KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 16 Sayı: 31

İNOVASYON YETENEKLERİNİN KOBİ’LERİN REKABET AVANTAJI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ, TEKNOLOJİ TÜRBÜLANSININ DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ

THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION CAPABILITIES ON THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF SMEs: MODERATING ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY TURBULENCE

Ozan Kalaycıoğlu(KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-7593-9835
Sayfa
1–26
Yayın Tarihi
2026-06-29
DOI
—
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Teknoloji türbülansının ise artımlı ürün inovasyonu yeteneği ile maliyet-ürün avantajı arasındaki ilişkiler üzerinde pozitif düzenleyici etkisi tespit edilmiştir.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Günümüzde artan rekabetle birlikte uluslararası pazarlarda rekabet avantajı sağlamak için firmaların inovasyonel yetenekleri her geçen gün daha da önemli hale gelmektedir.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:Bu çerçevede, bu çalışmada KOBİ niteliğindeki ihracatçı firmaların artımlı ürün ve süreç inovasyonu yeteneklerinin yurt dışı pazarlardaki maliyet ve ürün avantajına etkileri araştırılmaktadır.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Teknoloji türbülansının ise artımlı ürün inovasyonu yeteneği ile maliyet-ürün avantajı arasındaki ilişkiler üzerinde pozitif düzenleyici etkisi tespit edilmiştir.
🔬Tür:Uygulamalı Anket & Alan Araştırması
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:İnovasyon Yetenekleri · Rekabet Avantajı · Teknoloji Türbülansı

Özet

Günümüzde artan rekabetle birlikte uluslararası pazarlarda rekabet avantajı sağlamak için firmaların inovasyonel yetenekleri her geçen gün daha da önemli hale gelmektedir. Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmeler (KOBİ) ise kısıtlı kaynakları nedeniyle radikal yeniliklerden çok, küçük iyileştirmeler yoluyla inovasyon yapma eğilimindedirler. Bu çerçevede, bu çalışmada KOBİ niteliğindeki ihracatçı firmaların artımlı ürün ve süreç inovasyonu yeteneklerinin yurt dışı pazarlardaki maliyet ve ürün avantajına etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Ayrıca, teknoloji türbülansının bu ilişkideki düzenleyici etkileri incelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yerleşik 142 ihracatçı firma ile anket yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilen araştırma neticesinde, artımlı ürün inovasyonu ile süreç inovasyonu yeteneklerinin firmaların maliyet ve ürün avantajıyla pozitif ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Teknoloji türbülansının ise artımlı ürün inovasyonu yeteneği ile maliyet-ürün avantajı arasındaki ilişkiler üzerinde pozitif düzenleyici etkisi tespit edilmiştir.

Abstract

With increasing competition today, innovative capabilities of firms are becoming more important for gaining competitive advantage in international markets. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), due to their limited resources, tend to innovate through minor improvements rather than radical innovations. In this context, in this study the effects of incremental product and process innovation capabilities of exporting SMEs on cost and product advantage in foreign markets was examined. Furthermore, moderating effects of technological turbulence on these relationships was examined. As a result of research conducted using a survey method with 142 exporting firms located in the East Black Sea Region of Türkiye, it was determined that incremental product innovation capability and process innovation capability positively related to firms' cost and product advantage. The findings further indicate that technological turbulence strengthens the positive relationship between incremental product innovation capability and cost–product advantage.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Kalaycıoğlu, O. (2026). İNOVASYON YETENEKLERİNİN KOBİ’LERİN REKABET AVANTAJI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ, TEKNOLOJİ TÜRBÜLANSININ DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 31, 1–26. https://ajindex.com/articles/1116983

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (91)

