Journals / Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine / 2022 / Cilt: 41 - Sayı: 1

Variation of the calpain 1 p.Ala316Gly genotypes in Turkish Grey Steppe and Anatolian Black bulls

Boz ve Yerli Kara Irkı Sığırlarda Kalpain 1 p.Ala316Gly Genotiplerine Ait Genetik Varyasyonun Değerlendirilmesi

Pages
55–61
Publication Date
2022-07-26
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Molecular genetic studies on native breeds should be encouraged to reveal broader perspectives regarding significant biological processes and to achieve a better understanding of complex traits such as growth, muscle development, and feed efficiency.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Calpain 1 (CAPN1) gene is known as the micromolar calcium-activated neutral protease gene and it degrades calcium-dependent cysteine protease, μ-calpain, which reduces myofibrillar proteins in postmortem conditions.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Therefore, the present study aimed at determining the genetic variability of the CAPN1 p.Ala316Gly polymorphism in some Turkish native cattle breeds.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Molecular genetic studies on native breeds should be encouraged to reveal broader perspectives regarding significant biological processes and to achieve a better understanding of complex traits such as growth, muscle development, and feed efficiency.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Boz ırk · Yerli Kara · CAPN1

Abstract

Calpain 1 (CAPN1) gene is known as the micromolar calcium-activated neutral protease gene and it degrades calcium-dependent cysteine protease, μ-calpain, which reduces myofibrillar proteins in postmortem conditions. This gene has important effects on muscle metabolism and development. Although this gene has been widely studied among various cattle breeds, there is limited information on Turkish native cattle. Therefore, the present study aimed at determining the genetic variability of the CAPN1 p.Ala316Gly polymorphism in some Turkish native cattle breeds. In this respect, 99 Turkish Grey Steppe and 41 Anatolian Black bulls were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP. The genotypic and allelic frequencies, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), the population genetic parameters including gene heterozygosity (He), the polymorphism information content (PIC), the effective allele numbers (Ne), the fixation index (Fıs), and the level of possible variability realization (%V) were evaluated in this study. Moreover, biodiversity indexes including the Shannon-Weaver diversity index, Simpson's dominance index, and Gini coefficient were calculated. Results revealed that the GG genotype was remarkably predominant in both native breeds. On the other hand, it was observed that the CC genotype was absent in the total population. This resulted in notably low C allele frequency (0.13 and 0.12 in Turkish Grey Steppe and Anatolian Black, respectively). The Fisher’s exact test showed a deviation from HWE and population genetics parameters indicated remarkably low genetic variabilities in the studied breeds. This observation was supported by the low levels of biodiversity. Taken together, the CAPN1 marker showed low informativeness in Turkish Grey Steppe and Anatolian Black cattle but further analyzes are needed for the genetic characterization of the native cattle breeds in Turkey. Molecular genetic studies on native breeds should be encouraged to reveal broader perspectives regarding significant biological processes and to achieve a better understanding of complex traits such as growth, muscle development, and feed efficiency.

