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Dergiler / Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 37 Sayı: 1

Fotoperiyot Değişikliklerinin Neden Olduğu Stresin Lökogram, Oksidatif Durum ve Kortizol Üzerindeki Etkileri: C Vitamininin Koruyucu Rolü

Effects of the Photoperiod Changes Induced Stress on Leukogram, Oxidative Status, and Cortisol: The Protective Role of Vitamin C

Elmas Ulutaş(YOZGAT BOZOK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-5552-3939
Gökhan Koçak(YOZGAT BOZOK UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-5223-2258
Burhan Toprak(YOZGAT BOZOK UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-1082-4559
Sayfa
9–16
Yayın Tarihi
2026-07-13
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Sonuç olarak, fotoperiyot kaynaklı stresin organizmada özellikle immün hücre dağılımı ve redoks dengesi üzerinde seçici etkiler oluşturduğu; C vitamininin ise oksidatif stresi azaltarak koruyucu bir rol oynadığı ortaya konmuştur.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Bu çalışmada, ratlarda fotoperiyot değişikliği ile oluşturulan deneysel stres modelinde hipotalamus-hipofiz-adrenal (HPA) ekseni aktivasyonu, stres lökogramı ve oksidatif denge arasındaki ilişkinin birlikte değerlendirilmesi ve C vitamini uygulamasının bu parametreler üzerindeki olası koruyucu etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Çalışmada 42 adet Wistar Albino erkek rat kullanıldı.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Sonuç olarak, fotoperiyot kaynaklı stresin organizmada özellikle immün hücre dağılımı ve redoks dengesi üzerinde seçici etkiler oluşturduğu; C vitamininin ise oksidatif stresi azaltarak koruyucu bir rol oynadığı ortaya konmuştur.
🔬Tür:Modelleme & Sayısal Simülasyon
📍Kapsam:42 adet
⚙️Değişkenler:Kortizol · Hematoloji · Oksidatif statü

Özet

Bu çalışmada, ratlarda fotoperiyot değişikliği ile oluşturulan deneysel stres modelinde hipotalamus-hipofiz-adrenal (HPA) ekseni aktivasyonu, stres lökogramı ve oksidatif denge arasındaki ilişkinin birlikte değerlendirilmesi ve C vitamini uygulamasının bu parametreler üzerindeki olası koruyucu etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 42 adet Wistar Albino erkek rat kullanıldı. Hayvanlar, 14 gün boyunca üç farklı fotoperiyot rejimine (12L/12D Normal, 18D/6L Karanlık, 18L/6D Aydınlık) maruz bırakıldı. Her ana grup kendi içinde fizyolojik tuzlu su (FTS) ve C vitamini (150 mg/kg, i.m.) alt gruplarına ayrıldı. Süreç sonunda elde edilen kan örneklerinde lökosit formülü, serum kortizol, C vitamini, Total Antioksidan Statü (TAS), Total Oksidan Statü (TOS) ve Oksidatif Stres İndeksi (OSİ) analiz edildi. Fotoperiyot değişimleri lenfosit (p 0.05). Oksidatif denge parametrelerinden TAS (p 0.05). C vitamini uygulaması TAS düzeyini artırırken (p 0.05). Sonuç olarak, fotoperiyot kaynaklı stresin organizmada özellikle immün hücre dağılımı ve redoks dengesi üzerinde seçici etkiler oluşturduğu; C vitamininin ise oksidatif stresi azaltarak koruyucu bir rol oynadığı ortaya konmuştur.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, the stress leukogram, and oxidative balance in an experimental stress model induced by photoperiod changes in rats, and to investigate the potential protective effects of vitamin C administration on these parameters. A total of 42 male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. The animals were exposed to three different photoperiod regimens (12L/12D Normal, 18D/6L Dark, 18L/6D Light) for 14 days. Each main group was further divided into physiological saline (FTS) and vitamin C (150 mg/kg, i.m.) subgroups. At the end of the study, blood samples were analyzed for leukocyte differential count, serum cortisol, vitamin C, Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI). Changes in photoperiod led to significant differences in lymphocyte (p 0.05). Among the oxidative balance parameters, TAS (p 0.05). Vitamin C administration increased TAS levels (p 0.05). In conclusion, it was demonstrated that photoperiod-induced stress exerts selective effects on the organism, particularly regarding immune cell distribution and redox balance, while vitamin C plays a protective role by reducing oxidative stress.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Ulutaş, E., Koçak, G., Toprak, B. (2026). Fotoperiyot Değişikliklerinin Neden Olduğu Stresin Lökogram, Oksidatif Durum ve Kortizol Üzerindeki Etkileri: C Vitamininin Koruyucu Rolü. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 1, 9–16. https://doi.org/10.35864/evmd.1919407

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Kaynakça (68)