  1. Adomako, S., Amankwah‐Amoah, J., & Danquah, J. K. (2022). R&D support, technological turbulence, and SMEs' degree of internationalization: The mediating role of technological capability. Thunderbird International Business Review, 64(3), 251-262.
  2. Akgün, A. E., Keskin, H., Tatoglu, E., Müceldili, B., & Mavuş, A. (2025). Investigating the nexus of environmental turbulence, technological learning, and innovation dynamics: empirical evidence from Turkish manufacturing firms. Quality & Quantity, 1-29.
  3. Al-Khatib, A. W., & Al-Ghanem, E. M. (2022). Radical innovation, incremental innovation, and competitive advantage, the moderating role of technological intensity: evidence from the manufacturing sector in Jordan. European Business Review, 34(3), 344-369.
  4. Atalay, M., Anafarta, N., & Sarvan, F. (2013). The relationship between innovation and firm performance: An empirical evidence from Turkish automotive supplier industry. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 226-235.
  5. Aslan, Y., & Aygün, M. (2019). İnovasyonun firma performansı üzerine etkisi: Bistte imalat sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmalar üzerine bir inceleme. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(6), 91-109.
  6. Ayar, B., & Erdil, T.S. (2018). İnovasyon ve Ar-Ge Faaliyetlerinin İhracat Performansına Etkisi: Türk İşletmeleri Üzerine Algısal Bir Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Öneri Dergisi, 13(49), 45-68.
  7. Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 99-120.
  8. Bazyar, A., Abbasi, M., & Naghdi Khanachah, S. (2026). Investigating the moderating role of technology turbulence and innovation capabilities in servant leadership, knowledge management and frugal innovation. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management. Vol. 17 No. 3 pp. 752–778.
  9. Bogetoft, P., Kroman, L., Smilgins, A., & Sørensen, A. (2024). Innovation strategies and firm performance. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 62(2), 175-196.
  10. Boso, N., Story, V. M., Cadogan, J. W., Micevski, M., & Kadić-Maglajlić, S. (2013). Firm innovativeness and export performance: Environmental, networking, and structural contingencies. Journal of International Marketing, 21(4), 62-87.
  11. Camisón, C., & Villar-López, A. (2014). Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance. Journal of Business Research, 67(1), 2891- 2902.
  12. Canbul, A., & Çemberci, M. (2023). Innovation capability as key to competitive advantage: Relation of product innovation capability, process innovation capability, and firm performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law, 9(1), 134-142.
  13. Cheah, J. H., Memon, M. A., Chuah, F., Ting, H., & Ramayah, T. (2018). Assessing reflective models in marketing research: A comparison between pls and plsc estimates. International Journal of Business & Society, 19 (1).
  14. Chen, X., Xie, H., & Zhou, H. (2024). Incremental versus radical innovation and sustainable competitive advantage: A moderated mediation model. Sustainability, 16(11), 4545.
  15. Cohen J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
  16. Çetin, K., & Gedik, H. (2017). İnovasyon ve İhracat Performansı İlişkisi: Karaman Örneği. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 109-126.
  17. Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 555-590.
  18. Damanpour, F. (2010). An integration of research findings of effects of firm size and market competition on product and process innovations. British Journal of Management, 21(4), 996-1010.
  19. De Leeuw, T., Gilsing, V., & Duysters, G. (2019). Greater adaptivity or greater control? Adaptation of IOR portfolios in response to technological change. Research Policy, 48(6), 1586-1600.
  20. Demirbas, D. (2017). Innovation experience of entrepreneurs of high tech SMEs in Turkey. Journal of Business Economics and Finance, 6(2), 177-190.
  21. Drejer, A., (2002). Towards a model for contingency of management of technology. Technovation, 22 (6), 363–370.
  22. Du, L. (2021). How knowledge affects incremental innovation in SMEs: Knowledge base and knowledge heterogeneity. Journal of General Management, 46(2), 91-102.
  23. Eroğlu, I., & Erda, S. (2017). Türkiye’deki televizyon üreticilerinin inovasyon karakteristikleri üzerine bir inceleme. Tasarım+ Kuram, 13(23), 120-136.
  24. Fornell C, Larcker DF. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research. 18(1), 39- 50.
