Journals / Türk Yoğun Bakım Dergisi / 2021 / Cilt: 19 - Sayı: 1

Pneumothorax and Subcutaneous Emphysema Evaluation in Patients with COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit

COVID-19 Tanılı Yoğun Bakım Hastalarında Pnömotoraks ve Subkütan Amfizem Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi

Pages
95–101
Publication Date
2022-11-06
DOI
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Smoking is defined as a risk factor in most of these patients; however, increased PNX rates are thought to be related to both COVID-19 pneumonia and parenchymal damage due to cytokine storms

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Pneumothorax (PNX) and subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) have increased in importance as a frequently occurring complication.
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Key Findings & Data:This study aimed to reveal the frequency, timing, and possible risk factors in patients with PNX and SCE who are followed up with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis in our tertiary intensive care unit (ICU).
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Conclusion & Impact:Smoking is defined as a risk factor in most of these patients; however, increased PNX rates are thought to be related to both COVID-19 pneumonia and parenchymal damage due to cytokine storms
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2019 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: Pneumothorax (PNX) and subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) have increased in importance as a frequently occurring complication. This study aimed to reveal the frequency, timing, and possible risk factors in patients with PNX and SCE who are followed up with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis in our tertiary intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: All patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were followed up and treated in our unit between August 8, 2020, and February 20, 2021, in a 16-bed tertiary ICU and who developed PNX and SCE during their hospitalization were included. Results: PNX and SCE developed in 16 (9.6%) of 165 patients who were followed up in our ICU due to COVID-19. Of these 16 patients, 3 (18.8%) survived. The median age of patients was 66.5 years (interquartile range: 58.5-75.5). Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity in patients with PNX and SCE. Additionally, 12 (75%) patients had a smoking history. Of 15 (93.8%) patients who developed PNX, 4 (25%) were bilateral, and SCE developed in 9 (56.3%) patients. Twelve (75%) patients with PNX and SCE were under invasive mechanical ventilation, 3 (18.8%) under spontaneous breathing, and 1 (6.2%) under non-invasive mechanical ventilation treatment. The number of oxygen support days until the time PNX and SCE developed was 9 (6.25-17) days in the whole group, the median time was 6 days in the survival group and 9 days in the non-survival group. Conclusion: In the COVID-19 pandemic, complications, such as PNX and SCE, are more frequently observed (9.5%) than in the general intensive care population and the later period of intensive care admission (median 9 days). Smoking is defined as a risk factor in most of these patients; however, increased PNX rates are thought to be related to both COVID-19 pneumonia and parenchymal damage due to cytokine storms

Özet

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) ile takipli yoğun bakım hastalarında pnömotoraks (PNX)/deri altı amfizem (SCE) pandeminin ilk zamanlarında yapılan tanımlamaların aksine sık ortaya çıkan bir komplikasyon olarak önemini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile 3. düzey yoğun bakım ünitemizde (YBÜ) COVID-19 tanısı ile takip edilen PNX/SCE olgularının sıklığını, zamanlamasını ve olası risk faktörlerini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: On altı yataklı 3. düzey YBÜ’de, 28 Ağustos 2020 ve 20 Şubat 2021 arasında ünitemizde takip ve tedavi edilmiş tüm teyitli COVID-19 hastalarından, yatışları sırasında PNX ve SCE gelişen olgular dahil edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hedef tarih aralığında YBÜ’de COVID-19 nedeni ile 165 hasta takip edilmiş olup bu hastaların 16’sında (%9,6) PNX/SCE gelişmiştir. Bu 16 hastanın 4’ü (%25) sağ kalmıştır. Hastaların medyan yaşı 66,5 (çeyrekler açıklığı: 58,5-75,5) idi. PNX/SCE gelişen hastalarda en sık komorbidite diabetes mellitus olarak tespit edildi. Hastaların 12’sinin (%75) sigara kullanım öyküsü mevcuttu. PNX gelişen 15 (%93,8) hastanın 4’ü (%25) bilateraldi. SCE ise 9 (%56,3) hastada gelişti. PNX/ SCE saptanan 12 (%75) hasta invazif mekanik ventilasyon tedavisi altındayken, 3 (%18,8) hasta spontan solunumda, 1 (%6,2) hasta non-invazif mekanik ventilasyon tedavisi altındaydı. PNX/SCE geliştiği ana kadar oksijen desteği verilen gün sayısı tüm grupta 9 (6,25-17) gün iken, sağkalan grupta medyan değer 6 gün, ölen grupta 9 gün idi. Oksijen destek gün süresi ölen grupta yüksek olsa da istatistiksel anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p=0,439). Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisinde PNX/SCE gibi komplikasyonlar uzun süreli oksijen desteğini takiben genel yoğun bakım popülasyonundan daha sık (%9,5) ve yoğun bakım yatışının daha geç döneminde (medyan 9 gün) gözlenmektedir. Bu hastaların çoğunda bir risk faktörü olarak sigara tanımlansa da PNX oranlarındaki bu artışın hem COVID-19 pnömonisi hem de sitokin fırtınasına bağlı oluşan parankimal hasar ile ilgili olduğunu düşünüyoruz.

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Cite This Article

KÜÇÜK, M. P., BÜLBÜL, Y., ÖZLÜ, T., KÜÇÜK, A. O., ÖZTUNA, F., AYÇİÇEK, O., GÜNGÖR, B. Ö., TÜRKYILMAZ, A. (2022). Pneumothorax and Subcutaneous Emphysema Evaluation in Patients with COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit. Türk Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, Cilt: 19 - Sayı: 1, 95–101. https://ajindex.com/articles/643423

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