Dergiler / Acta Medica Nicomedia / 2026 / Cilt: 9

SİYATİK SİNİR HASARINA BAĞLI KAS ATROFİSİNDE YÜZME EGZERSİZİNİN GASTROKNEMİUS KASINA VE MuRF-1 EKSPRESYONUNA ETKİLERİ

EFFECTS OF SWIMMING EXERCISE ON GASTROCNEMIUS IN SCIATIC NERVE INJURY-INDUCED MUSCLE ATROPHY AND MuRF-1 EXPRESSION

Sayfa
1–9
Yayın Tarihi
2026-06-15
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Bulgular: Yaralanma grubu, kontrol (%98,2±3,1) ve yaralanma + yüzme gruplarına (%81,6±7,4) kıyasla en düşük gastroknemius kas ağırlık oranını gösterdi (%63,4±8,7) (p<0,001).

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Amaç: Periferik sinir yaralanmaları, başarılı reinnervasyon gerçekleşmeden önceki denervasyon döneminde ilerleyici iskelet kası dejenerasyonuna yol açabilir.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:MuRF-1, protein yıkımı ve kas atrofisinde rol oynayan kasa özgü bir E3 ubikuitin ligazdır.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Bulgular: Yaralanma grubu, kontrol (%98,2±3,1) ve yaralanma + yüzme gruplarına (%81,6±7,4) kıyasla en düşük gastroknemius kas ağırlık oranını gösterdi (%63,4±8,7) (p<0,001).
🔬Tür:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Sciatic nerve injury · swimming exercise · gastrocnemius muscle

Özet

Amaç: Periferik sinir yaralanmaları, başarılı reinnervasyon gerçekleşmeden önceki denervasyon döneminde ilerleyici iskelet kası dejenerasyonuna yol açabilir. MuRF-1, protein yıkımı ve kas atrofisinde rol oynayan kasa özgü bir E3 ubikuitin ligazdır. Bu çalışma, sıçanlarda siyatik sinir ezilme yaralanması sonrasında yüzme egzersizinin gastroknemius kası dejenerasyonu ve MuRF-1 ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladı. Yöntem: Yirmi dört erkek sıçan üç gruba ayrıldı: kontrol, siyatik sinir yaralanması ve yaralanma + yüzme egzersizi (n = 8/grup). Yaralanma gruplarında siyatik sinir ezilme yaralanması oluşturuldu ve tedavi grubuna 21 gün boyunca yüzme egzersizi uygulandı. Gastroknemius kas ağırlık oranı, histopatolojik değişiklikler ve MuRF-1 immünreaktivitesi değerlendirildi. Kas atrofisi, lif dejenerasyonu ve perimisyel ödem yarı kantitatif olarak skorlandı. MuRF-1 ekspresyonu H-skor yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analizler tek yönlü ANOVA ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular: Yaralanma grubu, kontrol (%98,2±3,1) ve yaralanma + yüzme gruplarına (%81,6±7,4) kıyasla en düşük gastroknemius kas ağırlık oranını gösterdi (%63,4±8,7) (p<0,001). Histopatolojik analiz, yaralanma grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek kas atrofisi, lif dejenerasyonu, perimisyel ödem ve MuRF-1 immün skorları olduğunu gösterdi (tümü p<0,001). Buna karşılık, yaralanma + yüzme grubunda histopatolojik skorlar ve MuRF-1 immün skorları yaralanma grubuna göre anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü (tümü p<0,0001). MuRF-1 H-skoru, kas atrofisi (r=0,719, p<0,001), lif dejenerasyonu (r = 0,752, p<0,001) ve perimisyel ödem (r=0,690, p<0,001) ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi. Sonuç: Siyatik sinir yaralanması belirgin gastroknemius kas dejenerasyonuna, kas kütlesinde azalmaya ve MuRF-1 ekspresyonunda artışa neden oldu. Yüzme egzersizi bu değişiklikleri hafifletti, kas ağırlığını korudu ve MuRF-1 ekspresyonunu azalttı. Bu bulgular, yüzme egzersizinin denervasyona bağlı iskelet kası atrofisini azaltmada etkili bir rehabilitasyon stratejisi olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Abstract