  25. Francis, D., & Bessant, J. (2005). Targeting innovation and implications for capability development. Technovation, 25(3), 171-183.
  26. Frishammar, J., Kurkkio, M., Abrahamsson, L., & Lichtenthaler, U. (2012). Antecedents and consequences of firms’ process innovation capability: a literature review and a conceptual framework. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 59(4), 519-529.
  27. Garcia, R. & Calantone, R. (2002). A critical look at technological innovation typology and innovativeness terminology: A literature review. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 19, 110−132.
  28. Gligah, B. K., & Zaidin, N. (2023). Nexus of Government Support, Product Innovation Capability, and Organizational Performance of Manufacturing SMES in Ghana. International Journal of Academic Reserach in Economics and Management Sciences, 12(2).
  29. Gongmin Bao, Wen Zhang, Zengrui Xiao & Damian Hine (2020). Slack resources and growth performance: The mediating roles of product and process innovation capabilities, Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, 28:1, 60-76.
  30. Gutiérrez-Broncano, S., Linuesa-Langreo, J., Rubio-Andrés, M., & Sastre-Castillo, M. Á. (2024). Can hybrid strategy improve SME performance? The role of innovation and adaptive capacity. European Journal of Innovation Management, 27(9), 173-197.
  31. Güven, E., & Demirtaş, Ö. (2023). İşletmelerin inovatif performanslarının ihracat performanslarına etkisi: Bir alan çalışması. Journal of Organizational Behavior Review, 5(1), 1-17.
  32. Gyedu, S., Tang, H., Ntarmah, A. H., & Manu, E. K. (2021). The moderating effect of environmental turbulence on the relationship between innovation capability and business performance. International Journal of Innovation Science, 13(4), 456-476.
  33. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook (p. 197). Springer Nature.
  34. Hair, Jr J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
  35. Helvacıoğlu, İ., & Demirkol, İ. (2023). İnovasyon ve İhracat Performansı İlişkisi: Lojistik Performansın Aracı Rolü. The International New Issues in Social Sciences, 11(1), 107-136.
  36. Henseler J, Ringle CM, Sarstedt M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.
  37. Hervas-Oliver, J. L., Sempere-Ripoll, F., & Boronat-Moll, C. (2014). Process innovation strategy in SMEs, organizational innovation and performance: a misleading debate? Small Business Economics, 43(4), 873-886.
  38. Hoonsopon, D., & Ruenrom, G. (2012). The impact of organizational capabilities on the development of radical and incremental product innovation and product innovation performance. Journal of Managerial Issues, 250-276.
  39. Houessou, A. M., Aoudji, A. K., Biaou, G., & Floquet, A. (2023). Tacit knowledge acquisition and incremental innovation capability: Proximity perspective. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(3), 100085.
  40. Hsiao, Y. C., & Hsu, Z. X. (2018). Firm-specific advantages-product innovation capability complementarities and innovation success: A core competency approach. Technology in Society, 55, 78-84.
  41. Huo, B., Wang, B., & Li, Z. (2024). How to deal with technological turbulence for improving innovation performance. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 36(3), 549-562.
  42. Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57(3), 53-70.
  43. Kalaycıoğlu, O. (2023). Açık İnovasyon Stratejisinin Kobi’lerin İnovasyon ve İhracat Performansına Etkileri: İnovasyon İkliminin Düzenleyici Rolü. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 24(2), 193-219.
  44. Kılıç, S. (2015). The Effects of Responsive and Proactive Market Orientations, Product Innovation Capabilities, And Innovativeness on New-Product and Business Performance. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 17(2), 130-155.
  45. Kim, D. Y., Kumar, V., & Kumar, U. (2012). Relationship between quality management practices and innovation. Journal of Operations Management, 30(4), 295-315.
  46. Laforet, S. (2011). A Framework of Organisational Innovation and Outcomes in SMEs, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 17(4), 380-408.
  47. Lawson, B. and Samson, D. (2001). Developing innovation capability in organisations: a dynamic capabilities approach, International Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 05 No. 03, pp. 377-400.