Özet

Kalpain 1 (CAPN1) geni, mikromolar kalsiyum–aktive nötral proteaz geni olarak bilinir ve postmortem koşullarda miyofibriler proteinleri indirgeyen kalsiyum bağımlı sistein proteazı, μ-kalpaini ayrıştırır. Bu genin kas metabolizması ve gelişimi üzerinde önemli etkileri vardır. Bu gen, çeşitli sığır ırkları arasında geniş çapta çalışılmış olmasına rağmen, Türk yerli sığırları hakkında sınırlı bilgi bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, bazı Türk yerli sığır ırklarında CAPN1 p.Ala316Gly polimorfizmine ait genetik varyasyonu belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu kapsamda 99 Boz ve 41 Yerli Kara ırkı erkek sığır PCR-RFLP metodu kullanılarak genotiplendirilmiştir. Genotipik ve alelik frekanslar, Hardy-Weinberg dengesi (HWE), heterozigotluk (He), polimorfizm bilgi içeriği (PIC), efektif alel sayısı (Ne), fiksasyon indeksi (Fıs), olası varyasyon gerçekleşme düzeyi (%V) dahil olmak üzere popülasyon genetik parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca Shannon-Weaver indeksi, Simpson dominantlık indeksi ve Gini katsayısını içeren biyoçeşitlilik indeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, GG genotipinin her iki yerli ırkta da oldukça baskın olduğunu ortaya koydu. Öte yandan, toplam popülasyonda CC genotipinin bulunmadığı gözlenmiştir. Bu durum dikkate değer düzeyde düşük C allel frekansıyla sonuçlanmıştır (Boz ve Yerli Kara için sırasıyla 0.13 ve 0.12). Fisher’ın kesin testi, HWE’den sapma oldğunu, popülasyon genetiği parametreleri ise, incelenen ırklarda oldukça düşük bir genetik varyasyon düzeyi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu gözlem, düşük seviyedeki biyolojik çeşitlilik seviyeleri ile desteklenmiştir. Nitekim CAPN1 markörü, Boz ve Yerli Kara sığırları için düşük seviyede bilgilendiricilik göstermiştir ancak Türkiye’deki yerli sığır ırklarının genetik karakterizasyonu hakkında ileride yapılacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Yerli ırklarda yapılacak moleküler genetik çalışmalar, önemli biyolojik süreçlerle ilgili daha geniş perspektifleri ortaya koymak ve büyüme, kas gelişimi ve yem verimliliği gibi kompleks özelliklerin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamak için teşvik edilmelidir.

🔖

Cite This Article

ARDICLI, S., ÇOBANOĞLU, Ö. (2022). Variation of the calpain 1 p.Ala316Gly genotypes in Turkish Grey Steppe and Anatolian Black bulls. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, Cilt: 41 - Sayı: 1, 55–61. https://ajindex.com/articles/778531

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (15)

  1. Page B, Casas E, Heaton M, et al. Evaluation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CAPN1 for association with meat tenderness in cattle. Journal of Animal Science 2002;80(12):3077-3085
  2. Smith T, Casas E, Rexroad Iii C, Kappes S, Keele J. Bovine CAPN1 maps to a region of BTA29 containing a quantitative trait locus for meat tenderness. Journal of Animal Science 2000;78(10):2589-2594
  3. Ensembl genome browser. 2022 [cited 18.03.2022]; Available from:
  4. Casas E, White S, Riley D, et al. Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes residing on chromosomes 14 and 29 for association with carcass composition traits in Bos indicus cattle. Journal of Animal Science 2005;83(1):13-19
  5. Pintos D, Corva P. Association between molecular markers for beef tenderness and growth traits in Argentinian angus cattle. Animal Genetics 2011;42(3):329-332
  6. Kappes SM, Keele JW, Stone RT, et al. A second-generation linkage map of the bovine genome. Genome Research 1997;7(3):235-249
  7. Solinas-Toldo S, Lengauer C, Fries R. Comparative genome map of human and cattle. Genomics 1995;27(3):489-496
  8. Warner R, Wheeler TL, Ha M, et al. Meat tenderness: Advances in biology, biochemistry, molecular mechanisms and new technologies. Meat Science 185 (2022):108657
  9. White S, Casas E, Wheeler T, et al. A new single nucleotide polymorphism in CAPN1 extends the current tenderness marker test to include cattle of Bos indicus, Bos taurus, and crossbred descent. Journal of Animal Science 2005;83(9):2001-2008
  10. Laben R, Shanks R, Berger P, Freeman A. Factors affecting milk yield and reproductive performance. Journal of Dairy Science 1982;65(6):1004-1015
  11. Green MR, Sambrook J. Isolation of high-molecular-weight DNA from mammalian cells using proteinase K and phenol. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2012. p. 47-48
  12. Falconer DS, Mackay TFC. Introduction to quantitative genetics, Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow, England; 1996
  13. Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. American Journal of Human Genetics 1980;32(3):314-331
  14. Crow JF, Kimura M. Properties of a finite population. An introduction to population genetics theory. Caldwell, New Jersey: The Blackburn Press; 1970. p. 319-365
  15. Nei M, Roychoudhury A. Sampling variances of heterozygosity and genetic