Objective: Peripheral nerve injuries may lead to progressive skeletal muscle degeneration during the denervation period before successful reinnervation occurs. MuRF-1 is a muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in protein degradation and muscle atrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of swimming exercise on gastrocnemius muscle degeneration and MuRF-1 expression following sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into three groups: control, sciatic nerve injury, and injury + swimming exercise (n=8/group). Sciatic nerve crush injury was induced in the injury groups, and swimming exercise was applied for 21 days in the treatment group. Gastrocnemius muscle weight ratio, histopathological changes, and MuRF-1 immunoreactivity were evaluated. Muscle atrophy, fiber degeneration, and perimysial edema were scored semi-quantitatively. MuRF-1 expression was assessed using the H-score method. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The injury group showed the lowest gastrocnemius muscle weight ratio (63.4±8.7%) compared with the control (98.2±3.1%) and injury + swimming groups (81.6±7.4%) (p<0.001). Histopathological analysis demonstrated significantly higher muscle atrophy, fiber degeneration, perimysial edema, and MuRF-1 immune scores in the injury group than in the control group (all p<0.001). In contrast, the injury + swimming group showed significantly lower histopathological scores and MuRF-1 immune scores than the injury group (all p<0.001). MuRF-1 H-score was positively correlated with muscle atrophy (r=0.719, p<0.001), fiber degeneration (r=0.752, p<0.001), and perimysial edema (r = 0.690, p<0.001). Conclusion: Sciatic nerve injury induced marked gastrocnemius muscle degeneration, reduced muscle mass, and increased MuRF-1 expression. Swimming exercise attenuated these changes, preserved muscle weight, and reduced MuRF-1 expression. These findings suggest that swimming exercise may be an effective rehabilitative strategy for reducing denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Aşır, F., Sahin, F. (2026). SİYATİK SİNİR HASARINA BAĞLI KAS ATROFİSİNDE YÜZME EGZERSİZİNİN GASTROKNEMİUS KASINA VE MuRF-1 EKSPRESYONUNA ETKİLERİ. Acta Medica Nicomedia, Cilt: 9, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1927172

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (46)