  48. Le, D.V., Le, H.T.T., Pham, TT, & Vo, L. V. (2023). Innovation and SMEs performance: evidence from Vietnam. Applied Economic Analysis, 31(92), 90-108.
  49. Lee, R. P., & Tang, X. (2018). Does it pay to be innovation and imitation oriented? An examination of the antecedents and consequences of innovation and imitation orientations, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 35(1), 11-26.
  50. Lee, R. P., Chen, Q., Kim, D., & Johnson, J. L. (2008). Knowledge transfer between multinational corporations’ headquarters and their subsidiaries: Influences on and implications for new product outcomes, Journal of International Marketing, 16(2), 1–31.
  51. Lin, H. E., McDonough III, E. F., Lin, S. J., & Lin, C. Y. Y. (2013). Managing the exploitation/exploration paradox: The role of a learning capability and innovation ambidexterity, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30(2), 262-278.
  52. Mendoza-Silva, A. (2021). Innovation capability: a systematic literature review, European Journal of Innovation Management, 24(3), 707-734.
  53. Menguc, B., & Auh, S. (2010). Development and return on execution of product innovation capabilities: The role of organizational structure, Industrial Marketing Management, 39(5), 820-831.
  54. Mikalef P. & Krogstie J. (2020). Examining the interplay between big data analytics and contextual factors in driving process innovation capabilities, European Journal of Information Systems, 29:3, 260-287.
  55. Mooi, E., Rudd, J., & de Jong, A. (2020). Process innovation and performance: the role of divergence. European Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 741-760.
  56. Morgan, N. A., Kaleka, A., & Katsikeas, C. S. (2004). Antecedents of export venture performance: A theoretical model and empirical assessment. Journal of Marketing, 68(1), 90-108.
  57. Morgan, N. A., Vorhies, D. W., & Mason, C. H. (2009). Market orientation, marketing capabilities, and firm performance, Strategic Management Journal, 30(8), 909-920.
  58. Mugo, P. C., & Namada, J. M. (2020). Process innovation and competitive advantage in telecommunication companies, International Journal of Business Strategy and Automation (IJBSA), 1(4), 40-55.
  59. Najafi-Tavani, S., Najafi-Tavani, Z., Naudé, P., Oghazi, P., & Zeynaloo, E. (2018). How collaborative innovation networks affect new product performance: Product innovation capability, process innovation capability, and absorptive capacity, Industrial Marketing Management, 73, 193-205.
  60. Namal, M. K., Tufan, C., Köksal, K., & Mert, İ. S. (2023). The effect of market and technological turbulence on innovation performance in nascent enterprises: The moderating role of entrepreneur’s courage. Economics, 17(1), 20220052.
  61. Nwankpa, J. K., Roumani, Y., & Datta, P. (2022). Process innovation in the digital age of business: the role of digital business intensity and knowledge management. Journal of Knowledge Management, 26(5), 1319-1341.
  62. O’Cass, A., & Sok, P. (2014). The role of intellectual resources, product innovation capability, reputational resources and marketing capability combinations in firm growth. International Small Business Journal, 32(8), 996-1018.
  63. Oduro, S., & Nyarku, K. M. (2018). Incremental innovations in Ghanaian SMEs: propensity, types, performance and management challenges. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation, 14(1-2), 10-21.
  64. Penrose, E. (1959). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm, John Wiley, New York
  65. Piercy N.F., Kaleka A., Katsikeas C.S., (1998). Sources of Competitive Advantage In High Performing Exporting Companies, Journal of World Business, 33(4), 378-393.
  66. Piening, E. P., & Salge, T. O. (2015). Understanding the antecedents, contingencies, and performance implications of process innovation: A dynamic capabilities perspective. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(1), 80-97.
  67. Piñera-Salmerón, J., Sanz-Valle, R., & Jiménez-Jiménez, D. (2023). Product and business process innovation, competitive advantage and export performance. Multinational Business Review, 31(4), 545-564.
  68. Pisano, G. (2015). You Need an Innovation Strategy. Harvard Business Review, Vol. 93 No. June, pp. 44-54.
  69. Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.Y. and Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88 No. 5, pp. 879-903.
  70. Prajogo, D. I. (2016). The strategic fit between innovation strategies and business environment in delivering business performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 171, 241-249.
