Journals / Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi / 2012 / Cilt: 36 - Sayı: 4

Determination of susceptibility to insecticides and acaricides along with enzymatic characteristics in the different ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) populations

Farklı Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) popülasyonlarının bazı insektisit ve akarisitlere duyarlılıkları ve enzimatik özelliklerinin saptanması

Pages
571–584
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The disparity in susceptibility to these pesticides in the predator populations were due to the responsibility of multiple physiological mechanisms, including elevated CarE, GSTs and P-450 enzymes activities.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:The susceptibilities to insecticides and acaricides, as well as carboxylesterase (CarE), cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) activities were evaluated in a susceptible (SSS) and an unsusceptible strain (RSS) of Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col.: Coccinellidae).
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Key Findings & Data:Synergism studies using S,S,Stributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF), piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) in combination with at a discrimination dose (~LD20) of selected pesticides were also conducted to test for possible physiological mechanisms.
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Conclusion & Impact:The disparity in susceptibility to these pesticides in the predator populations were due to the responsibility of multiple physiological mechanisms, including elevated CarE, GSTs and P-450 enzymes activities.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

The susceptibilities to insecticides and acaricides, as well as carboxylesterase (CarE), cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) activities were evaluated in a susceptible (SSS) and an unsusceptible strain (RSS) of Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col.: Coccinellidae). Synergism studies using S,S,Stributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF), piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) in combination with at a discrimination dose (~LD20) of selected pesticides were also conducted to test for possible physiological mechanisms. In addition, the insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) to the inhibitors, paraoxon and pirimicarb, is also determined. Compared with SSS, tolerance ratios of RSS, as indicated by LC50 values, was calculated 2.1, 11.2, 6.7, 1.7, 1.6 and 2.3-fold, respectively, for abamectin, bifenazate, chlorpyrifos, cyhexatin, hexythiazox and λ-cyhalothrin. Thus, the field collected resistant S. gilvifrons population were tolerant at medium level to four compounds. CarE activity was significantly higher in RSS than in SSS, 1.5-fold for α-naphthyl acetate and 4.3-fold for β- naphthyl acetate. Also significant enhanced GSTs activity were determined in RSS using two substrates, 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene (4.3-fold) and 2,4-dinitro-1-iodobenzene (1.4-fold), compared with SSS. Inhibition kinetics revealed that AchE from RSS was 2.5-fold more insensitive to inhibition by 1mM primicarb than AchE from SSS. The disparity in susceptibility to these pesticides in the predator populations were due to the responsibility of multiple physiological mechanisms, including elevated CarE, GSTs and P-450 enzymes activities.

Özet

Bu çalışmada Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col.:Coccinellidae)un bir hassas (SSS) ve bir de daha az duyarlı (RSS) popülasyonunda bazı insektisitlere ve akarisitlere duyarlılıklarının saptanması yanında, bu popülasyonların duyarlılıklarıyla ilişkili karboksilesteraz (CarE), sitokrom P450 monooksigenaz (P450) and glutatyon S-transferaz (GST) aktiviteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, herbir ilacın bir sublethal ayırıcı dozu (~LD20) ile sinerjist maddeler olan S,S,S-tributilfosforotrithioate (DEF), piperonil butoksit (PBO) ve dietil maleyat (DEM) ile karıştırılarak, muhtemel fizyolojik tolerans mekanizmaları test edilmiştir. Bu popülasyonlarda paraoxon ve pirimicarb inhibitörleri kullanılarak, asetilkolinesteraz (AchE)ın duyarsızlığı saptanmıştır. SSS popülasyonunun LC50 değerleri ile karşılaştırıldığında, RSS popülasyonu abamectin, bifenazate, chlorpyrifos, cyhexatin, hexythiazox ve λ-cyhalothrine sırasıyla 2.1, 11.2, 6.7, 1.7, 1.6 ve 2.3-kat daha az duyarlı bulunmuştur. Sonuçta, S. gilvifronsun dirençli bahçe popülasyonu 4 ilaca orta düzeyde bir duyarlılık kaybı göstermiştir. Substrat ortamı olarak α-naftil asetat ve β- naftil asetat kullanıldığında, CarE aktivitesi RSSde SSSye oranla sırasıyla 1.5 ve 4.3 kat fazla olmuştur. Ayrıca, 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene ve 2,4- dinitro-1-iodobenzene substarları kullanıldığında GSTlerin aktivitesi RSS popülasyonunda önemli olarak sırasıyla 4.3 ve 1.4 kat daha fazla bulunmuştur. İnhibasyon kinetiklerine göre, 1mM primicarb kullanıldığında RSSnin AchEi SSSye göre 2.5 kat daha duyarsız olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, popülasyonların pestisitlere karşı duyarlılık farkları artan CarE, GST ve P-450 enzim aktivitelerini içeren çoklu fizyolojik mekanizmalarından kaynaklanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

KUMRAL, N. A., HEPHIZLI, P. (2022). Determination of susceptibility to insecticides and acaricides along with enzymatic characteristics in the different ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) populations. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 36 - Sayı: 4, 571–584. https://ajindex.com/articles/628199

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