Pyrolysis-catalytic steam reforming of agricultural biomass wastes and biomass components for production of hydrogen/syngas”. Journal of the Energy Institute, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 1987-1996, 2018.
  7. H. Persson, and W. Yang, “Catalytic pyrolysis of demineralized lignocellulosic biomass”. Fuel, vol. 252, pp. 200-209, 2019
  8. R. Maggi and B. Delmon, “A review of catalytic hydrotreating processes for the upgrading of liquids produced by flash pyrolysis,” in Hydrotreatment and Hydrocracking of Oil Fractions, Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium/6th European Workshop, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 99–113
  9. I. Demiral, N. G. Atilgan, and S. Şensöz, “Production of biofuel from soft shell of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)” Chemical Engineering Communications, vol. 196, no. (1-2), pp. 104-115, 2008.
  10. H. Yücedağ, & H. Durak, “Bio-oil and bio-char from lactuca scariola: significance of catalyst and temperature for assessing yield and quality of pyrolysis”. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1774-1787, 2022.
  11. A. Demirbaş, “Fuel Characteristics of Olive Husk and Walnut, Hazelnut, Sunflower, and Almond Shells,” Energy Sources, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 215-221, 2002
  12. O. Onay, S. BEIS and O. M. Kockar, “Pyrolysis of Walnut Shell in a Well-Swept Fixed-Bed Reactor,” Energy Sources, vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 771-782, 2004.
  13. Turkish Statistical Institute (TUİK) https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ [Accessed: September 10, 2022].
  14. S.M. Şen, “Cevizin Besin Değeri ve Sağlıklı Beslenmedeki Önemi”. Bahçe vol. 46 (Special Edition 2): pp. 1–9, 2017.
  15. E. Gonel, R. Behcet, and F. ORAL, Energy production from lignocellulosic biomass wastes, 22nd Congress on Thermal Science and Technology, Kocaeli, 2019
  16. X. Guo, Z. Xu, X. Zheng, X. Jin, and J. Cai, “Understanding pyrolysis mechanisms of corn and cotton stalks via kinetics and thermodynamics,” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 105521, 2022.
  17. T. Aysu, “Catalytic pyrolysis of Alcea pallida stems in a fixed-bed reactor for production of liquid bio-fuels”. Bioresource Technology, vol. 191, pp. 253-262, 2015
  18. B. B. Uzun, and G. Kanmaz, “Effect of operating parameters on bio-fuel production from waste furniture sawdust,” Waste Management & Research, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 361-367, 2013
  19. S. J. Kim, S. H. Jung, and J. S. Kim, “Fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shells: influence of operation parameters on the bio-oil yield and the yield of phenol and phenolic compounds,” Bioresource technology, vol. 101, no. 23, pp. 9294-9300, 2010
  20. W. T. Tsai, M. K. Lee, and Y. M. Chang, “Fast pyrolysis of rice husk: Product yields and compositions,” Bioresource technology, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 22-28, 2007.
  21. B. M. Phan, L. T. Duong, V. D. Nguyen, T. B. Tran, M. H. Nguyen, L. H Nguyen, and L. C. Luu, “Evaluation of the production potential of bio-oil from Vietnamese biomass resources by fast pyrolysis”. Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 62, pp. 74-81, 2014.
  22. M. Bertero, G. de la Puente, and U. Sedran, “Fuels from bio-oils: Bio-oil production from different residual sources, characterization, and thermal conditioning,” Fuel, vol. 95, pp. 263-271, 2012
  23. T. Imam, and S. Capareda, “Characterization of bio-oil, syn-gas and bio-char from switchgrass pyrolysis at various temperatures,”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 93, pp. 170-177, 2012.
  24. F. Oral, N. Y. Çolak and D. Şimşek, "Küçük çaplı enerji üretiminde kullanılan bir dizel jeneratörde ek yakıt olarak atık motor yağı ve alkol kullanımının emisyon etkileri", Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 865-874, Oct. 2022, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.811625
  25. Sigma Aldrich https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ [Accessed: November 13, 2022].
  26. E. Apaydin-Varol, B. B. Uzun, E. Önal, and A. E. Pütün, “Synthetic fuel production from cottonseed: fast pyrolysis and a TGA/FT-IR/MS study,” Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, vol. 105, pp. 83-90, 2014
  27. National Library of Medicine https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ [Accessed: December 13, 2022].
  28. X. Guo, S. Wang, Z. Guo, Q. Liu, Z. Luo, and K. Cen, “Pyrolysis characteristics of bio- oil fractions separated by molecular distillation,” Applied Energy, vol. 87, no. 9,pp. 2892-2898, 2010.
  29. C. Mohabeer, L. Abdelouahed, S. Marcotte, and B. Taouk, “Comparative analysis of pyrolytic liquid products of beech wood, flax shives and woody biomass components”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 127, pp. 269-277, 2017.
  30. S. C. Gad, “Petroleum Hydrocarbons,” in: Wexler, P.B.T.-E. of T. (Third E. (Ed.), Academic Press, Oxford, pp. 838–840. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00899-X, 2014
  31. F. Oral, N. Y. Çolak and D. Şimşek, "Küçük çaplı enerji üretiminde kullanılan bir dizel jeneratörde ek yakıt olarak atık motor yağı ve alkol kullanımının emisyon etkileri", Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 865-874, Oct. 2022, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.811625