  1. Menorca RM, Fussell TS, Elfar JC. Nerve physiology: mechanisms of injury and recovery. Hand Clin.2013;29(3):317–30. doi:10.1016/j.hcl.2013.04.002
  2. Zainul Z, Ma B, Koka M, et al. Novel roles of phentolamine in protecting axon myelination, muscle atrophy, and functional recovery following nerve injury. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):3344. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07253-w
  3. Lee JI, Hur JM, You J, Lee DH. Functional recovery with histomorphometric analysis of nerves and muscles after combination treatment with erythropoietin and dexamethasone in acute peripheral nerve injury. PLoS One. 2020;15(9):e0238208. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0238208
  4. Choi WH, Jang YJ, Son HJ, Ahn J, Jung CH, Ha TY. Apigenin inhibits sciatic nerve denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Muscle Nerve. 2018;58(2):314–318. doi:10.1002/mus.26133
  5. Carlson BM. The Biology of Long-Term Denervated Skeletal Muscle. Eur J Transl Myol. 2014;24(1):3293. doi:10.4081/ejtm.2014.3293
  6. Muller FL, Song W, Jang YC, et al. Denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with increased mitochondrial ROS production. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007;293(3):R1159–68. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00767.2006
  7. Burrell JC, Ali ZS, Zager EL, Rosen JM, Tatarchuk MM, Cullen DK. Engineering the Future of Restorative Clinical Peripheral Nerve Surgery. Adv Healthc Mater. 2025;14(20):e2404293. doi:10.1002/adhm.202404293
  8. Chen J, Zhu Y, Gao H, et al. HucMSCs Delay Muscle Atrophy After Peripheral Nerve Injury Through Exosomes by Repressing Muscle-Specific Ubiquitin Ligases. Stem Cells. 2024;42(5):460–474. doi:10.1093/stmcls/sxae017
  9. Peris-Moreno D, Taillandier D, Polge C. MuRF1/TRIM63, Master Regulator of Muscle Mass. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(18). doi:10.3390/ijms21186663
  10. Baehr LM, Hughes DC, Lynch SA, et al. Identification of the MuRF1 Skeletal Muscle Ubiquitylome Through Quantitative Proteomics. Function (Oxf). 2021;2(4):zqab029. doi:10.1093/function/zqab029
  11. Clarke BA, Drujan D, Willis MS, et al. The E3 Ligase MuRF1 degrades myosin heavy chain protein in dexamethasone-treated skeletal muscle. Cell Metab.2007;6(5):376–85. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.09.009
  12. Maugeri G, D'Agata V, Trovato B, et al. The role of exercise on peripheral nerve regeneration: from animal model to clinical application. Heliyon. 2021;7(11):e08281. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08281
  13. Liao CF, Yang TY, Chen YH, Yao CH, Way TD, Chen YS. Effects of swimming exercise on nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve transection model. Biomedicine (Taipei). 2017;7(1):3. doi:10.1051/bmdcn/2017070103
  14. Peris-Moreno D, Malige M, Claustre A, et al. UBE2L3, a Partner of MuRF1/TRIM63, Is Involved in the Degradation of Myofibrillar Actin and Myosin.Cells.2021;10(8):1974. doi: 10.3390/cells10081974
  15. Grosu-Bularda A, Vancea CV, Hodea FV, et al. Optimizing Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Surgical Techniques, Biomolecular and Regenerative Strategies-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(8). doi:10.3390/ ijms26083895
  16. Percie du Sert N, Hurst V, Ahluwalia A, et al. The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: Updated guidelines for reporting animal research. Br J Pharmacol. 2020;177(16):3617–3624. doi:10.1111/bph.15193
  17. Zhou P, Zhang R, Xian L, et al. Selection of sciatic nerve injury models: implications for pathogenesis and treatment. Front Neurol. 2025;16:1521941. doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1521941
  18. Nijhuis TH, de Boer SA, Wahegaonkar AL, et al. A new approach to assess the gastrocnemius muscle volume in rodents using ultrasound; comparison with the gastrocnemius muscle index. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54041. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054041
  19. Burnett MG, Zager EL. Pathophysiology of peripheral nerve injury: a brief review. Neurosurg Focus.2004;16(5):E1. doi:10.3171/foc.2004.16.5.2
  20. Armstrong RB, Phelps RO. Muscle fiber type composition of the rat hindlimb. Am J Anat. 1984;171(3):259–72. doi:10.1002/aja.1001710303
  21. Aydeniz Acar GE, Akdeniz AS, Türe Z, et al. HOXA1 expression in placentas of woman with fetal growth restriction. Perinatal J. 2024;32(2). doi: 10.59215/prn.24.0322012
  22. Schneider CA, Rasband WS, Eliceiri KW. NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis. Nat Methods. 2012;9(7):671–5. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2089
  23. Yadav A, Dabur R. Skeletal muscle atrophy after sciatic nerve damage: Mechanistic insights. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2024;970:176506. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar. 2024.176506
  24. Qiu J, Chang YAN, Liang W, et al. Pharmacological effects of denervated muscle atrophy due to metabolic imbalance in different periods. Biocell. 2023;47(11):2351–2359. doi:10.32604/biocell.2023.031043
