Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar
AI Insightİlk Mektep” gibi isimlerle de anılan yapı inşa edildiği dönemin mimari üslubunu koruyarak özgün eğitim işlevini devam ettirmekte olup İstanbul’da Eski Saray (Saray-ı Atik) alanındaki Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi eğitim yapılarının ilk örneklerinden olması nedeniyle önemlidir.
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Özet
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun son döneminden itibaren İstanbul’da ilkokul düzeyinde okullaşmada hızlı bir artış gerçekleşmiştir. Özellikle Cumhuriyet ile beraber gerçekleştirilen reformlar çerçevesinde Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından itibaren yeni eğitim sistemine uygun okullar inşa edilmeye başlamıştır. Bu okulların çoğu Maarif Vekaleti tarafından hazırlanan “tip projelere” göre yapılmıştır. Ülkenin birçok şehrinde inşa edilmeye başlanan bu yapılar, son dönem Osmanlı ve erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi mimarlığında etkin olan Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık üslubunda (1908-1930) tasarlanmıştır. Bu yapılardan biri de eski Beyazıt İlkokulu’dur. 1923 yılında inşa edilen yapı Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi ilkokullarına bir örnektir. Bu makalede; günümüzde İstanbul Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Dekanlık binası olarak kullanılan eski Beyazıt İlkokulu’nun tarihi ve mimari özellikleri incelenecektir. Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi tip proje okullarından biri olan yapının cephe özellikleri ve planı bakımından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. “İlk Mektep”, “Beyazıt Zükür İptidai’si (Erkek İlkokul’u)” ve “5. İlk Mektep” gibi isimlerle de anılan yapı inşa edildiği dönemin mimari üslubunu koruyarak özgün eğitim işlevini devam ettirmekte olup İstanbul’da Eski Saray (Saray-ı Atik) alanındaki Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi eğitim yapılarının ilk örneklerinden olması nedeniyle önemlidir.
Abstract
Since the last period of the Ottoman Empire, there has been a rapid increase in schooling at the primary school level in Istanbul. Especially within the framework of the reforms carried out by the Republic, schools began to be built by the new education system from the first years of the Republic. Most of these schools were built according to “type projects” prepared by the Ministry of Education. These buildings, which began to be built in many cities of the country, were designed in the First National Architecture style (1908–1930), which was effective in the architecture of the late Ottoman and early Republican periods. One of these buildings is the old Beyazıt Primary School. The building, constructed in 1923, is an example of an Early Republican primary school. Beyazıt Primary School, which is also known by names such as “First School”, “Beyazıt Zükür İptidai (Male Primary School),” and “Old School”, was named the “5. İlk Mektep” built in the Historical Peninsula when schools began to be numbered during the Republican period. Located in a historical area on the site of Kapıcıbaşı Musa Ağa’s mansion. The architect is unknown. As an educational structure, it has changed hands many times over time. Despite some additions and repairs due to these changes, it maintains its originality without losing its function and architectural details. It generally has a rectangular plan and has two floors above the basement. The rear façade has been pulled back. It is covered with a sloping tile roof. The masonry building, located in a large garden, has a wide, valanced top cover. It reflects the characteristics of the First National Architecture Period with its rectangular plan scheme, symmetrical structure, and facade design. Its entrance is emphasized, especially on the front facade, with the entrance axis projecting forward. A monumental effect was created in the building mass. In this article, the historical and architectural features of the old Beyazıt Primary School, which is currently used as the Istanbul University Faculty of Architecture Dean’s Office building, will be examined. It is aimed at evaluating the building, which is one of the type of project schools of the First National Architecture period, in terms of its facade features and plan. It is important because it is one of the first examples of the educational buildings of the First National Architecture Period in the old Palace area of Istanbul. The building, which still maintains its original educational function within the body of Istanbul University by preserving the architectural style of the period in which it was built, bears witness to the period in which it was built within the historical texture of its surroundings.