Journals / Ermeni Araştırmaları / 2015 / Sayı: 50

(DEVELOPMENTS ON THE ARMENIAN ISSUE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TURKISH INDEPENDENCE WAR THROUGH AMERICAN SOURCES)

AMERİKAN KAYNAKLARINDAN KURTULUŞ SAVAŞI BAŞINDA ERMENİLERLE İLGİLİ GELİŞMELER

Pages
13–86
Publication Date
2015-06-01
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This study alsoexamines the rejection of the mandate by the United States Senate following theAmerican delegations’ findings on the issue which indicated that, contrary toclaims, there were no Turkish cruelty and oppression against Armenians andthat Armenians did not constitute the majority in eastern Anatolia, and therealization by Armenians that they don’t have the support of Western Countriesin the peace talks

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Nationalism which emerged with the French Revolution alsoinfluenced the minorities in the Ottoman Empire.
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Key Findings & Data:Revolts by the Greeks andtheir secession from the Ottoman Empire in 1930 led Armenians to believe thatthey can gain their independence and establish their own nation state.Meanwhile, imperialist countries, which progressed industrially and turnedtowards expansionism and set their eye on the rich lands of the weakeningOttoman Empire, together with the Armenian revolutionary committees, startedto provoke Armenians to rebel against the Ottoman state believing that theywould achieve their goals by dividing the Ottoman people.
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Conclusion & Impact:This study alsoexamines the rejection of the mandate by the United States Senate following theAmerican delegations’ findings on the issue which indicated that, contrary toclaims, there were no Turkish cruelty and oppression against Armenians andthat Armenians did not constitute the majority in eastern Anatolia, and therealization by Armenians that they don’t have the support of Western Countriesin the peace talks
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Ermeni · manda · bağımsızlık

Abstract

Nationalism which emerged with the French Revolution alsoinfluenced the minorities in the Ottoman Empire. Revolts by the Greeks andtheir secession from the Ottoman Empire in 1930 led Armenians to believe thatthey can gain their independence and establish their own nation state.Meanwhile, imperialist countries, which progressed industrially and turnedtowards expansionism and set their eye on the rich lands of the weakeningOttoman Empire, together with the Armenian revolutionary committees, startedto provoke Armenians to rebel against the Ottoman state believing that theywould achieve their goals by dividing the Ottoman people. Armenian revoltsagainst the state turned into bloody clashes between the Turks and Armenians.This hostility between the two nations escalated when the Ottoman Armenianssupported the Allied Powers during the First World War. The OttomanGovernment’s decision to resettle Armenians which took up arms and tried tohit the state from within drew strong reactions. This study which is based onAmerican sources first analyzes the United States’ call for peace following thedefeat of the Central Powers through Wilson’s Fourteen Points which promisedsovereignty to the nations on territories where they constitute the majority andrejected colonialism when the US – the power which ended the war – saw thatthey were excluded from the talks where the Allied Powers were sharingOttoman territories among themselves. Secondly, it analyzes the efforts by theAllied Powers, which were determined to look out for their best interests, toestablish an Armenian State in Anatolia and convince the US for an Americanmandate over Armenia along with Turkish territories, in order to reach theirgoals in the peace conference without antagonizing the US. This study alsoexamines the rejection of the mandate by the United States Senate following theAmerican delegations’ findings on the issue which indicated that, contrary toclaims, there were no Turkish cruelty and oppression against Armenians andthat Armenians did not constitute the majority in eastern Anatolia, and therealization by Armenians that they don’t have the support of Western Countriesin the peace talks

Özet

Fransız İhtilaliyle gelen milliyetçilik akımı, Osmalı İmparatorluğu’nunazınlıklarını da etkiledi. Yunanlıların devlete karşı ayaklanıp 1830’daİmparatorluktan ayrılması, Ermenilere de bağımsızlık kazanıp kendi ulusdevletlerini kurabileceklerini düşündürdü. Bu ara endüstride ilerleyipyayılmacılığa yönelen ve zayıflamakta olduğunu gördükleri OsmanlıDevleti’nin verimli topraklarına göz diken emperyalist devletler de Osmanlıhalklarını bölüp yönetime karşı örgütleyerek emellerine hızla ulaşacaklarınıdüşünerek Ermeni ihtilal Komiteleri ile birlikte Ermenileri devlete karşıkışkırtmaya başladılar. Ermenilerin bağımsızlık için devlete karşıayaklanmaları kanlı Türk-Ermeni çarpışmalarına dönüştü. İki ulusarasında böylece başlayan düşmanlık, dünya savaşı yıllarında OsmanlıErmenileri’nin İtilaf Devletleri’ne destek vermesiyle iyice tırmandı.Hükümetin, silahlanarak devleti içten vurmaya kalkışan Ermenileri biryasayla yaşadıkları bölgelerden uzaklaştırmasıysa büyük tepkiler doğurdu.Amerikan kaynaklarına dayanarak yapılan bu araştırmada önce DünyaSavaşı Osmanlıyı da içeren İttifak Blokunun yenilgisiyle sona erdiğindesavaşı bitiren güç olan Amerika’nın savaş süresince İtilaf devletlerininOsmanlı topraklarını aralarında paylaşırken Amerika’yı dışladığınıgörünce uluslara çoğunluk oldukları topraklarda egemenlik sözü veripsömürgeciliği reddeden Wilson İlkeleri etrafında barışa çağırması,ardından çıkar alanlarını korumaya kararlı İtilaf Devletlerinin Amerika’yıkarşılarına almadan barış konferansında amaçlarına varmak içinAnadolu’da Ermeni devleti kurulması ve bu ülkenin Türk toprakları ilebirlikte Amerikan Mandası yapılmasına ikna etmeye çalışmaları elealınmaktadır. Amerika’nın heyetler göndererek bu yönde yaptığı saptamalarsonunda Türklerin öne sürüldüğü gibi Ermenilere zulüm ve baskıuygulamadığının, ayrıca doğu Anadoluda çoğunlukta olmadıklarısaptanınca Amerikan Kongresinin öneriyi reddetmesi, Ermenilerinse barışgörüşmelerinde batı devletlerinin desteğine sahip olmadıklarını anlamalarıincelenmektedir

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Cite This Article

AKGÜN, S. K. (2015). (DEVELOPMENTS ON THE ARMENIAN ISSUE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TURKISH INDEPENDENCE WAR THROUGH AMERICAN SOURCES). Ermeni Araştırmaları, Sayı: 50, 13–86. https://ajindex.com/articles/77869

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