  25. Gunasekaran SK, Amzad Khan M, Mirza M, Shanthi Bhupathi S, Abdul Azeeze MST. Neuromuscular Mechanisms and Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Emerging Stem Cell and Gene-Based Therapeutic Strategies. Muscles. 2026;5(1). doi:10.3390/muscles 5010013
  26. Teodori RM, Betini J, de Oliveira LS, Sobral LL, Takeda SY, de Lima Montebelo MI. Swimming exercise in the acute or late phase after sciatic nerve crush accelerates nerve regeneration. Neural Plast. 2011:783901. doi:10.1155/2011/783901
  27. Debastiani JC, Santana AJ, Ribeiro LdFC, Brancalhão RMC, Bertolini GRF. Sericin silk protein in peripheral nervous repair associated with the physical exercise of swimming in Wistar rats. Neurological Research. 2019;41(4):326–334. doi:10.1080/01616412.2018.1564187
  28. Zhang M, Chen M, Li Y, et al. Delayed denervation-induced muscle atrophy in Opg knockout mice. Front Physiol. 2023;14:1127474. doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1127474
  29. Oguri G, Ikegami R, Ugawa H, et al. Muscle Atrophy and mRNA-miRNA Network Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in a Mouse Model of Denervation-Induced Disuse. Cureus. 2024;16(9):e68974. doi:10.7759/cureus.68974
  30. Huang J, Wen T, Wei H, et al. Pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies for muscle wasting: an integrative review. Front Physiol. 2025;16:1674892. doi:10.3389/fphys.2025.1674892
  31. Bodine SC, Baehr LM. Skeletal muscle atrophy and the E3 ubiquitin ligases MuRF1 and MAFbx/atrogin-1. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2014;307(6):E469-84. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00204.2014.
  32. Wang H, Wang H, Li X, Xu W. MuRF-1 is Involved in Laryngeal Muscle Denervation Atrophy by Regulating G-Actin Ubiquitination. Laryngoscope. 2024;134(2):855–864. doi:10.1002/lary.31021
  33. Baehr LM, West DWD, Marshall AG, Marcotte GR, Baar K, Bodine SC. Muscle-specific and age-related changes in protein synthesis and protein degradation in response to hindlimb unloading in rats. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2017;122(5):1336–1350. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol. 00703.2016
  34. Fujiwara M, Iwata M, Inoue T, et al. Decreased grip strength, muscle pain, and atrophy occur in rats following long-term exposure to excessive repetitive motion. FEBS Open Bio. 2017;7(11):1737–1749. doi:10.1002/2211-5463.12315
  35. Long F, Pan X, He A, Wang X, Wei Z, Gao S. Skeletal muscle reprogramming in peripheral nerve injury: mechanisms, therapeutic roles, and complication management. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2026;251:10835. doi:10.3389/ ebm.2026.10835
  36. Chu X, Sun J, Liang J, et al. Mechanisms of muscle repair after peripheral nerve injury by electrical stimulation combined with blood flow restriction training. Sports Med Health Sci. 2025;7(3):173–184. doi:10.1016/j.smhs. 2024.10.002
  37. Chu XL, Song XZ, Li Q, et al. Basic mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury and treatment via electrical stimulation. Neural Regen Res.2022;17(10):2185–2193. doi:10.4103/1673-5374.335823
  38. Wang W, Shen D, Zhang L, et al. SKP-SC-EVs Mitigate Denervated Muscle Atrophy by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Improving Microcirculation. Antioxidants. 2022;11(1):66. doi:10.3390/antiox11010066
  39. Moriscot AS, Baptista IL, Bogomolovas J, et al. MuRF1 is a muscle fiber-type II associated factor and together with MuRF2 regulates type-II fiber trophicity and maintenance. J Struct Biol. 2010;170(2):344–353. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2010.02.001
  40. Wang H, Wang H, Li X, Xu W. Characteristics of Early Internal Laryngeal Muscle Atrophy After Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries in Rats. Laryngoscope. 2021;131(4):E1256–e1264. doi:10.1002/lary.29210
  41. Wu SH, Wang Y, Xiang DL, et al. Effects of electroacupuncture at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) combined with neurodynamic mobilization on gastrocnemius muscle atrophy and expression of NF-κB and MuRF1 in rabbits after sciatic nerve injury. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2023;43(11):1293–1299. doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20220722-k0001
  42. Li H, Malhotra S, Kumar A. Nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in skeletal muscle atrophy. J Mol Med (Berl). 2008;86(10):1113–26. doi:10.1007/s00109-008-0373-8
  43. Sartori R, Romanello V, Sandri M. Mechanisms of muscle atrophy and hypertrophy: implications in health and disease.Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):330. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20123-1
  44. El Assar M, Álvarez-Bustos A, Sosa P, Angulo J, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Effect of Physical Activity/Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Muscle and Vascular Aging. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(15). doi:10.3390/ijms23158713
  45. Karakoç M, Ayaz H, Çelik F, Aşır F. Evaluation of Dexamethasone and Swimming Exercise as Complementary Interventions in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model. Antioxidants. 2025;14(11):1382. doi:10.3390/antiox14111382
  46. Memme JM, Erlich AT, Phukan G, Hood DA. Exercise and mitochondrial health. J Physiol. 2021;599(3):803–817. doi:10.1113/jp278853