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  44. Davis AK, Maney DL, Maerz JC. (2008) The use of leukocyte profiles to measure stress in vertebrates: a review for ecologists. Funct. Ecol. 22(5), 760–772.
  45. Dhabhar FS. (2002) Stress-induced augmentation of immune function—the role of stress hormones, leukocyte trafficking, and cytokines. Brain. Behav. Immun. 16(6), 785–798.
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  48. Divyashree S, Sarjan HN, Yajurvedi HN. (2016) Effects of long-term chronic stress on the lymphoid organs and blood leukocytes of the rat (Rattus norvegicus). Can. J. Zool. 94(2), 137–143.
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  50. Đurašević SF, Đorđević J, Drenca T, Jasnić N, Cvijić G. (2008) Influence of vitamin C supplementation on the oxidative status of rat liver. Arch. Biol. Sci. 60(2), 169–173.
  51. Erel O. (2004) A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin. Biochem. 37(4), 277–285.
  52. Erel O. (2005) A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin. Biochem. 38(12), 1103–1111.
  53. Gencer Y, Çınar DA, Comba B. (2015) Stresin ratlarda bazı karaciğer enzimleri (AST, ALT, ALP) üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Vet. Bilim. Derg. 10(1), 21–26.
  54. Hernandez ME, Martinez-Mota L, Salinas C, Marquez-Velasco R, Hernandez-Chan NG, Morales-Montor J, Pérez-Tapia M, Streber ML, Granados-Camacho I, Becerril E. (2013) Chronic stress induces structural alterations in splenic lymphoid tissue that are associated with changes in corticosterone levels in Wistar‐Kyoto rats. Biomed Res. Int. 2013(1), 868742.
  55. Huang T, Ruoff P, Fjelldal PG. (2010) Diurnal expression of clock genes in pineal gland and brain and plasma levels of melatonin and cortisol in Atlantic salmon parr and smolts. Chronobiol. Int. 27(9–10), 1697–1714. Konuk T. (1981) Pratik fizyoloji. Ankara Üniversitesi Vet. Fakültesi Yayınları. 314, 66–68.
  56. Kurhaluk N, Tkachenko H, Lukash O. (2021) Photoperiod-induced alterations in biomarkers of oxidative stress and biochemical pathways in rats of different ages: Focus on individual physiological reactivity. Chronobiol. Int. 38(12), 1673–1691.
  57. Lavoisier FT, Julius AN, Landri TF, Bertin VN, Martine TA, Séverin F, Brice M, Boris TM, Augustave K. (2023) Light exposure impairs hematological characteristics and oxidative stress markers in male African giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus) reared in captivity. Comp. Clin. Path. 32(6), 957–961.
  58. Łuczaj W, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. (2017) Antioxidants and HNE in redox homeostasis. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 111, 87–101.
  59. Mentese A, Alemdar NT, Livaoglu A, Ayazoglu Demir E, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S. (2022) Suppression of cisplatin-induced ovarian injury in rats by chrysin: an experimental study. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. (Lahore). 42(8), 3584–3590.
  60. Moghimian M, Azin S, Alavi–Kakhki SS, Kourosh-Arami M, Gholami M, Beheshti F, Fani M. (2023) Preventive impacts of vitamin C on memory damage caused by unpredictable chronic mild stress in relation to biochemical parameters in the hippocampus of male rats. Nutr. Neurosci. 26(12), 1222–1231.
  61. Moustafa A. (2021) Chronic exposure to continuous brightness or darkness modulates immune responses and ameliorates the antioxidant enzyme system in male rats. Front. Vet. Sci. 8, 621188.
  62. Nelson RJ, Denlinger DL, Somers DE. (2010) Photoperiodism: the biological calendar. Oxford University Press. Okuliarova M, Mazgutova N, Majzunova M, Rumanova VS, Zeman M. (2021) Dim light at night impairs daily variation of circulating immune cells and renal immune homeostasis. Front. Immunol. 11, 614960.
  63. Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Man AMES, Waard MC de. (2014) Vitamin C revisited. Crit. Care. 18, 1–13. Prendergast BJ, Kampf-Lassin A, Yee JR, Galang J, McMaster N, Kay LM. (2007) Winter day lengths enhance T lymphocyte phenotypes, inhibit cytokine responses, and attenuate behavioral symptoms of infection in laboratory rats. Brain. Behav. Immun. 21(8), 1096–1108.
  64. Reiter RJ, Mayo JC, Tan D, Sainz RM, Alatorre‐Jimenez M, Qin L. (2016) Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. J. Pineal Res. 61(3), 253–278.
  65. Salami SA, Salahdeen HM, Moronkola OT, Murtala BA, Raji Y. (2020) Vitamin C supplementation during chronic variable stress exposure modulates contractile functions of testicular artery and sperm parameters in male Wistar rats. Middle East Fertil. Soc. J. 25, 1–10.
  66. Subash S, Subramanian P, Sivaperumal R, Manivasagam T, Essa MM. (2006) Constant light influences the circadian oscillations of circulatory lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and some biochemical variables in rats. Biol. Rhythm Res. 37(6), 471–477.
  67. Swan MP, Hickman DL. (2014) Evaluation of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a measure of distress in rats. Lab Anim. (NY). 43(8), 276–282.
  68. Tsigos C, Chrousos GP. (2002) Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, neuroendocrine factors and stress. J. Psychosom. Res. 53(4), 865–871.