SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Türk Biyokimya Dergisi / 2019 / Cilt: 44 - Sayı: 3

Proteases from Calotropis gigantea stem, leaf and calli as milk coagulant source

Peynir Mayası kaynağı olarak Calotropis gigantea kök, yaprak ve calli’den elde edilen proteazlar

Malini SOUNDARARAJAN
Anusha RAJAGOPALAN
Bindhu Omana SUKUMARAN
Pages
240–247
Publication Date
2022-11-04
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

However,κ-casein specificity analysis revealed TP leaf to be closelymimicking the performance by Enzeco®.Conclusion: Study suggests CE from TP leaf to be a potentialvegetable coagulant to work as an effective and lowcostmilk clotting mediator in cheese industry.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Background: Universal demand for cheese keeps thesearch for appropriate enzymes from plants mimickinganimal rennet action in scientific focus.Objective: To associate distribution of milk clotting potentialand profile of whole/κ-casein hydrolysis by Calotropisgigantea stem, leaf and respective calli crude enzymes (CE).Materials and methods: Milk clotting activity and indexwere assayed for CE.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Caseinolytic activity (CA) was evaluatedspectrophotometrically. 0.5 CA units of CE andEnzeco® were used for studying whole/κ-casein hydrolysispattern by Tricine SDS-PAGE.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:However,κ-casein specificity analysis revealed TP leaf to be closelymimicking the performance by Enzeco®.Conclusion: Study suggests CE from TP leaf to be a potentialvegetable coagulant to work as an effective and lowcostmilk clotting mediator in cheese industry.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Background: Universal demand for cheese keeps thesearch for appropriate enzymes from plants mimickinganimal rennet action in scientific focus.Objective: To associate distribution of milk clotting potentialand profile of whole/κ-casein hydrolysis by Calotropisgigantea stem, leaf and respective calli crude enzymes (CE).Materials and methods: Milk clotting activity and indexwere assayed for CE. Caseinolytic activity (CA) was evaluatedspectrophotometrically. 0.5 CA units of CE andEnzeco® were used for studying whole/κ-casein hydrolysispattern by Tricine SDS-PAGE. Inhibition studies wereperformed for enzyme characterisation.Results: Traditionally propagated (TP) stem and itscallus CE exhibited high specific milk clotting activity(1297.30 ± 0.2 U/mg of protein and 926.74 ± 44.13 U/mg ofprotein, respectively) and milk clotting index (103.562 ± 1.162and 79.365 ± 4.93, respectively). Comparison of whole caseinhydrolytic pattern by 0.5 CA units of CE revealed closerresemblance between leaf callus and Enzeco®. However,κ-casein specificity analysis revealed TP leaf to be closelymimicking the performance by Enzeco®.Conclusion: Study suggests CE from TP leaf to be a potentialvegetable coagulant to work as an effective and lowcostmilk clotting mediator in cheese industry.

Özet

Amaç: Bilimsel çalışmalar peynire olan evrensel talep nedeniyle bilimsel odakta hayvansal peynir mayasını taklit eden uygun enzimleri bitkilerden aramaya odaklanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, C. gigantea kök, yaprak ve ilgili kültür edilmiş ham enzimler (CE) ile süt pıhtılaşma potansiyelinin dağılımını ve bütün/k-kazein hidrolizinin profilini ilişkilendirmektir. Gereç ve yöntemler: Süt pıhtılaşma aktivitesi ve indeksi CE için denendi. Kazeinolitik aktivite (CA) spektrofotometrik olarak değerlendirildi. Tricine SDS-PAGE ile tüm/k-kazein hidroliz modelini incelemek için 0,5 CA CE ve Enzeco® ünitesi kullanıldı. Enzim karakterizasyonu için inhibisyon çalışmaları yapıldı. Bulgular: Geleneksel olarak yayılan (TP) kök ve onun CE’si yüksek spesifik süt pıhtılaştırma aktivitesi (sırasıyla 1297.30 ± 0.2 U/mg protein ve 926.74 ± 44.13 U/mg protein) ve süt pıhtılaşma indeksi (sırasıyla 103.562 ± 1.162 ve 79.365 ± 4.93) gösterdi. Tüm kazein hidrolitik paterninin 0,5 CA birimiyle karşılaştırılması, yaprak kültürü ve Enzeco® arasında daha yakın benzerlik göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, k-kazein özgüllük analizi, TP yaprağının Enzeco® ile performansı yakından taklit ettiğini ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç: Çalışma, TP yaprağı CE’sinin peynir endüstrisinde süt pıhtılaştırma aracı olarak çalışmak için etkili ve düşük maliyetli potansiyel bir bitkisel pıhtılaştırıcı olduğunu göstermektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

