Journals / Turkish Journal of Surgery / 2022 / Cilt: 38 - Sayı: 2

Short and long term results of anatomical reconstruction of perineal body and sphincter complex in obstetric anal sphincter injuries

Obstetrik anal sfinkter yaralanmalarında perineal yapıların ve sfinkter kompleksinin anatomik rekonstrüksiyonun kısa ve uzun dönem sonuçları

Pages
159–168
Publication Date
2022-11-06
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The overall mean RP and SP were 35 (26-56) mmHg and 67 (31-100) mmHg, respectively.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: The effective way to reduce the risk of fecal incontinence (FI) in primary repaired obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) patients is to accurately detect the injury and provide complete anatomical reconstruction.
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Key Findings & Data:The aim of the study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term results of OASIS cases that were diagnosed by an experienced surgical team and whose perineal body and anal sphincters were reconstructed separately.
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Conclusion & Impact:The overall mean RP and SP were 35 (26-56) mmHg and 67 (31-100) mmHg, respectively.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:2007 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: The effective way to reduce the risk of fecal incontinence (FI) in primary repaired obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) patients is to accurately detect the injury and provide complete anatomical reconstruction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term results of OASIS cases that were diagnosed by an experienced surgical team and whose perineal body and anal sphincters were reconstructed separately. Material and Methods: Sixteen patients that required consultations due to anal sphincter damage during vaginal delivery and underwent anatomical reconstruction due to Grade 3c and Grade 4 sphincter damage between 2007 and 2019 were included in the study. These cases were divided into three groups [Group 1 (≤12 months), Group 2 (12-60 months), Group 3 (≥60 months)] according to the time elapsed until anal manometry, and incontinence questionnaires were conducted in the postoperative period. Recto-anal inhibitory reflex (RAIR), mean resting (IB) and squeezing (SB) pressures were measured by anal manometry. Anal incontinence (AI) and FI rates were determined by questionnaires. Anal sphincter damage repair techniques (overlapping, end-to-end) were determined. These parameters were compared between the three groups. Results: Mean age of the patients was 27.5 (16-35) years. Six (37.5%) patients had Grade 3c, while 10 (62.5%) had Grade 4 injury. The overall mean RP and SP were 35 (26-56) mmHg and 67 (31-100) mmHg, respectively. Mean RP and SP were 46/67 mmHg, 33.5/75.5 mmHg, and 37.5/70.5 mmHg in Groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively. There was no difference between the three groups in terms of mean RP and SP (p= 0.691, p= 0.673). The rate of AI and FI in all patients were 18.75% and 12.5%, respectively while the rate of severe AI incontinence was 6%. Severe AI was observed in 1 (16.7%) case in Group 1, mild AI was observed in 1 (25%) case in group 2, and in 1 (16.7%) case in Group 3. RAIR was positive in all patients. In Group 1, 5 (83.3%) patients underwent overlapping repair, and in Group 3, 6 (100%) patients underwent end-to-end repair. This difference was statistically significant (p= 0.011). Conclusion: In vaginal births, evaluation of anal sphincter damage, determination of perineal body structures and anal sphincters separately and performing anatomical reconstruction when needed significantly reduce the rate of FI in the short and long term.

Özet

Giriş ve Amaç: Primer tamir edilen obstetrik anal sfinkter yaralanması (OASY) hastalarında fekal inkontinans (Fİ) riskini azaltmanın etkili yolu hasarı doğru tespit etmek ve tam anatomik rekonstrüksiyon sağlamaktır. Çalışmanın amacı deneyimli cerrahi ekip tarafından teşhisi yapılan, perineal body ve anal sfinkterlerin ayrı ayrı rekonstrüksiyonu sağlanan OASY olgularının kısa ve uzun dönem sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2007-2019 yılları arasında vajinal doğum sırasında anal sfinkter hasarı tespit edilmiş, konsültasyon istenmiş, Grade 3c ve Grade 4 sfinkter hasarı nedeniyle anatomik rekonstrüksiyon yapılan 16 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu olgular, operasyondan sonra anal manometri ve inkontinas anketleri yapılana kadar geçen süreye göre üç gruba [Grup 1 (≤12 ay), Grup 2 (12-60 ay), Grup 3 (≥60 ay)] ayrıldı. Anal manometri ile rekto-anal inhibitor refleks (RAIR), ortalama istirahat (IB) ve sıkma (SB) basınçları ölçüldü. Anketler ile anal inkontinas (Aİ) ve Fİ oranları belirlendi. Anal sfinkter hasarı onarma teknikleri (overlapping, uç-uca) tespit edildi. Bu parametreler üç grup arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 27,5 (16-35) yıl idi. Hastaların 6’sı (%37,5) Grade 3c, 10’u (%62,5) Grade 4 idi. Genel ortalama İB ve SB sırasıyla 35 (26-56) mmHg ve 67 (31-100) mmHg idi. Gruplarda ortalama İB ve SB sırasıyla; Grup 1’de 46/67 mmHg, Grup 2’de 33,5/75,5 mmHg, Grup 3’te ise 37,5/70,5 mmHg saptandı. Üç grup arasında ortalama İB ve SB açısından fark izlenmedi (p= 0,691, p= 0,673 ). Tüm olgularda Aİ oranı %18,75, Fİ oranı %12,5, şiddetli Aİ inkontinans oranı ise % 6 idi. Grup 1’de 1 (%16,7) olguda şiddetli Aİ, Grup 2’de 1 (%25) olguda hafif düzeyde Aİ ve Grup 3’te ise 1 (%16,7) olguda hafif düzeyde Aİ izlendi. Tüm hastalarda RAIR pozitifti. Grup 1’de 5 (%83,3) hastaya overlapping onarım, Grup 3’te ise 6 (%100) hastaya uç-uca onarım yapıldı. Bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p= 0,011). Sonuç: Vajinal doğumlarda; anal sfinkter hasarının değerlendirilmesi, perineal body yapıların ve anal sfinkterlerin ayrı ayrı belirlenip anatomik rekonstrüksiyonun yapılması kısa ve uzun dönemde fekal inkontinens oranını önemli oranda düşürmektedir.

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Cite This Article

KAYAPINAR, A. K., ÇETİN, D. A., PAKÖZ, Z. B., KARAKOLCU, K., ERTAŞ, İ. E., KAMER, K. E. (2022). Short and long term results of anatomical reconstruction of perineal body and sphincter complex in obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Turkish Journal of Surgery, Cilt: 38 - Sayı: 2, 159–168. https://ajindex.com/articles/614218

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