Journals / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi / 2015 / Cilt: 43 - Sayı: 3

Use of Vaptans in treatment of hyponatremia

Hiponatremi tedavisinde Vaptan kullanımı

Pages
292–301
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

We also briefly review cornerstone studies in the literature regarding vaptans, and the correct indications, contraindications and cautions in the use of tolvaptan and conivaptan , two approved vaptans for this indication.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Summary Hyponatremia is the most prevalent electrolyte imbalance, and may be present in up to 30% of hospitalized patients.
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Key Findings & Data:Arginine-vasopressin, which has cardiovascular effects and plays a role in water metabolism, is released from the posterior hypothalamus in response to an increase in plasma osmolality or a drop in the blood pressure, which are detected by osmoreceptors and baroreceptors respectively.
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Conclusion & Impact:We also briefly review cornerstone studies in the literature regarding vaptans, and the correct indications, contraindications and cautions in the use of tolvaptan and conivaptan , two approved vaptans for this indication.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Summary Hyponatremia is the most prevalent electrolyte imbalance, and may be present in up to 30% of hospitalized patients. It is an important predictor of in-hospital mortality. Irrespective of the reason underlying hyponatremia, water metabolism plays an important role. Arginine-vasopressin, which has cardiovascular effects and plays a role in water metabolism, is released from the posterior hypothalamus in response to an increase in plasma osmolality or a drop in the blood pressure, which are detected by osmoreceptors and baroreceptors respectively. Arginine-vasopressin has receptors located on vascular smooth muscle cells, the heart (V1a), the collecting ducts of the renal medulla (V2), the anterior pituitary gland (V1b) and many other organs. Arginine-vasopressin antagonists, known as vaptans , have recently attracted attention for the treatment of chronic hypotonic hyponatremia. In this review, we focus on the diagnosis and classification of hyponatremia, current trends in its treatment in the light of guidelines, and the rationale of using vaptans in treating hyponatremia. We also briefly review cornerstone studies in the literature regarding vaptans, and the correct indications, contraindications and cautions in the use of tolvaptan and conivaptan , two approved vaptans for this indication.

Özet

Hastane içi mortalitenin önemli bir öngördürücüsü olan hiponatremi, klinik pratikte en sık karşılaştığımız elektrolit bozukluğu olup, yatan hastalarda %30a kadar çıkabilen oranlarda rastlanabilmektedir. Hiponatremi gelişiminde altta yatan sebep her ne olursa olsun su metabolizması önem taşımaktadır. Su metabolizmasında ve kardiyovasküler sistem üzerinde etkileri olan arginin-vazopressin (AVP), plazma ozmolalitesinde yükselme veya kan basıncındaki düşmenin ozmoreseptörler veya baroreseptörlerce tespit edilmesi üzerine arka hipotalamustan salgılanan bir hormondur. Arginin-vazopressin reseptörleri, damar düz kas hücreleri (V1a), kalp (V1a), böbrek medullası toplama kanalları (V2), ön hipofiz (V1b) ve başka pekçok organda bulunmaktadır. Son dönemde kronik hipotonik hiponatremi tedavisinde vaptanlar olarak bilinen AVP reseptör antagonistleri klinik pratiğe girmektedir. Bu derlemede hiponatremi tanısı ve sınıflaması, tedavisinde kılavuzlar ışığında güncel yaklaşımlar, hiponatremi tedavisinde vaptan kullanımının dayanağı ve bu konuda literatürde mihenk taşı olan çalışmalar irdelenmektedir. Ayrıca hiponatremi tedavisinde onay almış olan iki vaptan; tolvaptan ve conivaptan ın doğru kullanım endikasyonları, kontrendikasyonları ve bu grup ilaçların kullanımında dikkat edilecek hususlar incelenmiştir.

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Cite This Article

TÖRE, H. F., TANINDI, A. (2022). Use of Vaptans in treatment of hyponatremia. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi, Cilt: 43 - Sayı: 3, 292–301. https://ajindex.com/articles/632698

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