SOUNDARARAJAN, M., RAJAGOPALAN, A., SUKUMARAN, B. O. (2022). Proteases from Calotropis gigantea stem, leaf and calli as milk coagulant source. Türk Biyokimya Dergisi, Cilt: 44 - Sayı: 3, 240–247. https://ajindex.com/articles/620869

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (16)

  1. Jacob M, Jaros D, Rohm H. Recent advances in milk clotting enzymes. Int J Dairy Technol 2011;64:14–33
  2. Sousa MJ, Malcata FX. Advances in the role of a plant coagulant (Cynara cardunculus) in vitro and during ripening of cheeses from several milk species. Le Lait 2002;82:151–70
  3. Adetunji V, Babalobi O. A comparative assessment of the the nutritional contents of ‘wara’ a west African soft cheese using Calotropis procera and Cymbopogon citratus as coagulants. Afr J Food Agric Nutr Dev 2011;11:5573–85
  4. Lopes A, Teixeira G, Liberato M, Pais M, Clemente A. New vegetal sources for milk clotting enzymes. J Mol Catal B: Enzym 1998;5:63–8
  5. Mercer GD. GRAS Notification for Cynzime® Milk Clotting Enzyme Preparation Derived from Cynara cardunculus Flowers. Canada: Fytozimus Biotech, Inc., 2014
  6. Anusha R, Singh MK, Bindhu OS. Characterisation of potential milk coagulants from Calotropis gigantea plant parts and their hydrolytic pattern of bovine casein. Eur Food Res Technol 2014;238:997–1006
  7. Abraham K, Joshi P. Studies on proteinases from Calotropis gigantea latex II. Physico-chemical properties of calotropain-FI and FII. Biochim Biophys Acta 1979;568:120–6
  8. Dubey VK, Jagannadham M. Procerain, a stable cysteine protease from the latex of Calotropis procera. Phytochemistry 2003;62:1057–71
  9. Pal G, Sinha N. Isolation, crystallization, and properties of calotropins DI and DII from Calotropis gigantea. Arch Biochem Biophys 1980;202:321–9
  10. Abbas FM, ElNur EE, Noor NM, Algaali E, Ali ZM, Othman R. An effective protocol for callus induction with milk clotting activity from Solanum dubium seeds. Sains Malaysiana 2011;40:339–43
  11. Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K. Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res 1968;50:151–8
  12. Oseni OA, Ekperigin MM. Partial charaterisation of proteolytic ad milk clotting enzymes in Sodam apple Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br (Asclepiadaceae) plant. Am J Biochem Mol Biol 2013;3:256–63
  13. Ladd J, Butler J. Short-term assays of soil proteolytic enzyme activities using proteins and dipeptide derivatives as substrates. Soil Biol Biochem 1972;4:19–30
  14. Arima K, Yu J, Iwasaki S. Milk-clotting enzyme from Mucor pusillus var. Lindt. Methods Enzymol 1970;19:446–59
  15. Bruno MA, Lazza CM, Errasti ME, López LM, Caffini NO, Pardo MF. Milk clotting and proteolytic activity of an enzyme preparation from Bromelia hieronymi fruits. LWT-Food Sci Technol 2010;43:695–701
  16. Schagger H. Trici