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Dergiler / Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering / 2026 / Cilt: 14

ULUSLARARASI ÇEVRE ANLAŞMALARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE G-7 ÜLKELERİNDE KARBON EMİSYONLARININ DÖNÜŞÜMÜ

Transformation of Carbon Emissions in G-7 Countries within the Framework of International Environmental Agreements

Sadullah Özel(Batman University)0000-0003-4053-873X
Muhammed İnal(BATMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-0165-6565
Sayfa
26–32
Yayın Tarihi
2026-03-27
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Bulgular, Kyoto müzakereleri ve uygulama dönemi (1997-2005) ve Paris Anlaşması sonrasında (2015-2017) önemli kırılmaların meydana geldiğini göstermektedir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Bu çalışma, G7 ülkeleri bağlamında 1990-2023 dönemi için imzalanan uluslararası çevre anlaşmalarının karbondioksit (CO₂) emisyonları üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektedir.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Bulgular, Kyoto müzakereleri ve uygulama dönemi (1997-2005) ve Paris Anlaşması sonrasında (2015-2017) önemli kırılmaların meydana geldiğini göstermektedir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Ayrıca, gelecekte daha güçlü izleme mekanizmalarına duyulan ihtiyacı da ortaya koymaktadır.
🔬Tür:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Kapsam:2023 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:Uluslararası Çevre Anlaşmaları · Kyoto Protokolü · Paris Anlaşması

Özet

Bu çalışma, G7 ülkeleri bağlamında 1990-2023 dönemi için imzalanan uluslararası çevre anlaşmalarının karbondioksit (CO₂) emisyonları üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, özellikle Kyoto Protokolü ve Paris Anlaşması çerçevesinde geliştirilen düzenlemelerden kaynaklanan emisyon eğilimlerindeki yapısal dönüşümleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Emisyon serilerindeki rejim değişikliklerinin tarihleri, Bai-Perron çoklu yapısal kırılma testi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, Kyoto müzakereleri ve uygulama dönemi (1997-2005) ve Paris Anlaşması sonrasında (2015-2017) önemli kırılmaların meydana geldiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, küresel finans krizi ve Avrupa borç krizi gibi ekonomik şoklar da çevre politikası uygulamasının etkinliğini etkilemiştir. Çevre anlaşmaları, G7 ülkelerinde mutlak emisyonları azaltmada kısmen başarılı olmuştur. Toplam emisyonlardaki payları 1990'da %40'tan 2023'te %20'ye düştü. Bununla birlikte, ülkeler arasında farklılıklar devam etmekte ve esnek taahhütlere dayalı mekanizmaların zayıf bağlayıcılığı, emisyon azaltımında farklı sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışma, küresel emisyon politikalarının şekillenmesinde çevresel anlaşmaların belirleyici rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca, gelecekte daha güçlü izleme mekanizmalarına duyulan ihtiyacı da ortaya koymaktadır.

Abstract

This study analyzes the impacts of signed international environmental agreements on carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions for the period 1990-2023 in the context of the G-7 countries. The main objective of the study is to reveal the structural transformations in emission trends resulting from the regulations developed within the framework of international environmental agreements, particularly the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. The dates of regime shifts in the emission series were determined using the Bai-Perron multiple structural break test. The findings indicate that significant breaks occurred during the Kyoto negotiations and implementation period (1997-2005) and after the Paris Agreement (2015-2017). In addition, economic shocks such as the global financial crisis and the European debt crisis have also affected the effectiveness of environmental policy implementation. Environmental agreements have been partially successful in reducing absolute emissions in the G-7 countries. Their share of total emissions decreased from 40% in 1990 to 20% in 2023. However, differences persist across countries, and the weak binding nature of mechanisms based on flexible commitments leads to varying outcomes in emissions reductions. In this context, the study emphasizes the decisive role of environmental agreements in shaping global emissions policies. It also highlights the need for stronger monitoring mechanisms in the future.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Özel, S., İnal, M. (2026). ULUSLARARASI ÇEVRE ANLAŞMALARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE G-7 ÜLKELERİNDE KARBON EMİSYONLARININ DÖNÜŞÜMÜ. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cilt: 14, 26–32. https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1888550

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