  71. Pratono, A. H. (2022). The strategic innovation under information technological turbulence: the role of organisational resilience in competitive advantage. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 32(3), 475-491.
  72. Quaye, D., & Mensah, I. (2019). Marketing innovation and sustainable competitive advantage of manufacturing SMEs in Ghana. Management Decision, 57(7), 1535-1553.
  73. Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Mitchell, R., & Gudergan, S. P. (2020). Partial least squares structural equation modeling in HRM research. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(12), 1617-1643.
  74. Robertson, C., & Chetty, S. K. (2000). A contingency-based approach to understanding export performance. International Business Review, 9(2), 211-235.
  75. Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Hair, J. F. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling. C. Homburg, M. Klarmann, A.E. Vomberg (Eds), in Handbook of Market Research. Springer. Cham.
  76. Saunila, M. (2020). Innovation capability in SMEs: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 5(4), 260-265.
  77. Sheng, S., Zhou, K. Z., & Li, J. J. (2011). The effects of business and political ties on firm performance: Evidence from China. Journal of Marketing, 75(1), 1-15.
  78. Shmueli, G., Ray, S., Estrada, J. M. V., & Chatla, S. B. (2016). The elephant in the room: Predictive performance of PLS models. Journal of Business Research, 69(10), 4552-4564.
  79. Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J.-H., Ting, H., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for using PLSpredict. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2322–2347.
  80. Slater, S. F., Mohr, J. J., & Sengupta, S. (2014). Radical product innovation capability: Literature review, synthesis, and illustrative research propositions. Journal of product innovation management, 31(3), 552-566.
  81. Şahbaz, A., & Tanyeri, M. (2018). Küçük ve orta büyüklükteki işletmelerde inovasyona yönelik tutumlar ve inovasyon engelleri: Çanakkale ilinde KOBİ’ler üzerine bir araştırma. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 233-263.
  82. Ta’Amnha, M. A., Al-Qudah, S., Asad, M., Magableh, I. K., & Riyadh, H. A. (2024). Moderating role of technological turbulence between green product innovation, green process innovation and performance of SMEs. Discover Sustainability, 5(1), 324.
  83. Tushman, M. L., and P. Anderson. (1986). Technological discontinuities and organization environments. Administrative Science Quarterly, 31 (September): 439–65.
  84. Wang, T., Zhao, X., & Wang, X. (2024). Making platform firms’ competitive advantage sustainable: The roles of network orchestration capabilities and collaborative innovation. Journal of Business Research, 183, 114854.
  85. Wu, L., Liu, H., & Zhang, J. (2017). Bricolage effects on new-product development speed and creativity: The moderating role of technological turbulence. Journal of Business Research, 70, 127-135.
  86. Yıldız, B., & Seyhan, M. (2019). Ürün İnovasyon Uygulamalarının Ürün Pazar Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Ürün Kalitesinin Aracı Rolü. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(71), 1409-1428.
  87. Yu Y, Li H, Xu J, Zhang M, Zhang X, Zhang JZ, Wu Y (2023). The effect of internal quality integration on financial performance: the mediating role of product innovation. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, Vol. 34 No. 7 pp. 1235–1255.
  88. Zeithaml, V. A., Varadarajan, P. R., & Zeithaml, C. P. (1988). The contingency approach: its foundations and relevance to theory building and research in marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 22 (7), 37–64.
  89. Zhang, X. (2022). Incremental innovation: Long-term impetus for design business creativity. Sustainability, 14(22), 14697.
  90. Zhou, K. Z., Yim, C. K., & Tse, D. K. (2005). The effects of strategic orientations on technology-and market-based breakthrough innovations. Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 42-60.
  91. Zulu-Chisanga, S., Boso, N., Adeola, O., & Oghazi, P. (2016). Investigating the path from firm innovativeness to financial performance: The roles of new product success, market responsiveness, and environment turbulence. Journal of Small Business Strategy (archive only), 26(1), 51-68.