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Farklı Grup İnsektisitlerin Ortak Paydası; İnsan Lenfositlerinde Neden Oldukları Sessiz Genotoksik Hasarlardan Birisi Olarak Mikronükleus Oluşumu

Common Denominator of Different Groups of Insecticides; Micronucleus Formation as One of the Silent Genotoxic Damages They Cause in Human Lymphocytes

Halit Kızılet(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-7289-4635
Handan Uysal(ATATURK UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-4290-8223
Sayfa
261–271
Yayın Tarihi
2026-03-27
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Araştırmamız sonucu elde edilen veriler, insektisit (pestisit) maruziyetinin genetik materyal için geri-dönüşümsüz risk faktörü olduğunu ve insan sağlığı ile çevre güvenliği açısından daha sıkı kanuni düzenlemelerin yapılmasının gerekliliğini göstermektedir.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

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Amaç & Hipotez:Bu çalışma, pestisitlerin bir grubu olan insektisitlerin insan periferal lenfosit hücrelerindeki genotoksik etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Bu amaçla üç farklı kimyasal grubundan piretiroid, organoklorlu ve neonikotinoid insektisitlere ait deltametrin, endosülfan ve tiakloprid insektisitlerinin insan periferal lenfosit hücrelerindeki genotoksik ve sitotoksik etkileri, genotoksisitenin en önemli biyobelirteçlerinden birisi olan mikronükleus (MN) testi ile belirlenmiştir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Araştırmamız sonucu elde edilen veriler, insektisit (pestisit) maruziyetinin genetik materyal için geri-dönüşümsüz risk faktörü olduğunu ve insan sağlığı ile çevre güvenliği açısından daha sıkı kanuni düzenlemelerin yapılmasının gerekliliğini göstermektedir.
🔬Tür:Deneysel Tarla Denemesi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Deltametrin · Endosülfan · Thiacloprid

Özet

Bu çalışma, pestisitlerin bir grubu olan insektisitlerin insan periferal lenfosit hücrelerindeki genotoksik etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla üç farklı kimyasal grubundan piretiroid, organoklorlu ve neonikotinoid insektisitlere ait deltametrin, endosülfan ve tiakloprid insektisitlerinin insan periferal lenfosit hücrelerindeki genotoksik ve sitotoksik etkileri, genotoksisitenin en önemli biyobelirteçlerinden birisi olan mikronükleus (MN) testi ile belirlenmiştir. Endosülfan geniş spektrumlu bir organoklorin insektisit ve akarisit olup endokrin bozucu olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu insektisit ABD Çevre Koruma Ajansı (EPA) tarafından toksisite sınıfı I'de toksik bir pestisit olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Deltametrin de Alman Federal Çevre Bakanlığı tarafından tıpkı endosülfan gibi potansiyel bir endokrin bozucu olarak tanımlanmıştır. Geniş spektrumlu sentetik dibromopiretiroid insektisitlerden birisidir ve yüksek moleküler ağırlıklı bir lipofilik bileşik olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Tiakloprid ise Dünya’da en sık kullanılan neonikotinoid grubundan bir insektisittir ve sinir sistemi üzerinde inhibitör etkili olarak tanımlanmıştır. Diğer pestisit gruplarına nazaran insanlara daha az zararlı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ancak tüm insektisitlerin ortak özelliği çevrede uzun süre kalıcı olmaları ve biyobirikim yapmalarıdır. Çalışmada kullanılan tüm insektisitler MN oluşumunu artırmış ve nükleer bölünme indeksini (NBİ) düşürmüştür. Doz artışına bağlı olarak MN oluşumunda gözlenen artışlar DNA hasarının göstergesi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Araştırmamız sonucu elde edilen veriler, insektisit (pestisit) maruziyetinin genetik materyal için geri-dönüşümsüz risk faktörü olduğunu ve insan sağlığı ile çevre güvenliği açısından daha sıkı kanuni düzenlemelerin yapılmasının gerekliliğini göstermektedir.

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the genotoxic effects of insecticides, a group of pesticides, on human peripheral lymphocyte cells. For this purpose, the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of deltamethrin, endosulfan and thiacloprid insecticides, which belong to three different chemical groups, pyrethroid, organochlorine and neonicotinoid insecticides, on human peripheral lymphocyte cells were determined by the micronucleus (MN) test, which is one of the most important biomarkers of genotoxicity. Endosulfan is a broad-spectrum organochlorine insecticide and acaricide and is considered an endocrine disruptor. This insecticide is classified as a toxic pesticide in toxicity class I by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Deltamethrin, like endosulfan, has been defined as a potential endocrine disruptor by the German Federal Ministry of the Environment. It is one of the broad-spectrum synthetic dibromopyrethroid insecticides and is defined as a high molecular weight lipophilic compound. Thiacloprid is an insecticide from the neonicotinoid group, which is the most commonly used in the world, and has been defined as an inhibitory effect on the nervous system. It is thought to be less harmful to humans than other pesticide groups. However, the common feature of all insecticides is that they persist in the environment for a long time and bioaccumulate. All insecticides used in the study increased MN formation and decreased the nuclear division index (NDI). Increases observed in MN formation due to increased doses are considered to be indicators of DNA damage. The data obtained as a result of our research show that insecticide (pesticide) exposure is an irreversible risk factor for genetic material and that stricter legal regulations are necessary for human health and environmental safety.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Kızılet, H., Uysal, H. (2026). Farklı Grup İnsektisitlerin Ortak Paydası; İnsan Lenfositlerinde Neden Oldukları Sessiz Genotoksik Hasarlardan Birisi Olarak Mikronükleus Oluşumu. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 261–271. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1679831

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