Journals / Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi / 2022 / Cilt: 59 - Sayı: 2

Depression and Anxiety Disorders in COVID-19 Survivors: Role of Inflammatory Predictors

COVID-19 Geçirenlerde Depresyon ve Anksiyete Bozuklukları: İnflamatuvar Belirteçlerin Rolü

Pages
105–109
Publication Date
2022-10-19
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It is recommended that clinicians should be vigilant in terms of psychiatric involvement in COVID-19 patients presenting with high inflammatory parameters.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Infection-triggered perturbation of the immune system, which was observed after previous coronavirus outbreaks, could induce psychiatric sequelae.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The spreading of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic could be associated with psychiatric implications.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:It is recommended that clinicians should be vigilant in terms of psychiatric involvement in COVID-19 patients presenting with high inflammatory parameters.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Introduction: Infection-triggered perturbation of the immune system, which was observed after previous coronavirus outbreaks, could induce psychiatric sequelae. The spreading of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic could be associated with psychiatric implications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory biomarkers and the levels of depression and anxiety in patients who recovered from COVID-19. Methods: We screened 109 COVID-19 survivor adults for psychiatric symptoms on the 15th day of follow-up after discharge from the hospital. The patients were split into two groups, the ones with depression and anxiety, and the ones without depression or anxiety, after the psychiatric interview. Self-rating Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were applied to assess the levels in patients with depression and anxiety. We collected and recorded the sociodemographic information, clinical data, and baseline inflammatory markers. Results: Higher baseline neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were found in patients with depression and anxiety. Higher levels of depression and anxiety were found in younger and female patients. Besides, a significant correlation was found between BAI and ferritin levels in patients with anxiety, while no association was found between BAI and other inflammatory biomarkers. Moreover, no significant relationship was found between BDI scores and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with depression. Conclusion: COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Nonetheless, psychiatric involvement is not uncommon and can lead to severe problems if not detected and managed at an early stage. It is recommended that clinicians should be vigilant in terms of psychiatric involvement in COVID-19 patients presenting with high inflammatory parameters.

Özet

Amaç: Önceki koronavirüs salgınlarında görülen “enfeksiyon tarafından tetiklenen bağışıklık sistemi bozulması” durumu psikiyatrik sekellere neden olabilmektedir. Koronavirüs-19 (COVID-19) salgınının yayılması, psikiyatrik etkilere yol açabilir. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 atlatmış olan hastalarda inflamatuvar biyobelirteçler ile depresyon ve anksiyete seviyeleri arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Metod: COVID-19 atlatmış 109 hastayı taburculuklarının 15. gününde psikiyatrik semptomlar açısından taradık. Psikiyatrik görüşme sonrası hastalar, “anksiyete ve depresyonu olanlar” ve “anksiyete ya da depresyonu olmayanlar” olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların anksiyete ve depresyon seviyelerinin belirlenmesi için Beck Depresyon Anketi (BDA) ve Beck Anksiyete Anketi (BAA) uygulandı. Hastaların sosyodemografik bilgileri, klinik verileri ve bazal inflamatuvar belirteç bilgileri toplandı ve kaydedildi. Bulgular: Depresyon ve anksiyeteli hastalarda daha yüksek bazal nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLO) ve sistemik immün-inflamasyon endeksi (SİİE) saptanmıştır. Genç ve kadın hastalarda daha yüksek oranlarda anksiyete ve depresyon belirlenmiştir. Dahası, anksiyeteli hastalarda BAA ile ferritin seviyeleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanırken BAA ile diğer inflamatuvar parametreler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Ayrıca, depresyonlu hastalarda BDA skorları ile inflamatuvar parametreler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: COVID-19, öncelikle respiratuvar ve kardiyovasküler sistemi etkilemektedir. Ancak psikiyatrik tutulum da sık görülmekte ve erken aşamada tespit edilip yönetilmezse ciddi problemlere yol açabilir. Yüksek inflamatuvar parametreleri olan COVID-19 hastalarında, klinisyenlerin psikiyatrik tutulum açısından tetikte olmaları önerilmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

YAYLACI, S., DEMİRYÜREK, B. E., DEMİRYÜREK, E., İŞSEVER, K., ÇEKİÇ, D., GENÇ, A. C. (2022). Depression and Anxiety Disorders in COVID-19 Survivors: Role of Inflammatory Predictors. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi, Cilt: 59 - Sayı: 2, 105–109. https://ajindex.com/articles/584574

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (13)

  1. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX ve ark. China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020
  2. 1708–1720. [Crossref] 2. Johns Hopkins University & Medicine. COVID-19 map. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University
  3. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html 3. Mao L, Wang MD, Chen SH, He QW, Chang J, Hong CD ve ark. Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study. MedRxiv 2020. [Crossref] 4. Wu Y, Xu X, Chen Z, Duan J, Hashimoto K, Yang L ve ark. Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses. Brain Behav Immun 2020
  4. 18–22. [Crossref] 5. Desforges M, Le Coupanec A, Dubeau P, Bourgouin A, Lajoie L, Dubé M ve ark. Human coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses: underestimated opportunistic pathogens of the central nervous system? Viruses 2019
  5. [Crossref] 6. Lewnard JA, Lo NC. Scientific and ethical basis for social-distancing interventions against COVID-19. Lancet Infect Dis 2020
  6. 631–633. [Crossref] 7. Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N ve ark. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 2020
  7. 912–920. [Crossref] 8. Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. Coronaphobia: fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. J Anxiety Disord 2020
  8. 102196. [Crossref] 9. Greenberg N, Docherty M, Gnanapragasam S, Wessely S. Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic. BMJ 2020
  9. m1211. [Crossref] 10. Chaves C, Castellanos T, Abrams M, Vazquez C. The impact of economic recessions on depression and individual and social well-being: the case of Spain (2006–2013). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018
  10. 977–986. [Crossref] 11. Netland J, Meyerholz DK, Moore S, Cassell M, Perlman S. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. J Virol 2008
  11. 7264–7275. [Crossref] 12. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961
  12. 561–571. [Crossref] 13. Hisli N. Validation of Beck Depression Inventory for University Students. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi 1989
  13. 3–13. https://toad.halileksi.net/sites/default/files/ pdf/beck-depresyon-envanteri-toad.pdf 14. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measu