Journals / Türkderm-Deri Hastalıkları ve Frengi Arşivi / 2009 / Cilt: 43 - Sayı: 1

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A retrospective evaluation

Stevens-Johnson sendromu ve toksik epidermal nekroliz: Retrospektif bir değerlendirme

Pages
15–20
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Our treatment results indicate that beside rapid withdrawal of suspected drug short courses of medium-dose corticosteroids may be an effective approach in the management of SJS and TEN patients.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Background and Design: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe drug reactionscharacterized by an extensive skin rash with blisters and exfoliation, accompanied by mucositis.
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Key Findings & Data:Material and Method: A total of 20 consecutive patients with SJS and TEN diagnosed between 2000 and 2008 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.
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Conclusion & Impact:Our treatment results indicate that beside rapid withdrawal of suspected drug short courses of medium-dose corticosteroids may be an effective approach in the management of SJS and TEN patients.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2000 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Background and Design: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe drug reactionscharacterized by an extensive skin rash with blisters and exfoliation, accompanied by mucositis. The aim of this paper was to evaluate demographic and clinical features, prognosis and treatment in our patient group. Material and Method: A total of 20 consecutive patients with SJS and TEN diagnosed between 2000 and 2008 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 20 cases, 3 had SJS (15%), 5 had SJS-TEN overlap (25%) and 12 had TEN (60%). Oral mucosae was the most commonly affected site (%95) which was followed by conjunctivae ( 85%) while all mucosal surfaces were affected in 2 patients. Causative drugs, anticonvulsive drugs (5 cases), sulfasalazine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (6 cases), allopruninol (2 cases), anti-cancer therapy drugs (3 cases), amifostine (1 case) and ampicillin (1 case), were identified in 18 patients. Five of 20 patients died of severe sepsis and irreversible multiple organ failure. The age above 60 years, percentage of epidermal detachment above 70% of body surface area and associated malignancy were found to be statistically correlated with poor prognosis (p=0.035, p=0.005, p=0.015; respectively). Fourteen patients were treated with short courses of medium-dose corticosteroids. An objective response to corticosteroids therapy was observed in all patients and the survival rate was 100%. The mean delay between occurrence of eruption and the withdrawal of suspected drug was 2.2 days and the first dose of corticosteroids was 3.4 days. Conclusion: In our patients, the suspected causative agents were the most frequently implicated high-risk drugs for thedisease. Old age, extensive skin lesions and associated malignancy were found to be correlated with poor prognosis. Our treatment results indicate that beside rapid withdrawal of suspected drug short courses of medium-dose corticosteroids may be an effective approach in the management of SJS and TEN patients.

Özet

Amaç: Stevens-Johnson sendromu (SJS) ve toksik epidermal nekroliz (TEN) deri ve mukozaları tutan, yaygın bül oluşumu ve erozyonlarla karakterize ciddi seyirli ilaç reaksiyonlarıdır. Bu çalışmada, hastanemizde SJS ve TEN tanısıyla izlenen hastaların demografik, klinik özellikleri ve seyirlerinin sunulması ve uyguladığımız tedavi yönteminin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2000-2008 yılları arasında hastanemizde tanısı konan ve tedavi edilen ardışık 20 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların %15’i SJS, %25’i SJS/TEN (geçiş olguları), %60’ı TEN tanısı almıştı. İki olguda oral, oküler, genital, nazal ve anal mukozaların hepsinde tutulum saptanırken ortalama 3 mukozal yüzeyin tutulduğu gözlendi. Konjunktivalar (%85), oral mukozadan (%95) sonra en sık etkilenen mukozal yüzeylerdi. Döküntüden sorumlu olduğu düşünülen ilaçlar 18 olguda saptanabildi, bunlar; sulfasalazin ve non-steroid antiinflamatuar ilaçlar (6 olgu), antikonvülzan ilaçlar (5 olgu), kanser tedavi ilaçları (3 olgu), allopurinol (2 olgu), amifostin (1 olgu) ve ampisilin’di (1 olgu). Yirmi hastanın 5’i sepsis ve çoklu organ yetmezliği nedeniyle kaybedilmişti. Hastalarımızda 60 yaş üzerinde olmanın, vücut yüzey alanının %70’inden fazlasında tutulumun ve eşlik eden malinitenin istatistiksel olarak seyri olumsuz etkilediği saptandı (sırasıyla; p=0,035, p=0,005, p=0,015). On dört hasta kısa süreli orta doz kortikosteroid ile tedavi edildi. Bu tedaviye hastaların tümünde olumlu yanıt alındı ve fatal seyir gözlenmedi. Hastalarda döküntü başlaması ile sorumlu olduğu düşünülen ilacın kesilmesi arasında geçen süre 2,2 gün ve tedaviye başlanması arasındaki süre ortalama 3,4 gündü. Sonuç: Hastalarımızda döküntüden sorumlu olduğunu düşündüğümüz ilaçlar SJS ve TEN gelişmesinde yüksek risk taşıdığı bilinen ilaçlardır ve ileri yaş, yaygın tutulum ve eşlik eden malinite seyri olumsuz etkilemiştir. Sonuçlarımız kısa süreli orta doz kortikosteroid uygulanmasının sorumlu ilacın erken dönemde kesilmesi yanında tamamlayıcı bir tedavi yöntemi olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

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Cite This Article

YILMAZ, E., ALPSOY, E., DİCLE, Ö. (2022). Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A retrospective evaluation. Türkderm-Deri Hastalıkları ve Frengi Arşivi, Cilt: 43 - Sayı: 1, 15–20. https://ajindex.com/articles/622065

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